Sirat Ibn Hisham 1003
Mention of what God revealed in the Qurʾān concerning Uḥud
[ تَحْذِيرُهُ إيَّاهُمْ مِنْ إطَاعَةِ الْكُفَّارِ ] يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ تُطِيعُوا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خَاسِرِينَ أَيْ عَنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ، فَتَذْهَبُ دُنْيَاكُمْ وآخِرَتُكُمْ بَلِ اللَّهُ مَوْلَاكُمْ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ النَّاصِرِينَ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَا تَقُولُونَ بِأَلْسِنَتِكُمْ صِدْقًا فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ فَاعْتَصِمُوا بِهِ، وَلَا تَسْتَنْصِرُوا بِغَيْرِهِ، وَلَا تَرْجِعُوا عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ مُرْتَدِّينَ عَنْ دِينِهِ. سَنُلْقِي فِي قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الرُّعْبَ أَيْ الَّذِي بِهِ كُنْتُ أَنْصُرُكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِمَا أَشْرَكُوا بِي مَا لَمْ أَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ حُجَّةٍ، أَيْ فَلَا تَظُنُّوا أَنَّ لَهُمْ عَاقِبَةَ نَصْرٍ وَلَا ظُهُورٍ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا اعْتَصَمْتُمْ بِي، وَاتَّبَعْتُمْ أَمْرِي، لِلْمُصِيبَةِ الَّتِي أَصَابَتْكُمْ مِنْهُمْ بِذُنُوبٍ قَدَّمْتُمُوهَا لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ، خَالَفْتُمْ بِهَا أَمْرِي لِلْمَعْصِيَةِ، وَعَصَيْتُمْ بِهَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ. وَلَقَدْ صَدَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَعْدَهُ إِذْ تَحُسُّونَهُمْ بِإِذْنِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا فَشِلْتُمْ وَتَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي الْأَمْرِ وَعَصَيْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا أَرَاكُمْ مَا تُحِبُّونَ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرِيدُ الدُّنْيَا وَمِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرِيدُ الْآخِرَةَ ثُمَّ صَرَفَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ لِيَبْتَلِيَكُمْ وَلَقَدْ عَفَا عَنْكُمْ وَاللَّهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَيْ وَقَدْ وَفَّيْتُ لَكُمْ بِمَا وَعَدْتُكُمْ مِنْ النَّصْرِ عَلَى عَدُوِّكُمْ، إذْ تُحِسُّونَهُمْ بِالسُّيُوفِ، أَيْ الْقَتْلِ، بِإِذْنِي وَتَسْلِيطِي أَيْدِيكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَكَفَّى أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْحَسُّ: الِاسْتِئْصَالُ: يُقَالُ: حَسَسْتُ الشَّيْءَ: أَيْ اسْتَأْصَلْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَغَيْرِهِ. قَالَ جَرِيرٌ: تَحُسُّهُمْ السُّيُوفُ كَمَا تَسَامَى حَرِيقُ النَّارِ فِي الْأَجَمِ الْحَصِيدِ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ. وَقَالَ رُؤْبَةُ بْنُ الْعَجَّاجِ إذَا شَكَوْنَا سَنَةً حَسُوسا تَأْكُلُ بَعْدَ الْأَخْضَرِ الْيَبِيسَا وَهَذَانِ الْبَيْتَانِ فِي أُرْجُوزَةٍ لَهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: حَتَّى إِذَا فَشِلْتُمْ أَيْ تَخَاذَلْتُمْ وَتَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي الْأَمْرِ أَيْ اخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي أَمْرِي، أَيْ تَرَكْتُمْ أَمْرَ نَبِيِّكُمْ وَمَا عَهِدَ إلَيْكُمْ، يَعْنِي الرُّمَاةَ وَعَصَيْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا أَرَاكُمْ مَا تُحِبُّونَ أَيْ الْفَتْحُ، لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ، وَهَزِيمَةُ الْقَوْمِ عَنْ نِسَائِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ، مِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرِيدُ الدُّنْيَا أَيْ الَّذِينَ أَرَادُوا النَّهْبَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَتَرْكَ مَا أُمِرُوا بِهِ مِنْ الطَّاعَةِ الَّتِي عَلَيْهَا ثَوَابُ الْآخِرَةِ وَمِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرِيدُ الْآخِرَةَ أَيْ الَّذِينَ جَاهَدُوا فِي اللَّهِ، وَلَمْ يُخَالِفُوا إلَى مَا نُهُوا عَنْهُ، لِعَرَضٍ مِنْ الدُّنْيَا، رَغْبَةً فِيهَا، رَجَاءَ مَا عِنْدِ اللَّهِ مِنْ حُسْنِ ثَوَابِهِ فِي الْآخِرَةِ؛ أَيْ الَّذِينَ جَاهَدُوا فِي الدِّينِ وَلَمْ يُخَالِفُوا إلَى مَا نُهُوا عَنْهُ، لِعَرَضِ مِنْ الدُّنْيَا، لِيَخْتَبِرَكُمْ، وَذَلِكَ بِبَعْضِ ذُنُوبِكُمْ، وَلَقَدْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْ عَظِيمِ ذَلِكَ، أَنْ لَا يُهْلِكَكُمْ بِمَا أَتَيْتُمْ مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ نَبِيِّكُمْ، وَلَكِنِّي عُدْتُ بِفَضْلِي عَلَيْكُمْ، وَكَذَلِكَ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْ عَاقَبَ بِبَعْضِ الذُّنُوبِ فِي عَاجِلِ الدُّنْيَا أَدَبًا وَمَوْعِظَةً، فَإِنَّهُ غَيْرُ مُسْتَأْصِلٍ لِكُلِّ مَا فِيهِمْ مِنْ الْحَقِّ لَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ، بِمَا أَصَابُوا مِنْ مَعْصِيَتِهِ، رَحْمَةً لَهُمْ، وَعَائِدَةً عَلَيْهِمْ، لِمَا فِيهِمْ مِنْ الْإِيمَانِ
Translation
✧ [His warning to them against obeying the disbelievers] “O you who believe, if you obey those who disbelieve, they will turn you back on your heels, and you will turn back losers” — that is, from your enemy, so your worldly life and your hereafter will be lost. “Rather, Allah is your protector, and He is the best of helpers.” If what you say with your tongues is true in your hearts, then hold fast to Him, and do not seek help from other than Him, and do not turn back on your heels, apostatizing from His religion. “We will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve” — that is, the terror by which I was helping you against them — “because they associated with Me that for which I have not sent down any authority,” so do not think that they will have any outcome of victory or triumph over you as long as you hold fast to Me and follow My command — on account of the affliction that befell you from them because of sins you had committed against yourselves, by which you opposed My command through disobedience, and by which you disobeyed the Prophet ﷺ. “And Allah had certainly fulfilled His promise to you when you were slaying them by His permission, until, when you lost heart and disputed about the command and disobeyed after He had shown you that which you love. Among you are some who desire this world, and among you are some who desire the Hereafter. Then He turned you away from them to test you; and He has certainly forgiven you. And Allah is full of bounty to the believers” — that is, I have fulfilled for you what I promised you of victory over your enemy, when you were slaying them with swords, that is, killing, by My permission and My empowering your hands over them, and He restrained their hands from you. Ibn Hishām said: al-ḥass means extermination; one says “ḥasastu al-shayʾ,” that is, I exterminated it with the sword or otherwise. Jarīr said: “The swords slay them as the fire of burning spreads through the thicket of dried reeds.” This verse is in an ode of his. And Ruʾbah b. al-ʿAjjāj said: “When we complain of a year that is ḥasūs, eating after the green the dry.” These two verses are in a rajaz poem of his. Ibn Isḥāq said: “until, when you lost heart,” that is, you deserted one another and disputed about the command, that is, you differed concerning My command, that is, you abandoned the command of your Prophet and what he had charged you with, meaning the archers, “and disobeyed after He had shown you that which you love,” that is, the victory, about which there is no doubt, and the rout of the people from their women and property. “Among you are some who desire this world,” that is, those who desired the spoil in this world and abandoned what they were commanded of obedience, upon which lies the reward of the Hereafter. “And among you are some who desire the Hereafter,” that is, those who strove for Allah and did not turn aside to what they were forbidden from, for an advantage of this world, out of desire for it, hoping for what is with Allah of the excellence of His reward in the Hereafter; that is, those who strove in religion and did not turn aside to what they were forbidden from, for an advantage of this world — to test you, and that for some of your sins; “and He has certainly forgiven you” the great part of that, that He does not destroy you for the disobedience you committed against your Prophet, but I have returned with My bounty upon you. Likewise Allah bestowed favor on the believers, that He punishes for some sins in the present world as a discipline and admonition; for He does not utterly destroy all the right they have against Him by the disobedience they committed, as a mercy to them and a return upon them, because of the faith that is in them.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.