Sirat Ibn Hisham 797
What was revealed concerning Quraysh's delusion and their seeking of judgment
[ مَا نَزَلَ فِي غِرَّةِ قُرَيْشٍ وَاسْتِفْتَاحِهِمْ ] ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ غِرَّةَ قُرَيْشٍ وَاسْتِفْتَاحَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ، إذْ قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ أَيْ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ كَمَا أَمْطَرْتهَا عَلَى قَوْمِ لُوطٍ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ أَيْ بَعْضِ مَا عَذَّبْتُ بِهِ الْأُمَمَ قَبْلَنَا، وَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ: إنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُعَذِّبُنَا وَنَحْنُ نَسْتَغْفِرُهُ، وَلَمْ يُعَذِّبْ أُمَّةً وَنَبِيُّهَا مَعَهَا حَتَّى يُخْرِجَهُ عَنْهَا. وَذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ، فَقَالَ تَعَالَى لِنَبِيِّهِ ﷺ، يَذْكُرُ جَهَالَتَهُمْ وَغِرَّتَهُمْ وَاسْتِفْتَاحَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ، حِينَ نَعَى سُوءَ أَعْمَالِهِمْ: وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَأَنْتَ فِيهِمْ وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَهُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ أَيْ لِقَوْلِهِمْ: إنَّا نَسْتَغْفِرُ وَمُحَمَّدٌ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ وَمَا لَهُمْ أَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ وَإِنْ كَانُوا يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ وَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ أَيْ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاَللَّهِ وَعَبْدَهُ: أَيْ أَنْتَ وَمَنْ اتَّبَعَكَ، وَمَا كَانُوا أَوْلِيَاءَهُ إِنْ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ إِلَّا الْمُتَّقُونَ الَّذِينَ يُحَرِّمُونَ حُرْمَتَهُ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ عِنْدَهُ: أَيْ أَنْتَ وَمَنْ آمَنَ بِكَ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ وَمَا كَانَ صَلَاتُهُمْ عِنْدَ الْبَيْتِ الَّتِي يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ يَدْفَعُ بِهَا عَنْهُمْ إِلَّا مُكَاءً وَتَصْدِيَةً [ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ لِبَعْضِ الْغَرِيبِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْمُكَاءُ: الصَّفِيرُ. وَالتَّصْدِيَةُ: التَّصْفِيقُ. قَالَ عَنْتَرَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ( ابْنُ شَدَّادٍ ) الْعَبْسِيُّ: وَلَرُبَّ قِرْنٍ قَدْ تَرَكْتُ مُجَدَّلًا تَمْكُو فَرِيصَتُهُ كَشِدْقِ الْأَعْلَمِ يَعْنِي: صَوْتَ خُرُوجِ الدَّمِ مِنْ الطَّعْنَةِ، كَأَنَّهُ الصَّفِيرُ. وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ. وَقَالَ الطِّرِمَّاحُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ الطَّائِيُّ:: لَهَا كُلَّمَا رِيعَتْ صَدَاةٌ وَرَكْدَةٌ بِمُصْدَانَ أَعْلَى ابْنَيْ شَمَامِ الْبَوَائِنِ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ. يَعْنِي الْأُرْوِيَّةَ، يَقُولُ: إذَا فَزِعَتْ قَرَعَتْ بِيَدِهَا الصَّفَاةَ ثُمَّ رَكَدَتْ تَسْمَعُ صَدَى قَرْعِهَا بِيَدِهَا الصَّفَاةَ مِثْلُ التَّصْفِيقِ. وَالْمُصْدَانَ: الْحِرْزُ. وَابْنَا شَمَامِ: جَبَلَانِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَذَلِكَ مَا لَا يُرْضِي اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَا يُحِبُّهُ، وَلَا مَا افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَلَا مَا أَمَرَهُمْ بِهِ فَذُوقُوا الْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ أَيْ لِمَا أَوْقَعَ بِهِمْ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مِنْ الْقَتْلِ
Translation
✧ [What was revealed concerning Quraysh's delusion and their seeking of judgment] Then He mentioned Quraysh's delusion and their seeking of judgment against themselves, when they said: "O Allah, if this is the truth from You—that is, what Muhammad has brought—then rain down upon us stones from the sky, as You rained them upon the people of Lot, or bring upon us a painful punishment—that is, some of what You punished the nations before us with." And they used to say: "Allah will not punish us while we seek His forgiveness, and He did not punish any nation while its prophet was among them until He removed him from it." That was part of their saying while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in their midst. So Allah, exalted is He, said to His Prophet ﷺ, mentioning their ignorance, their delusion, and their seeking of judgment against themselves, when He announced the evil of their deeds: "But Allah would not punish them while you are among them, and Allah would not punish them while they seek forgiveness"—that is, because of their saying: "We seek forgiveness while Muhammad is among us." Then He said: "But what have they that Allah should not punish them, even if you are among them, and even if they seek forgiveness as they claim, while they bar from the Sacred Mosque"—that is, those who believe in Allah and worship Him: that is, you and those who follow you. "And they were not its guardians; its guardians are none but the righteous, those who honor its sanctity and establish prayer at it"—that is, you and those who believe in you. "But most of them do not know. And their prayer at the House, which they claimed would ward off punishment from them, was nothing but whistling and clapping." [Ibn Hisham's explanation of some rare words] Ibn Hisham said: al-mukāʾ is whistling, and al-taṣdiya is clapping. ʿAntara b. ʿAmr (b. Shaddād) al-ʿAbsī said: "Many a foe have I left prostrate, Whose wound whistles like the mouth of a cleft-lipped one," meaning the sound of blood gushing from the spear-wound, as if it were whistling. This verse is in a poem of his. Al-Ṭirimmāḥ b. Ḥakīm al-Ṭāʾī said: "When she is startled, she has a clap and a pause, At Muṣdān, the upper of the two sons of Shamām of al-Bawāʾin." This verse is in a poem of his. He means the mountain goat: when it is startled, it strikes the rock with its hoof, then pauses, hearing the echo of its striking the rock with its hoof, like clapping. Al-muṣdān is the refuge, and the two sons of Shamām are two mountains. Ibn Isḥāq said: That is what does not please Allah, mighty and majestic is He, nor does He love it, nor is it what He made obligatory upon them, nor what He commanded them with. "So taste the punishment for what you used to disbelieve"—that is, for what He brought upon them on the day of Badr of killing.
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