Tarikh (al-Tabari) 950
The Detachment of ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaḥsh ᴿᴬ (the Detachment of Nakhla)
سِرِّيَّةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْمُجَدَّعِ فِي اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَحْشٍ ؓ (سِرِّيَّةُ نَخْلَةَ) بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ جَحْشٍ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى بَطْنِ نَخْلَةَ، وَقَدْ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ كِتَابًا وَأَمَرَهُ أَلَّا يَنْظُرَ فِيهَا إِلَّا بَعْدَ أَنْ يَسِيرَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ، وَقَدْ أَرْسَلَ مَعَهُ ﷺ ثَمَانِيَةً مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ، وَقَدْ سُمِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ الْغَزْوَةِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَحْشٍ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَكَانَتْ رَايَتُهُ أَوَّلَ رَايَةٍ رُفِعَتْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ. فَسَارَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حَجْشٍ لَيْلَتَيْنِ وَفَتَحَ الْكِتَابَ، وَفِيهِ أَنْ يُخَيِّرَ أَصْحَابَهُ بَيْنَ الْمُضِيِّ مَعَهُمْ أَوِ الْعَوْدَةِ وَلَا يُكْرِهُ أَحَدًا وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِخَبَرِ عِيرٍ لِقُرَيْشٍ، فَمَضَى وَمَرَّتْ بِهِ عِيرٌ لِقُرَيْشٍ بِهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ تَحْمِلُ تِجَارَةً مِنْ تِجَارَةِ قُرَيْشٍ، وَكَانَ فِي آخِرِ يَوْمٍ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ وَاحْتَارَ الصَّحَابَةُ إِنْ تَرَكُوا الْعِيرَ وَلَمْ يُهَاجِمُوهُمْ سَيَدْخُلُونَ الْحَرَمَ الْمَكِّيَّ وَإِنْ هَاجَمُوهُمْ سَيَكُونُونَ قَدِ انْتَهَكُوا حُرْمَةَ الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ، فَانْعَقَدَ أَمْرُ الصَّحَابَةِ عَلَى مُقَاتَلَةِ الْقَوْمِ فَقَتَلُوا عَمْرَو بْنَ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ وَأَسَرُوا بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَفَرَّ الْبَعْضُ وَحَازُوا الْعِيرَ وَالتِّجَارَةَ وَخَمَّسَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَحْشٍ الْغَنِيمَةَ، وَيُقَالُ إِنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَالٍ خُمِّسَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ. وَلَمَّا عَلِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِمَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ أَنْكَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا فَعَلُوهُ، وَقَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدِ اسْتَحَلَّ الشَّهْرَ الْحَرَامَ، فَنَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ، فَفَرَّجَ عَنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَبَعَثَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فِي فِدَاءِ الْأَسْرَى.
Translation
✧ The Detachment of the Commander of the Believers, the one disfigured for the sake of Allah Most High, ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaḥsh ؓ (the Detachment of Nakhla) The Prophet ﷺ sent ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaḥsh in the second year of the Hijrah to the hollow of Nakhla. He had written a letter to him and commanded him not to look at it except after he had traveled for two nights. He ﷺ sent with him eight of the Emigrants. In this expedition ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaḥsh was named Commander of the Believers, and his banner was the first banner raised in Islam. ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaḥsh traveled for two nights and opened the letter. In it was that he should give his companions the choice between proceeding with him or returning, and he should not compel anyone. He commanded him to bring news of a caravan of Quraysh. He proceeded, and a caravan of Quraysh passed by him, in which was ʿAmr b. al-Ḥaḍramī, carrying merchandise of Quraysh's trade. It was on the last day of the sacred month, and the companions were uncertain: if they left the caravan and did not attack them, they would enter the Makkan sanctuary; and if they attacked them, they would have violated the sanctity of the sacred month. The companions' decision settled on fighting the people, and they killed ʿAmr b. al-Ḥaḍramī, captured some of his companions, and some fled. They seized the caravan and the merchandise, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Jaḥsh set aside a fifth of the booty. It is said that it was the first wealth from which a fifth was taken in Islam. When the Prophet ﷺ learned of what they had done, he disapproved of their action. Quraysh said that Muḥammad had made the sacred month lawful. Then the Qurʾān came down refuting them in that matter, and it relieved the Muslims. Quraysh sent for the ransom of the captives.
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