Sirat Ibn Hisham 1009
Mention of what God revealed in the Qurʾān concerning Uḥud
[ ذِكْرُهُ الْمُصِيبَةَ الَّتِي أَصَابَتْهُمْ ] ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْمُصِيبَةَ الَّتِي أَصَابَتْهُمْ، فَقَالَ: أَوَلَمَّا أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهَا قُلْتُمْ أَنَّى هَذَا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ أَيْ إنْ تَكُ قَدْ أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ فِي إخْوَانِكُمْ بِذُنُوبِكُمْ فَقَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهَا قَبْلُ مِنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ، فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي كَانَ قَبْلَهُ بِبَدْرِ، قَتْلًا وَأَسْرًا وَنَسِيتُمْ مَعْصِيَتَكُمْ وَخِلَافَكُمْ عَمَّا أَمَرَكُمْ بِهِ نَبِيُّكُمْ ﷺ، أَنْتُمْ أَحْلَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ بِأَنْفُسِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ أَيْ إنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى مَا أَرَادَ بِعِبَادِهِ مِنْ نِقْمَةٍ أَوْ عَفْوٍ قَدِيرٌ وَمَا أَصَابَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعَانِ فَبِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَيْ مَا أَصَابَكُمْ حِينَ الْتَقَيْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ وَعَدُوُّكُمْ فَبِإِذْنِي، كَانَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ فَعَلْتُمْ مَا فَعَلْتُمْ بَعْدَ أَنْ جَاءَكُمْ نَصْرِي، وَصَدَقَتْكُمْ وَعْدِي، لِيُمَيِّزَ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقِينَ، وَلِيَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ نَافَقُوا مِنْكُمْ: أَيْ لِيُظْهِرَ مَا فِيهِمْ. وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا قَاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَوِ ادْفَعُوا يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ وَأَصْحَابَهُ الَّذِينَ رَجَعُوا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حِينَ سَارَ إلَى عَدُوِّهِ مِنْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِأُحُدِ، وَقَوْلَهُمْ: لَوْ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكُمْ تُقَاتِلُونَ لَسِرْنَا مَعَكُمْ، وَلَدَفَعْنَا عَنْكُمْ، وَلَكِنَّا لَا نَظُنُّ أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ قِتَالٌ. فَأَظْهَرَ مِنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يُخْفُونَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ. يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: هُمْ لِلْكُفْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُمْ لِلْإِيمَانِ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفْواهِهِمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ أَيْ يُظْهِرُونَ لَكَ الْإِيمَانَ وَلَيْسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَكْتُمُونَ أَيْ مَا يُخْفُونَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا لِإِخْوَانِهِمْ الَّذِينَ أُصِيبُوا مَعَكُمْ مِنْ عَشَائِرِهِمْ وَقَوْمِهِمْ: لَوْ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُوا قُلْ فَادْرَءُوا عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمُ الْمَوْتَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ أَيْ أَنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ مِنْ الْمَوْتِ، فَإِنْ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْفَعُوهُ عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ فَافْعَلُوا، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ إنَّمَا نَافَقُوا وَتَرَكُوا الْجِهَادَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، حِرْصًا عَلَى الْبَقَاءِ فِي الدُّنْيَا، وَفِرَارًا مِنْ الْمَوْتِ
Translation
✧ Mention of the calamity that befell them: Then He mentioned the calamity that befell them, saying: “And when a calamity befell you, though you had inflicted twice as much, you said, ‘How is this?’ Say, ‘It is from yourselves. Indeed, Allah is capable of all things’” [Q 3:165], meaning: if a calamity has befallen you in your brothers because of your sins, then you had previously inflicted twice as much upon your enemy, on the day before it at Badr, in killing and captivity, and you forgot your disobedience and your opposition to what your Prophet ﷺ commanded you; you brought this upon yourselves. Indeed, Allah is capable of all things, meaning: Allah is capable of whatever He wills for His servants, of punishment or pardon. “And what befell you on the day the two armies met was by Allah’s permission, and so that He might know the believers” [Q 3:166], meaning: what befell you when you and your enemy met was by My permission. That happened when you did what you did after My help had come to you and My promise had been fulfilled to you, in order to distinguish between the believers and the hypocrites, and so that He might know those who acted hypocritically among you, meaning: to bring out what was in them. “And when it was said to them, ‘Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves’” [Q 3:167], meaning ʿAbd Allah b. Ubayy and his companions who turned back from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he marched to his enemy from the polytheists at Uḥud, and their saying: “If we knew that you would fight, we would go with you and defend you, but we do not think there will be any fighting.” Thus He brought out from them what they had been concealing in themselves. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: “They were closer that day to disbelief than to faith. They say with their mouths what is not in their hearts. And Allah knows best what they conceal” [Q 3:167], meaning: they show you faith while it is not in their hearts. And Allah knows best what they hide. “Those who said of their brothers, while staying behind, ‘If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed.’ Say, ‘Then avert death from yourselves, if you are truthful’” [Q 3:168], meaning: death is inevitable; if you can ward it off from yourselves, then do so. That is because they only acted hypocritically and abandoned jihād in the way of Allah out of eagerness to remain in this world and flight from death.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.