Sirat Ibn Hisham 152
Quṣayy as Ruler over Makkah and the Reason for His Being Named Mujammiʿ
[ قُصَيٌّ أَمِيرًا عَلَى مَكَّةَ وَسَبَبُ تَسْمِيَتِهِ مُجَمِّعًا ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَوَلِيَ قُصَيٌّ الْبَيْتَ وَأَمْرَ مَكَّةَ، وَجَمَعَ قَوْمَهُ مِنْ مَنَازِلِهِمْ إلَى مَكَّةَ، وَتَمَلَّكَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ وَأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَمَلَّكُوهُ. إلَّا أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَقَرَّ لِلْعَرَبِ مَا كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَرَاهُ دِينًا فِي نَفْسِهِ لَا يَنْبَغِي تَغْيِيرُهُ. فَأَقَرَّ آلَ صَفْوَانَ وَعَدْوَانَ وَالنِّسْأَةَ وَمُرَّةَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ عَلَى مَا كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ، حَتَّى جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ فَهَدَمَ اللَّهُ بِهِ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ. فَكَانَ قُصَيٌّ أَوَّلَ بَنِي كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ أَصَابَ مُلْكًا أَطَاعَ لَهُ بِهِ قَوْمُهُ، فَكَانَتْ إلَيْهِ الْحِجَابَةُ، وَالسِّقَايَةُ، وَالرِّفَادَةُ، وَالنَّدْوَةُ، وَاللِّوَاءُ، فَحَازَ شَرَفَ مَكَّةَ كُلَّهُ. وَقَطَعَ مَكَّةَ رِبَاعًا بَيْنَ قَوْمِهِ، فَأَنْزَلَ كُلَّ قَوْمٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَنَازِلَهُمْ مِنْ مَكَّةَ الَّتِي أَصْبَحُوا عَلَيْهَا، وَيَزْعُمُ النَّاسُ أَنَّ قُرَيْشًا هَابُوا قَطْعَ شَجَرِ الْحَرَمِ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ فَقَطَعَهَا قُصَيٌّ بِيَدِهِ وَأَعْوَانِهِ، فَسَمَّتْهُ قُرَيْشٌ مُجَمِّعًا لِمَا جَمَعَ مِنْ أَمْرِهَا، وَتَيَمَّنَتْ بِأَمْرِهِ، فَمَا تُنْكَحُ امْرَأَةٌ، وَلَا يَتَزَوَّجُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، وَمَا يَتَشَاوَرُونَ فِي أَمْرٍ نَزَلَ بِهِمْ، وَلَا يَعْقِدُونَ لِوَاءً لِحَرْبِ قَوْمٍ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ إلَّا فِي دَارِهِ، يَعْقِدُهُ لَهُمْ بَعْضُ وَلَدِهِ، وَمَا تَدَّرِعُ جَارِيَةٌ إذَا بَلَغَتْ أَنْ تَدَّرِعَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إلَّا فِي دَارِهِ، يَشُقُّ عَلَيْهَا فِيهَا دِرْعَهَا ثُمَّ تَدَّرِعُهُ، ثُمَّ يَنْطَلِقُ بِهَا إلَى أَهْلِهَا. فَكَانَ أَمْرُهُ فِي قَوْمِهِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فِي حَيَاتِهِ، وَمِنْ بَعْدِ مَوْتِهِ، كَالدِّينِ الْمُتَّبِعِ لَا يُعْمَلُ بِغَيْرِهِ. وَاِتَّخَذَ لِنَفْسِهِ دَارَ النَّدْوَةِ وَجَعَلَ بَابَهَا إلَى مَسْجِدِ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَفِيهَا كَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تَقْضِي أُمُورَهَا. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَقَالَ الشَّاعِرُ:: قُصَيٌّ لَعَمْرِي كَانَ يُدَعَّى مُجَمِّعًا بِهِ جَمَعَ اللَّهُ الْقَبَائِلَ مِنْ فِهْرِ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ السَّائِبَ بْنَ خَبَّابٍ صَاحِبَ الْمَقْصُورَةِ يُحَدِّثُ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَجُلًا يُحَدِّثُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، وَهُوَ خَلِيفَةٌ، حَدِيثَ قُصَيِّ بْنِ كِلَابٍ، وَمَا جَمَعَ مِنْ أَمْرِ قَوْمِهِ، وَإِخْرَاجِهِ خُزَاعَةَ وَبَنِيَّ بَكْرٍ مِنْ مَكَّةَ، وَوِلَايَتِهِ الْبَيْتَ وَأَمْرَ مَكَّةَ، فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يُنْكِرْهُ
Translation
✧ [Qusayy as commander over Makkah and the reason for his being named Mujammiʿ] Ibn Ishaq said: Qusayy took charge of the House and the affairs of Makkah, gathered his people from their dwelling places to Makkah, and became sovereign over his people and the people of Makkah, and they made him their king. However, he confirmed for the Arabs what they had been upon, because he considered it a religion in himself which it was not proper to change. So he confirmed the family of Safwan, ʿAdwan, the Nasaʾah, and Murrah b. ʿAwf on what they had been upon, until Islam came and God destroyed all of that through it. Qusayy was the first of the Banu Kaʿb b. Luʾayy to attain a kingship to which his people were obedient. To him belonged the hijabah (door-keeping of the Kaʿbah), the siqayah (provision of water to the pilgrims), the rifadah (provision of food to the pilgrims), the nadwah (council), and the liwaʾ (war banner). Thus he held all the honor of Makkah. He divided Makkah into quarters among his people, settling each group of Quraysh in their dwellings in Makkah which they have occupied ever since. People claim that Quraysh were afraid to cut the trees of the sacred precinct in their dwelling places, so Qusayy cut them down with his own hand and his helpers. Quraysh named him Mujammiʿ (the gatherer) because of what he gathered of their affairs, and they took good omens from his matter. No woman would be married, no man of Quraysh would marry, they would not consult one another about a matter that befell them, and they would not tie a banner for war against a people other than themselves, except in his house, where one of his children would tie it for them. No girl of Quraysh, when she reached the age to put on a shift, would put on a shift except in his house; he would slit her shift for her there, then she would put it on, and then he would take her to her family. His authority among his people of Quraysh during his lifetime and after his death was like a religion that was followed, nothing other than it being acted upon. He took for himself the Dar al-Nadwah (council house) and made its door facing the mosque of the Kaʿbah; in it Quraysh used to settle their affairs. Ibn Hisham said: The poet said: Qusayy, by my life, was called Mujammiʿ; through him God gathered the tribes of Fihr. Ibn Ishaq said: ʿAbd al-Malik b. Rashid narrated to me from his father, who said: I heard al-Saʾib b. Khabbab, the owner of the maqsurah, say that he heard a man relate to ʿUmar b. al-Khattab, while he was caliph, the story of Qusayy b. Kilab, and what he gathered of the affairs of his people, his expulsion of Khuzaʿah and Banu Bakr from Makkah, and his taking charge of the House and the affairs of Makkah; and he did not refute that nor deny it.
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