Tarikh (al-Tabari) 961
The Great Expedition of Badr
مَنَامِ عَاتِكَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَوَى ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَالْحَاكِمُ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ مِنْ طَرِيقِ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. وَمُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، وَابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ. وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالُوا: رَأَتْ عَاتِكَةُ بِنْتُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فِيمَا يَرَى النَّائِمُ -قَبْلَ مَقْدَمِ ضَمْضَمٍ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ بِثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ- رُؤْيَا، فَأَصْبَحَتْ عَاتِكَةُ فَأَعْظَمَتْهَا، فَبَعَثَتْ إِلَى أَخِيهَا الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا أَخِي، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ اللَّيْلَةَ رُؤْيَا أَفْظَعَتْنِي، لَيَدْخُلَنَّ عَلَى قَوْمِكَ مِنْهَا شَرٌّ وَبَلَاءٌ! فَقَالَ: وَمَا هِيَ ؟ قَالَتْ: لَنْ أُحَدِّثَكَ حَتَّى تُعَاهِدَنِي أَنَّكَ لَا تَذْكُرُهَا، فَإِنَّهُمْ إِنْ سَمِعُوهَا آذَوْنَا وَأَسْمَعُونَا مَا لَا نُحِبُّ، فَعَاهَدَهَا الْعَبَّاسُ، فَقَالَتْ: رَأَيْتُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَقْبَلَ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ فَوْقَ الْأَبْطَحِ، فَصَاحَ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ: انْفِرُوا يَا آلَ غُدَرَ لِمَصَارِعِكُمْ فِي ثَلَاثٍ، وَصَاحَ ثَلَاثَ صَيْحَاتٍ فَأَرَى النَّاسَ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ بَعِيرَهُ دَخَلَ بِهِ الْمَسْجِدَ، وَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ، ثُمَّ مَثَلَ بِهِ بِعِيرُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَصَاحَ ثَلَاثَ صَيْحَاتٍ فَقَالَ: انْفِرُوا يَا آلَ غُدَرَ لِمَصَارِعِكُمْ فِي ثَلَاثٍ، ثُمَّ أَرَى بِعِيرَهُ مَثَلَ بِهِ عَلَى رَأْسِ أَبِي قُبَيْسٍ فَقَالَ: انْفِرُوا يَا آلَ غُدَرَ لِمَصَارِعِكُمْ فِي ثَلَاثٍ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ صَخْرَةً عَظِيمَةً فَنَزَعَهَا مِنْ أَصْلِهَا فَأَرْسَلَهَا مِنْ رَأَسِ الْجَبَلِ، فَأَقْبَلَتِ الصَّخْرَةُ تَهْوِي لَهَا حِسٌّ شَدِيدٌ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَتْ فِي أَسْفَلِ الْجَبَلِ ارْتَضَّتْ فَمَا بَقِيَتْ دَارٌ مِنْ دُورِ قَوْمِكَ وَلَا بَيْتٌ إِلَّا دَخَلَ فِيهِ فِلْقَةٌ، فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذِهِ لَرُؤْيَا فَاكْتُمِيهَا. قَالَتْ: وَأَنْتَ فَاكْتُمْهَا، لَئِنْ بَلَغَتْ هَذِهِ قُرَيْشًا لَيُؤْذُونَنَا، فَخَرَجَ الْعَبَّاسُ مِنْ عِنْدِهَا فَلَقِيَ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ فَتَحَدَّثَ بِهَا، وَفَشَا الْحَدِيثُ بِمَكَّةَ، حَتَّى تَحَدَّثَتْ بِهِ قُرَيْشٌ فِي أَنْدِيَتِهَا. قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: فَغَدَوْتُ لِأَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَأَبُو جَهْلٍ فِي رَهْطٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ قُعُودٌ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ لِرُؤْيَا عَاتِكَةَ، فَلَمَّا رَآنِي قَالَ لِي أَبُو جَهْلٍ: يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ: مَتَى حَدَثَتْ فِيكُمْ هَذِهِ النَّبِيَّةُ ؟ قُلْتُ: وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ قَالَ: رُؤْيَا عَاتِكَةَ. قُلْتُ: وَمَا رَأَتْ ؟ قَالَ: مَا رَضِيتُمْ يَا بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَنْ يَتَنَبَّأَ رِجَالُكُمْ حَتَّى تَتَنَبَّأَ نِسَاؤُكُمْ. وَلَفْظُ ابْنِ عُقْبَةَ: أَمَا رَضِيتُمْ يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ بِكَذِبِ الرِّجَالِ حَتَّى جِئْتُمُونَا بِكَذِبِ النِّسَاءِ، إِنَّا كُنَّا وَإِيَّاكُمْ كَفَرَسَيْ رِهَانٍ، فَاسْتَبَقْنَا الْمَجْدَ مُنْذُ حِينٍ، فَلَمَّا تَحَاكَتِ الرُّكَبُ قُلْتُمْ: مِنَّا نَبِيٌّ، فَمَا بَقِيَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولُوا: مِنَّا نَبِيَّةٌ، فَمَا أَعْلَمُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ أَهْلَ بَيْتٍ أَكْذَبَ امْرَأَةً وَلَا رَجُلًا مِنْكُمْ -وَآذَاهُ أَشَدَّ الْأَذَى- قَدْ زَعَمَتْ عَاتِكَةُ فِي رُؤْيَاهَا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: انْفِرُوا فِي ثَلَاثٍ، فَسَنَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمْ هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثَ، فَإِنْ يَكُ حَقًّا مَا تَقُولُ فَسَيَكُونُ، وَإِنْ تَمْضِ الثَّلَاثُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ كِتَابًا أَنَّكُمْ أَكْذَبُ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ فِي الْعَرَبِ. قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: فَوَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ مِنِّي إِلَيْهِ كَبِيرُ شَيْءٍ، إِلَّا أَنِّي جَحَدْتُ ذَلِكَ، وَأَنْكَرْتُ أَنْ تَكُونَ عَاتِكَةُ رَأَتْ شَيْئًا. وَعِنْدَ ابْنِ عُقْبَةَ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ أَنَّ الْعَبَّاسَ قَالَ لِأَبِي جَهْلٍ: هَلْ أَنْتَ مُنْتَهٍ ؟ فَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ فِيكَ وَفِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ، فَقَالَ مَنْ حَضَرَهَا: مَا كُنْتَ جَهُولًا يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ وَلَا خَرِقًا، وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَائِذٍ، وَزَادَ: فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: مَهْلًا يَا مُصَفِّرَ اسْتِهِ. وَلَقِيَ الْعَبَّاسُ مِنْ عَاتِكَةَ أَذًى شَدِيدًا حِينَ أَفْشَى حَدِيثَهَا لِهَذَا الْفَاسِقِ. قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: فَلَمَّا أَمْسَيْتُ لَمْ تَبْقَ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ إِلَّا أَتَتْنِي فَقَالَتْ: أَقْرَرْتُمْ لِهَذَا الْفَاسِقِ الْخَبِيثِ أَنْ يَقَعَ فِي رِجَالِكُمْ، ثُمَّ قَدْ تَنَاوَلَ نِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَنْتَ تَسْتَمِعُ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَكَ كَبِيرُ شَيْءٍ مِمَّا سَمِعْتَ، قُلْتُ: قَدْ وَاللَّهِ فَعَلْتُ، مَا كَانَ مِنِّي إِلَيْهِ كَبِيرُ شَيْءٍ، وَايْمُ اللَّهِ لَأَتَعَرَّضَنَّ لَهُ، فَإِنْ عَادَ لَأَكْفِيكُنَّهُ قَالَ: فَغَدَوْتُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ مِنْ رُؤْيَا عَاتِكَةَ وَأَنَا حَدِيدٌ مُغْضَبٌ، أَرَى أَنِّي قَدْ فَاتَنِي مِنْ عَدُوِّ اللَّهِ أَمْرٌ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أُدْرِكَهُ مِنْهُ، قَالَ: فَدَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَرَأَيْتُهُ، فَوَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَمْشِي نَحْوَهُ أَتَعَرَّضُهُ لِيَعُودَ لِبَعْضِ مَا قَالَ فَأَقَعَ بِهِ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا خَفِيفًا، حَدِيدَ الْوَجْهِ، حَدِيدَ اللِّسَانِ، حَدِيدَ النَّظَرِ، قَالَ: إِذْ خَرَجَ نَحْوَ بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ يَشْتَدُّ، قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي: مَا لَهُ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ أَكُلُّ هَذَا فَرَقٌ مِنْ أَنْ أُشَاتِمَهُ ؟ ! قَالَ: وَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ سَمِعَ مَا لَمْ أَسْمَعْ، صَوْتَ ضَمْضَمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْغِفَارِيِّ وَهُوَ يَصْرُخُ بِبَطْنِ الْوَادِي وَاقِفًا عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ قَدْ جَدَعَ بِعِيرَهُ، وَحَوَّلَ رَحْلَهُ، وَشَقَّ قَمِيصَهُ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ يَا آلَ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبٍ، اللَّطِيمَةَ اللَّطِيمَةَ، أَمْوَالُكُمْ مَعَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ قَدْ عَرَضَ لَهَا مُحَمَّدٌ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ، لَا أَرَى أَنْ تُدْرِكُوهَا، الْغَوْثَ الْغَوْثَ، وَاللَّهِ مَا أَرَى أَنْ تُدْرِكُوهَا، فَفَزِعَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَشَدَّ الْفَزَعِ، وَأَشْفَقُوا مِنْ رُؤْيَا عَاتِكَةَ، فَشَغَلَهُ ذَلِكَ عَنِّي، وَشَغَلَنِي عَنْهُ مَا جَاءَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ. وَقَالَتْ عَاتِكَةُ: أَلَمْ تَكُنِ الرُّؤْيَا بِحَقٍّ وَجَاءَكُمْ بِتَصْدِيقِهَا فَلٌّ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ هَارِبُ فَقُلْتُمْ -وَلَمْ أَكْذِبْ-: كَذَبْتِ وَإِنَّمَا يُكَذِّبُنَا بِالصِّدْقِ مَنْ هُوَ كَاذِبُ .
Translation
✧ The Dream of ʿĀtikah bt. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib Ibn Isḥāq, al-Ḥākim, and al-Bayhaqī narrated from the route of ʿIkrimah, from Ibn ʿAbbās. Mūsā b. ʿUqbah and Ibn Isḥāq narrated from ʿUrwah. Al-Bayhaqī narrated from Ibn Shihāb. They said: ʿĀtikah bt. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib saw, as the sleeper sees, three nights before Ḍamḍam's arrival to Quraysh, a dream. ʿĀtikah woke up and was greatly alarmed by it. She sent for her brother al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib and said to him: "O my brother, last night I saw a dream that terrified me. Evil and affliction will surely befall your people from it!" He said: "What is it?" She said: "I will not tell you until you promise me that you will not mention it, for if they hear it they will harm us and make us hear what we do not like." Al-ʿAbbās promised her. She said: "I saw a man approaching on a camel above al-Abṭaḥ. He shouted at the top of his voice: 'Set out, O family of Ghudar, to your places of slaughter in three days!' He shouted three cries. Then I saw the people gather around him. Then his camel entered the mosque with him, and the people gathered around him. Then his camel stood him up, and behold, he was on the top of the Kaʿbah. He shouted three cries and said: Set out, O family of Ghudar, to your places of slaughter in three days! Then I saw his camel stand him on the top of Abū Qubays, and he said: 'Set out, O family of Ghudar, to your places of slaughter in three days!' Then he took a great rock and uprooted it from its base, and hurled it from the top of the mountain. The rock came hurtling down with a mighty roar, until when it reached the bottom of the mountain it shattered, and there remained no dwelling of your people's dwellings, nor any house, but a fragment entered it. Al-ʿAbbās said: 'By God, this is indeed a dream; keep it hidden.' She said: 'And you keep it hidden too; if this reaches Quraysh they will harm us.' Al-ʿAbbās left her and met al-Walīd b. ʿUtbah and told him about it. The news spread in Makkah, until Quraysh spoke of it in their gatherings. Al-ʿAbbās said: I went in the morning to circumambulate the House, and Abū Jahl was sitting with a group of Quraysh, talking about the dream of ʿĀtikah. When he saw me, Abū Jahl said to me: 'O Banū ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, when did this prophetess appear among you?' I said: 'What is that?' He said: 'The dream of ʿĀtikah.' I said: 'What did she see?' He said: 'Are you not satisfied, O Banū ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, that your men should prophesy, until your women prophesy too?' Ibn ʿUqbah's wording: 'Are you not satisfied, O Banū Hāshim, with the lies of men, until you come to us with the lies of women? We and you were like two racehorses, and we have been competing for glory for a long time. When the knees drew level, you said: "From us is a prophet." Nothing remains but for you to say: "From us is a prophetess." I know no household in Quraysh more lying, woman or man, than you'—and he harmed him with the severest harm—'ʿĀtikah claimed in her dream that he said: "Set out in three days." We will wait with you for these three. If what you say is true, it will happen; and if the three pass and nothing of that occurs, we will write against you a document that you are the most lying household among the Arabs.' Al-ʿAbbās said: By God, I did nothing much to him, except that I denied it and denied that ʿĀtikah had seen anything. In Ibn ʿUqbah's account of this report, al-ʿAbbās said to Abū Jahl: 'Will you not stop? For lying is in you and in your household.' Those present said: 'You were not ignorant, O Abū al-Faḍl, nor reckless.' Ibn ʿĀʾidh said likewise, and added: Al-ʿAbbās said: 'Gently, O you with the yellowed buttocks.' And al-ʿAbbās suffered severe harm from ʿĀtikah when he divulged her talk to that wicked man. Al-ʿAbbās said: When evening came, there remained no woman of Banū ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib but came to me and said: 'You let that wicked, vile man insult your men, and then he attacked your women while you listened, and you did nothing much about what you heard.' I said: 'By God, I did, and I did nothing much to him. By God, I will confront him, and if he returns to it I will deal with him for you.' He said: I went in the morning of the third day after ʿĀtikah's dream, and I was iron-like, angry, thinking that I had missed from the enemy of God something I wished to get from him. He said: I entered the mosque and saw him. By God, I was walking toward him, confronting him so that he might return to some of what he had said, and I would fall upon him. He was a light man, sharp-faced, sharp-tongued, sharp-eyed. He said: Then he went out toward the gate of the mosque, hurrying. He said: I said to myself: What is wrong with him, may God curse him? Is all this from fear that I might revile him?! He said: And behold, he had heard what I had not heard—the voice of Ḍamḍam b. ʿAmr al-Ghifārī, crying out in the bottom of the valley, standing on his camel, having mutilated his camel, turned his saddle, torn his shirt, and saying: 'O people of Quraysh, O family of Luʾayy b. Ghālib, the caravan, the caravan! Your wealth is with Abū Sufyān; Muḥammad has confronted it with his companions. I do not think you will catch it. Help, help! By God, I do not think you will catch it.' Quraysh were terrified with the greatest terror, and they feared the dream of ʿĀtikah. That distracted him from me, and what had come of the matter distracted me from him. And ʿĀtikah said: Was not the dream true, and there came to you Affirming it, a fleeing remnant of the people? You said—and I did not lie—: 'You have lied,' but only He who is a liar belies us with the truth.
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