Sirat Ibn Hisham 640
What was revealed concerning the statement of Abū Rāfiʿ and the Najrānī: 'Do you want us to worship you as the Christians worship Jesus?'
[ مَا نَزَلَ فِي قَوْلِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ وَالنَّجْرَانِيِّ " أَتُرِيدُ أَنْ نَعْبُدَكَ كَمَا تَعْبُدُ النَّصَارَى عِيسَى " ] وَقَالَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ حَيْنَ اجْتَمَعَتْ الْأَحْبَارُ مِنْ يَهُودَ، وَالنَّصَارَى مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَدَعَاهُمْ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ: أَتُرِيدُ مِنَّا يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَنْ نَعْبُدَكَ كَمَا تَعْبُدُ النَّصَارَى عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ ؟ وَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ نَصْرَانِيٌّ، يُقَالُ لَهُ: الرِّبَيِّسُ، ( وَيُرْوَى: الرَّيِّسُ، وَالرَّئِيسُ ): أَوَذَاكَ تُرِيدُ مِنَّا يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَإِلَيْهِ تَدْعُونَا ؟ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ غَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَوْ آمُرَ بِعِبَادَةِ غَيْرِهِ، فَمَا بِذَلِكَ بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ، وَلَا أَمَرَنِي؛ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ. مَرْيَمَ ؟ وَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ نَصْرَانِيٌّ، يُقَالُ لَهُ: الرِّبَيِّسُ، ( وَيُرْوَى: الرَّيِّسُ، وَالرَّئِيسُ ): أَوَذَاكَ تُرِيدُ مِنَّا يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَإِلَيْهِ تَدْعُونَا ؟ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ غَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَوْ آمُرَ بِعِبَادَةِ غَيْرِهِ، فَمَا بِذَلِكَ بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ، وَلَا أَمَرَنِي أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمَا: مَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَنْ يُؤْتِيَهُ اللَّهُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ ثُمَّ يَقُولَ لِلنَّاسِ كُونُوا عِبَادًا لِي مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَكِنْ كُونُوا رَبَّانِيِّينَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تُعَلِّمُونَ الْكِتَابَ وَبِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَدْرُسُونَ إلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: بَعْدَ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الرَّبَّانِيُّونَ: الْعُلَمَاءُ الْفُقَهَاءُ السَّادَةُ؛ وَاحِدُهُمْ: رَبَّانِيٌّ. قَالَ الشَّاعِرُ:: لَوْ كُنْتُ مُرْتَهِنًا فِي الْقَوْسِ أَفْتَنَنِي مِنْهَا الْكَلَامُ وَرَبَّانِيَّ أَحْبَارِ [ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ لِبَعْضِ الْغَرِيبِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْقَوْسُ: صَوْمَعَةُ الرَّاهِبِ. وَأَفْتَنَنِي، لُغَةُ تَمِيمٍ. وَفَتَنَنِي، لُغَةُ قَيْسٍ. قَالَ جَرِيرٌ:: لَا وَصْلَ إذْ صَرَمَتْ هِنْدٌ وَلَوْ وَقَفَتْ لَاسْتَنْزَلَتْنِي وَذَا الْمِسْحَيْنِ فِي الْقَوْسِ أَيْ صَوْمَعَةَ الرَّاهِبِ. وَالرَّبَّانِيُّ: مُشْتَقٌّ مِنْ الرَّبِّ، وَهُوَ السَّيِّدُ. وَفِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ: فَيَسْقِي رَبَّهُ خَمْرًا، أَيْ سَيِّدَهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَلَا يَأْمُرَكُمْ أَنْ تَتَّخِذُوا الْمَلَائِكَةَ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ أَرْبَابًا أَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْكُفْرِ بَعْدَ إِذْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ [ مَا نَزَلَ فِي أَخْذِ الْمِيثَاقِ عَلَيْهِمْ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مَا أَخَذَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَعَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مِنْ الْمِيثَاقِ بِتَصْدِيقِهِ إذْ هُوَ جَاءَهُمْ، وَإِقْرَارَهُمْ، فَقَالَ: وَإِذْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ مِيثَاقَ النَّبِيِّينَ لَمَا آتَيْتُكُمْ مِنْ كِتَابٍ وَحِكْمَةٍ ثُمَّ جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ مُصَدِّقٌ لِمَا مَعَكُمْ لَتُؤْمِنُنَّ بِهِ وَلَتَنْصُرُنَّهُ قَالَ أَأَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَخَذْتُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكُمْ إِصْرِي قَالُوا أَقْرَرْنَا قَالَ فَاشْهَدُوا وَأَنَا مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الشَّاهِدِينَ إلَى آخِرِ الْقِصَّةِ. [ سَعْيُهُمْ فِي الْوَقِيعَةِ بَيْنَ الْأَنْصَارِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَمَرَّ شَاسُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، وَكَانَ شَيْخًا قَدْ عَسَا، عَظِيمَ الْكُفْرِ شَدِيدَ الضَّغَنِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، شَدِيدَ الْحَسَدِ لَهُمْ، عَلَى نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ الْأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ. فِي مَجْلِسٍ قَدْ جَمَعَهُمْ، يَتَحَدَّثُونَ فِيهِ، فَغَاظَهُ مَا رَأَى مِنْ أُلْفَتِهِمْ وَجَمَاعَتِهِمْ، وَصَلَاحِ ذَاتِ بَيْنِهِمْ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، بَعْدَ الَّذِي كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ مِنْ الْعَدَاوَةِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. فَقَالَ: قَدْ اجْتَمَعَ مَلَأُ بَنِي قَيْلَةَ بِهَذِهِ الْبِلَادِ، لَا وَاَللَّهِ مَا لَنَا مَعَهُمْ إذَا اجْتَمَعَ مَلَؤُهُمْ بِهَا مِنْ قَرَارٍ. فَأَمَرَ فَتًى شَابًّا مِنْ يَهُودَ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ، فَقَالَ: اعْمِدْ إلَيْهِمْ، فَاجْلِسْ مَعَهُمْ، ثُمَّ اُذْكُرْ يَوْمَ بُعَاثَ وَمَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ وَأَنْشِدْهُمْ بَعْضَ مَا كَانُوا تَقَاوَلُوا فِيهِ مِنْ الْأَشْعَارِ
Translation
✧ [What was revealed concerning the saying of Abu Rafi' and the Najrani: "Do you want us to worship you as the Christians worship 'Isa?"] And Abu Rafi' al-Qurazi said, when the rabbis of the Jews and the Christians of the people of Najran gathered before the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he called them to Islam: "Do you want from us, O Muhammad, that we should worship you as the Christians worship 'Isa son of Maryam?" And a man from the people of Najran, a Christian called al-Ribbiyis (and it is related: al-Rayyis, and al-Ra'is), said: "Or is that what you want from us, O Muhammad, and to which you call us?" or as he said. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "God forbid that I should worship other than God, or command the worship of other than Him. God did not send me for that, nor command me," or as he said. Maryam? And a man from the people of Najran, a Christian called al-Ribbiyis (and it is related: al-Rayyis, and al-Ra'is), said: "Or is that what you want from us, O Muhammad, and to which you call us?" or as he said. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "God forbid that I should worship other than God, or command the worship of other than Him. God did not send me for that, nor command me," or as he said. Then God Almighty revealed concerning that, from their saying: "It is not for a human that God should give him the Book, the judgment, and prophethood, then he should say to the people: 'Be worshippers of me rather than God'; but rather: 'Be rabbaniyyun, because you have been teaching the Book and because you have been studying,'" up to His saying, Almighty: "after you have become Muslims." Ibn Hisham said: al-rabbaniyyun are the learned men, the jurists, the masters; the singular is rabbaniyy. The poet said: "If I were detained in the qaws, the discourse would seduce me from it, and the rabbaniyy of the rabbis." [Ibn Hisham's explanation of some obscure words] Ibn Hisham said: al-qaws is the monk's cell. "Aftanani" is the dialect of Tamim; "fatanani" is the dialect of Qays. Jarir said: "There is no connection, since Hind severed it, even if she stood; she would bring me down, and the one with the two hair-cloths, from the qaws," meaning the monk's cell. And al-rabbaniyy is derived from al-rabb, and he is the master. In the Book of God: "so let him give his rabb wine to drink," meaning his master. Ibn Ishaq said: "And He does not command you to take the angels and the prophets as lords. Would He command you to disbelief after you have become Muslims?" [What was revealed concerning the taking of the covenant from them] Ibn Ishaq said: Then He mentioned what God took from them and from their prophets of the covenant to believe in him when he came to them, and their acknowledgment, and He said: "And when God took the covenant of the prophets: 'For what I have given you of the Book and wisdom, then there comes to you a messenger confirming what is with you, you shall surely believe in him and you shall surely help him.' He said: 'Do you affirm and take upon yourselves My burden on that?' They said: 'We affirm.' He said: 'Then bear witness, and I am with you among the witnesses,'" to the end of the story. [Their efforts to cause discord among the Ansar] Ibn Ishaq said: Shas b. Qays passed by—and he was an old man who had become stiff, great in disbelief, severe in rancor against the Muslims, severe in envy of them—by a group of the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ from the Aws and the Khazraj, in a gathering that had brought them together, conversing in it. What he saw of their intimacy and their unity, and the soundness of their relations with one another based on Islam, after the enmity that had been between them in the Jahiliyyah, angered him. He said: "The chiefs of the Banu Qaylah have gathered in this land. No, by God, we have no settled place with them if their chiefs gather in it." Then he ordered a young Jewish man who was with them, saying: "Go to them, sit with them, then mention the Day of Bu'ath and what was before it, and recite to them some of the verses they used to exchange in their disputes."
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