Sirat Ibn Hisham 646
The group who formed the confederates
[ النَّفَرُ الَّذِينَ حَزَّبُوا الْأَحْزَابَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ الَّذِينَ حَزَّبُوا الْأَحْزَابَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَغَطَفَانَ وَبَنْي قُرَيْظَةَ: حُيَيُّ بْنُ أَخْطَبَ، وَسِلَامُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ، أَبُو رَافِعٍ، وَالرَّبِيعُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ، وَأَبُو عَمَّارٍ، وَوَحْوَحُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، وَهَوْذَةُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ. فَأَمَّا وَحْوَحُ، وَأَبُو عَمَّارٍ، وَهَوْذَةُ، فَمِنْ بَنِي وَائِلٍ، وَكَانَ سَائِرُهُمْ مِنْ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ. فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ قَالُوا: هَؤُلَاءِ أَحْبَارُ يَهُودَ، وَأَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ بِالْكِتَابِ الْأَوَّلِ، فَسَلُوهُمْ: دِينُكُمْ خَيْرٌ أَمْ دِينُ مُحَمَّدٍ ؟ فَسَأَلُوهُمْ، فَقَالُوا: بَلْ دِينُكُمْ خَيْرٌ مِنْ دِينِهِ، وَأَنْتُمْ أَهْدَى مِنْهُ وَمِمَّنْ اتَّبَعَهُ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا نَصِيبًا مِنَ الْكِتَابِ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْجِبْتِ وَالطَّاغُوتِ [ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ لِبَعْضِ الْغَرِيبِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْجِبْتُ ( عِنْدَ الْعَرَبِ ): مَا عُبِدَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى، وَالطَّاغُوتُ: كُلُّ مَا أَضَلَّ عَنْ الْحَقِّ. وَجَمْعُ الْجِبْتِ: جُبُوتٌ؛ وَجَمْعُ الطَّاغُوتِ طَوَاغِيتُ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَبَلَغَنَا عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْجِبْتُ: السَّحَرُ؛ وَالطَّاغُوتُ: الشَّيْطَانُ. وَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْدَى مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا سَبِيلًا قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: إلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: أَمْ يَحْسُدُونَ النَّاسَ عَلَى مَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ فَقَدْ آتَيْنَا آلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَآتَيْنَاهُمْ مُلْكًا عَظِيمًا [ إِنْكَارُهُمُ التَّنْزِيلَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَالَ سُكَيْنٌ وَعَدِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، مَا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَى بَشَرٍ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدَ مُوسَى. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمَا: إِنَّا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ كَمَا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى نُوحٍ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالْأَسْبَاطِ وَعِيسَى وَأَيُّوبَ وَيُونُسَ وَهَارُونَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ وَآتَيْنَا دَاوُدَ زَبُورًا وَرُسُلًا قَدْ قَصَصْنَاهُمْ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَرُسُلًا لَمْ نَقْصُصْهُمْ عَلَيْكَ وَكَلَّمَ اللَّهُ مُوسَى تَكْلِيمًا رُسُلًا مُبَشِّرِينَ وَمُنْذِرِينَ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى اللَّهِ حُجَّةٌ بَعْدَ الرُّسُلِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا وَدَخَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: أَمَا وَاَللَّهِ إنَّكُمْ لَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي رَسُولٌ مِنْ اللَّهِ إلَيْكُمْ، قَالُوا: مَا نَعْلَمُهُ، وَمَا نَشْهَدُ عَلَيْهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ: لَكِنِ اللَّهِ يَشْهَدُ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ إِلَيْكَ أَنْزَلَهُ بِعِلْمِهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يَشْهَدُونَ وَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا
Translation
✧ [The group who incited the confederates] Ibn Isḥāq said: Those who incited the confederates from Quraysh, Ghaṭafān, and Banū Qurayẓah were: Ḥuyayy b. Akhṭab, Sallām b. Abī al-Ḥuqayq, Abū Rāfiʿ, al-Rabīʿ b. al-Rabīʿ b. Abī al-Ḥuqayq, Abū ʿAmmār, Waḥwaḥ b. ʿĀmir, and Hawdhah b. Qays. As for Waḥwaḥ, Abū ʿAmmār, and Hawdhah, they were from Banū Wāʾil, and the rest of them were from Banū al-Naḍīr. When they came to Quraysh, they said: “These are the rabbis of the Jews and the people of knowledge of the first scripture, so ask them: Is your religion better or the religion of Muḥammad?” So they asked them, and they said: “Rather, your religion is better than his religion, and you are more rightly guided than him and those who follow him.” So God, exalted be He, revealed concerning them: “Have you not seen those who were given a portion of the scripture, believing in al-jibt and al-ṭāghūt?” [Ibn Hishām’s explanation of some rare words] Ibn Hishām said: Al-jibt (among the Arabs) is what is worshipped besides God, blessed and exalted be He, and al-ṭāghūt is everything that leads astray from the truth. The plural of al-jibt is jubūt; and the plural of al-ṭāghūt is ṭawāghīt. Ibn Hishām said: It has reached us from Ibn Abī Najīḥ that he said: Al-jibt is sorcery; and al-ṭāghūt is Satan. “And they say to those who disbelieve, ‘These are more rightly guided than those who believe in way.’” Ibn Isḥāq said: Up to His, exalted be He, saying: “Or do they envy the people for what God has given them of His bounty? For We gave the family of Abraham the scripture and wisdom, and We gave them a great kingdom.” [Their denial of revelation] Ibn Isḥāq said: Sukayn and ʿAdī b. Zayd said: “O Muḥammad, we do not know that God has sent down anything upon any human being after Moses.” So God, exalted be He, revealed concerning that statement of theirs: “Indeed, We have revealed to you as We revealed to Noah and the prophets after him, and We revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, the tribes, Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and We gave David the Psalms, and messengers We have related to you before, and messengers We have not related to you, and God spoke to Moses directly, messengers as bearers of good tidings and warners, so that people might have no argument against God after the messengers, and God is mighty, wise.” A group of them entered upon the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he said to them: “By God, you certainly know that I am a messenger from God to you.” They said: “We do not know it, and we do not testify to it.” So God, exalted be He, revealed concerning that statement of theirs: “But God bears witness to what He has sent down to you; He sent it down with His knowledge, and the angels bear witness, and God suffices as a witness.”
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.