Sirat Ibn Hisham 785
The conversion of ʿUmayr b. Wahb
[ هُوَ أَوِ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ الَّذِي رَأَى إِبْلِيسَ وَمَا نَزَلَ فِيهِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَعُمَيْرُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَوْ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، قَدْ ذُكِرَ لِي أَحَدُهُمَا، الَّذِي رَأَى إبْلِيسَ حِينَ نَكَصَ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ، فَقَالَ: أَيْنَ، أَيْ سُرَاقَةُ ؟ وَمَثَلَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ فَذَهَبَ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِ. وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَإِنِّي جَارٌ لَكُمْ فَذَكَرَ اسْتِدْرَاجَ إبْلِيسَ إيَّاهُمْ، وَتَشَبُّهَهُ بِسُرَاقَةَ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ لَهُمْ، حِينَ ذَكَرُوا مَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ بَنِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَاةَ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ فِي الْحَرْبِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ. يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَلَمَّا تَرَاءَتِ الْفِئَتَانِ وَنَظَرَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ إلَى جُنُودِ اللَّهِ مِنْ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، قَدْ أَيَّدَ اللَّهُ بِهِمْ رَسُولَهُ ﷺ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِمْ نَكَصَ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ وَقَالَ إِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْكُمْ إِنِّي أَرَى مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ وَصَدَقَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ، رَأَى مَا لَمْ يَرَوْا، وَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ وَاللَّهُ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ فَذُكِرَ لِي أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَرَوْنَهُ فِي كُلِّ مَنْزِلٍ فِي صُورَةِ سُرَاقَةَ لَا يُنْكِرُونَهُ، حَتَّى إذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ، وَالْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ نَكَصَ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ، فَأَوْرَدَهُمْ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَهُمْ. [ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ لِبَعْضِ الْغَرِيبِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: نَكَصَ: رَجَعَ. قَالَ أَوْسُ بْنُ حَجَرٍ، أَحَدُ بَنِي أُسَيْدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ تَمِيمٍ:: نَكَصْتُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ يَوْمَ جِئْتُمْ تُزَجُّونَ أَنْفَالَ الْخَمِيسِ الْعَرَمْرَمِ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ
Translation
✧ [He or Ibn Hishām who saw Iblīs and what was revealed about him] Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿUmayr b. Wahb, or al-Ḥārith b. Hishām—one of the two was mentioned to me—was the one who saw Iblīs when he turned back on his heels on the day of Badr, and he said: Where, O Surāqah? And the enemy of God took a form and went away. Then God Most High revealed about him: And when Satan made their deeds seem fair to them and said, No one among men can overcome you today, and I am your protector—and he mentioned Iblīs's beguiling of them, and his taking the form of Surāqah b. Mālik b. Juʿshum for them, when they recalled what was between them and Banū Bakr b. ʿAbd Manāt b. Kinānah in the war that had been between them. God Most High says: And when the two hosts saw each other, and the enemy of God looked upon the hosts of God, the angels, with whom God had strengthened His Messenger ﷺ and the believers against their enemy, he turned back on his heels and said, I am quit of you; I see what you do not see. And the enemy of God spoke the truth: he saw what they did not see, and he said, I fear God, and God is severe in punishment. It was mentioned to me that they used to see him at every halting place in the form of Surāqah, not recognizing him, until when it was the day of Badr and the two hosts met, he turned back on his heels, so he brought them to the watering place, then abandoned them. [Ibn Hishām's explanation of some rare words] Ibn Hishām said: nakaṣa means 'returned.' Aws b. Ḥajar, one of Banū Usayd b. ʿAmr b. Tamīm, said: You turned back on your heels on the day you came, driving the spoils of the mighty host. This verse is in an ode of his.
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