Tarikh (al-Tabari) 927
Some matters that occurred between the Messenger ﷺ and the Jews, Christians, and hypocrites in al-Madinah al-Munawwarah
[ مَا نَزَلَ مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ فِي خَلْقِ عِيسَى ] ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ لَهُمْ أَمْرَ عِيسَى ( عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ )، وَكَيْفَ كَانَ بَدْءُ مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهِ، فَقُلْ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَى آدَمَ وَنُوحًا وَآلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَآلَ عِمْرَانَ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ ذُرِّيَّةً بَعْضُهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ أَمْرَ امْرَأَةِ عِمْرَانَ، وَقَوْلَهَا: رَبِّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَكَ مَا فِي بَطْنِي مُحَرَّرًا أَيْ نَذَرْتُهُ فَجَعَلْتُهُ عَتِيقًا، تَعَبُّدُهُ لِلَّهِ، لَا يَنْتَفِعُ بِهِ لِشَيْءٍ مِنْ الدُّنْيَا فَتَقَبَّلْ مِنِّي إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْهَا قَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَضَعْتُهَا أُنْثَى وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا وَضَعَتْ وَلَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثَى أَيْ لَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنْثَى لِمَا جَعَلْتهَا مُحَرَّرًا لَكَ نَذِيرَةً وَإِنِّي سَمَّيْتُهَا مَرْيَمَ وَإِنِّي أُعِيذُهَا بِكَ وَذُرِّيَّتَهَا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: فَتَقَبَّلَهَا رَبُّهَا بِقَبُولٍ حَسَنٍ وَأَنْبَتَهَا نَبَاتًا حَسَنًا وَكَفَّلَهَا زَكَرِيَّا بَعْدَ أَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: كَفَّلَهَا: ضَمَّهَا. [ خَبَرُ زَكَرِيَّا وَمَرْيَمَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَذَكَّرَهَا بِالْيُتْمِ، ثُمَّ قَصَّ خَبَرَهَا وَخَبَرَ زَكَرِيَّا، وَمَا دَعَا بِهِ، وَمَا أَعْطَاهُ إذْ وَهَبَ لَهُ يَحْيَى. ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مَرْيَمَ، وَقَوْلَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ لَهَا: يَا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَاكِ وَطَهَّرَكِ وَاصْطَفَاكِ عَلَى نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِينَ يَا مَرْيَمُ اقْنُتِي لِرَبِّكِ وَاسْجُدِي وَارْكَعِي مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الْغَيْبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ أَيْ مَا كُنْتَ مَعَهُمْ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلَامَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ [ كَفَالَةُ جُرَيْجٍ الرَّاهِبِ لِمَرْيَمَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: كَفَّلَهَا هَاهُنَا جُرَيْجٌ الرَّاهِبُ، رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي إسْرَائِيلَ نَجَّارٌ، خَرَجَ السَّهْمُ عَلَيْهِ بِحَمْلِهَا، فَحَمَلَهَا، وَكَانَ زَكَرِيَّا قَدْ كَفَّلَهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَأَصَابَتْ بَنِي إسْرَائِيلَ أَزْمَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، فَعَجَزَ زَكَرِيَّا عَنْ حَمْلِهَا، فَاسْتَهَمُوا عَلَيْهَا أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُهَا فَخَرَجَ السَّهْمُ عَلَى جُرَيْجٍ الرَّاهِبِ بِكُفُولِهَا فَكَفَلَهَا. وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ أَيْ مَا كُنْتَ مَعَهُمْ إذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ فِيهَا. يُخْبِرُهُ بِخَفِيِّ مَا كَتَمُوا مِنْهُ مِنْ الْعِلْمِ عِنْدَهُمْ، لِتَحْقِيقِ نُبُوَّتِهِ وَالْحُجَّةِ عَلَيْهِمْ بِمَا يَأْتِيهِمْ بِهِ مِمَّا أَخْفَوْا مِنْهُ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِذْ قَالَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَا مَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبَشِّرُكِ بِكَلِمَةٍ مِنْهُ اسْمُهُ الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ أَيْ هَكَذَا كَانَ أَمْرُهُ، لَا كَمَا تَقُولُونَ فِيهِ وَجِيهًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ أَيْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ وَيُكَلِّمُ النَّاسَ فِي الْمَهْدِ وَكَهْلًا وَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ يُخْبِرُهُمْ بِحَالَاتِهِ الَّتِي يَتَقَلَّبُ فِيهَا فِي عُمْرِهِ، كَتَقَلُّبِ بَنِي آدَمَ فِي أَعْمَارِهِمْ، صِغَارًا وَكِبَارًا، إلَّا أَنَّ اللَّهَ خَصَّهُ بِالْكَلَامِ فِي مَهْدِهِ آيَةً لِنُبُوَّتِهِ، وَتَعْرِيفًا لِلْعِبَادِ بِمَوَاقِعِ قُدْرَتِهِ. قَالَتْ رَبِّ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لِي وَلَدٌ وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ ؟ قَالَ كَذَلِكِ اللَّهِ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ أَيْ يَصْنَعُ مَا أَرَادَ، وَيَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ مِنْ بَشَرٍ أَوْ غَيْرِ بَشَرٍ إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُ كُنْ مِمَّا يَشَاءُ وَكَيْفَ شَاءَ، فَيَكُونُ كَمَا أَرَادَ.
Translation
✧ [ What was revealed of the Qurʾān concerning the creation of ʿĪsā ] Then he faced them regarding the matter of ʿĪsā ﷺ, and how the beginning of what Allah willed for him was. Say: “Indeed Allah chose Ādam and Nūḥ and the family of Ibrāhīm and the family of ʿImrān above the worlds, offspring, one of them from another; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing.” Then He mentioned the matter of the wife of ʿImrān and her saying: “My Lord, indeed I have vowed to You what is in my womb, consecrated” — meaning I vowed it and made it a freed one, devoted to worshipping Allah, not to be used for anything of this world — “so accept from me; indeed You are the Hearing, the Knowing.” When she gave birth to her, she said, “My Lord, I have given birth to a female” — and Allah knew best what she had given birth to — “and the male is not like the female,” meaning the male is not like the female for what I made her consecrated to You as a vowed one, “and I have named her Maryam, and I seek refuge for her in You and for her offspring from Satan the accursed.” Allah, blessed and exalted, says: “So her Lord accepted her with good acceptance and caused her to grow in a good manner and put her in the care of Zakariyyā” after her father and mother. Ibn Hishām said: kaffalahā means he took charge of her. [ The account of Zakariyyā and Maryam ] Ibn Isḥāq said: He reminded her of the orphanhood, then related her story and the story of Zakariyyā, what he supplicated for, and what He granted him when He bestowed Yaḥyā upon him. Then He mentioned Maryam and the saying of the angels to her: “O Maryam, indeed Allah has chosen you and purified you and chosen you above the women of the worlds. O Maryam, be devoutly obedient to your Lord and prostrate and bow with those who bow.” Allah, mighty and majestic, says: “That is from the news of the unseen which We reveal to you, and you were not with them” — meaning you were not with them — “when they cast their pens as to which of them should take charge of Maryam.” [ The sponsorship of Jurayj the monk for Maryam ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Here Jurayj the monk, a man from the Children of Israel, a carpenter, took charge of her. The lot fell upon him to carry her, so he carried her. Zakariyyā had taken charge of her before that, but a severe famine struck the Children of Israel, and Zakariyyā became unable to carry her, so they cast lots over her as to which of them should take charge of her, and the lot fell upon Jurayj the monk to sponsor her, so he took charge of her. “And you were not with them when they disputed” — meaning you were not with them when they disputed concerning her. He informs him of the hidden knowledge they concealed among themselves, to confirm his prophethood and as a proof against them through what he brings them of what they had hidden of it. Then He said: “When the angels said, ‘O Maryam, indeed Allah gives you good tidings of a word from Him, whose name is the Messiah, ʿĪsā son of Maryam’” — meaning thus was his affair, not as you say concerning him — “distinguished in this world and the Hereafter” — meaning with Allah — “and among those brought near. And he will speak to the people in the cradle and in maturity and will be of the righteous.” He informs them of the states through which he passes in his lifetime, like the passing of the children of Ādam in their lifetimes, young and old, except that Allah singled him out with speech in his cradle as a sign of his prophethood and to make known to the servants the places of His power. She said, “My Lord, how can I have a child when no man has touched me?” He said, “Thus does Allah create what He wills” — meaning He does what He intends and creates what He wills, whether human or other than human. When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, “Be,” of whatever He wills and however He wills, and it is as He intended.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.