Sirat Ibn Hisham 356
[ سُئِلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ عُذْرِ مَنْ امْتَنَعَ عَنْ الْإِسْلَامِ لِسَبَبِ تَعْذِيبِهِ فَأَجَازَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي حَكِيمُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَكَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يَبْلُغُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ الْعَذَابِ مَا يُعْذَرُونَ بِهِ فِي تَرْكِ دِينِهِمْ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ وَاَللَّهِ، إنْ كَانُوا لَيَضْرِبُونَ أَحَدَهُمْ وَيُجِيعُونَهُ وَيُعَطِّشُونَهُ حَتَّى مَا يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يَسْتَوِيَ جَالِسًا مِنْ شِدَّةِ الضُّرِّ الَّذِي نَزَلَ بِهِ، حَتَّى يُعْطِيَهُمْ مَا سَأَلُوهُ مِنْ الْفِتْنَةِ، حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَهُ؛ آللَّاتُ وَالْعُزَّى إلَهُكَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ ؟ فَيَقُولُ: نَعَمْ، حَتَّى إنَّ الْجُعَلَ لَيَمُرُّ بِهِمْ، فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُ: أَهَذَا الْجُعَلُ إلَهُكَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ ؟ فَيَقُولُ: نَعَمْ، افْتِدَاءً مِنْهُمْ مِمَّا يَبْلُغُونَ مِنْ جَهْدِهِ. [ رَفْضُ هِشَامٍ تَسْلِيمَ أَخِيهِ لِقُرَيْشِ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ عَلَى إسْلَامِهِ، وَشِعْرِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ عُكَاشَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَحْمَدَ أَنَّهُ حُدِّثَ أَنَّ رِجَالًا مِنْ بَنِي مَخْزُومٍ مَشَوْا إلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، حِينَ أَسْلَمَ أَخُوهُ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ( بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ )، وَكَانُوا قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا فِتْيَةً مِنْهُمْ كَانُوا قَدْ أَسْلَمُوا، مِنْهُمْ: سَلَمَةُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، وَعَيَّاشُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ. قَالَ: فَقَالُوا لَهُ. وَخَشُوا شَرَّهُمْ: إنَّا قَدْ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نُعَاتِبَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْفِتْيَةِ عَلَى هَذَا الدِّينِ الَّذِي أَحْدَثُوا، فَإِنَّا نَأْمَنُ بِذَلِكَ فِي غَيْرِهِمْ. قَالَ: هَذَا، فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِهِ، فَعَاتِبُوهُ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَنَفْسَهُ، وَأَنْشَأَ يَقُولُ:: أَلَا لَا يُقْتَلَنَّ أَخِي عُيَيْسٍ فَيَبْقَى بَيْنَنَا أَبَدًا تَلَاحِي احْذَرُوا عَلَى نَفْسِهِ، فَأُقْسِمُ اللَّهَ لَئِنْ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ لَأَقْتُلَنَّ أَشْرَفَكُمْ رَجُلًا. قَالَ: فَقَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْهُ، مَنْ يُغَرِّرُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، فَوَاَللَّهِ لَوْ أُصِيبَ فِي أَيْدِينَا لَقُتِلَ أَشْرَفُنَا رَجُلًا. ( قَالَ )، فَتَرَكُوهُ وَنَزَعُوا عَنْهُ. قَالَ: وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا دَفَعَ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَنْهُمْ
Translation
✧ [Ibn ʿAbbās was asked about the excuse of one who refrained from Islam due to being tortured, and he permitted it.] Ibn Isḥāq said: Ḥakīm b. Jubayr related to me from Saʿīd b. Jubayr, who said: I said to ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās: Did the polytheists inflict such torture on the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ that they would be excused for abandoning their religion? He said: Yes, by God, they would beat one of them and starve him and make him thirsty until he could not even sit upright from the severity of the harm that had befallen him, so that he would give them what they asked of him by way of trial, until they would say to him: Are al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā your gods instead of God? And he would say: Yes. Even when a dung beetle passed by them, they would say to him: Is this dung beetle your god instead of God? And he would say: Yes, as a ransom from them against the hardship they were inflicting on him. [Hishām's refusal to hand over his brother to Quraysh for them to kill him for his Islam, and his poetry about that] Ibn Isḥāq said: al-Zubayr b. ʿUkāsha b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Aḥmad related to me that he was told that some men of Banū Makhzūm went to Hishām b. al-Walīd when his brother al-Walīd b. al-Walīd (b. al-Mughīra) had become Muslim, and they had resolved to seize some young men of theirs who had become Muslim, among them Salama b. Hishām and ʿAyyāsh b. Abī Rabīʿa. He said: They said to him, fearing their evil: We want to rebuke these young men for this religion they have introduced, for by that we will be safe from others. He said: This, then go ahead with him, rebuke him, but beware of him and of harming him personally. And he began to say: Alas, let not my brother ʿUyays be killed, Lest mutual reproach remain between us forever. Beware for his sake, for I swear by God, If you kill him, I will kill the noblest man among you. He said: They said: O God, curse him! Who would risk this matter? By God, if he were struck down at our hands, the noblest of us would be killed as a man. He said: So they left him alone and turned away from him. He said: That was among what God used to ward off harm from them.
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