Tarikh (al-Tabari) 914
Some matters that occurred between the Messenger ﷺ and the Jews, Christians, and hypocrites in al-Madinah al-Munawwarah
قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ رِجَالٌ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُوَاصِلُونَ رِجَالًا مِنْ الْيَهُودِ، لِمَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ مِنْ الْجِوَارِ وَالْحِلْفِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ يَنْهَاهُمْ عَنْ مُبَاطَنَتِهِمْ: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا بِطَانَةً مِنْ دُونِكُمْ لَا يَأْلُونَكُمْ خَبَالًا وَدُّوا مَا عَنِتُّمْ قَدْ بَدَتِ الْبَغْضَاءُ مِنْ أَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَمَا تُخْفِي صُدُورُهُمْ أَكْبَرُ قَدْ بَيَّنَّا لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ هَا أَنْتُمْ أُولَاءِ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ وَلَا يُحِبُّونَكُمْ وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكِتَابِ كُلِّهِ أَيْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِكِتَابِكُمْ، وَبِمَا مَضَى مِنْ الْكُتُبِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَهُمْ يَكْفُرُونَ بِكِتَابِكُمْ، فَأَنْتُمْ كُنْتُمْ أَحَقَّ بِالْبَغْضَاءِ لَهُمْ مِنْهُمْ لَكُمْ وَإِذَا لَقُوكُمْ قَالُوا آمَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوْا عَضُّوا عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَنَامِلَ مِنَ الْغَيْظِ قُلْ مُوتُوا بِغَيْظِكُمْ إلَى آخِرِ الْقِصَّةِ. [ نَهْيُهُ تَعَالَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَنْ مُوَادَّتِهِمْ ] وَكَانَ رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ التَّابُوتِ، وَسُوَيْدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ قَدْ أَظْهَرَا الْإِسْلَامَ وَنَافَقَا فَكَانَ رِجَالٌ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُوَادُّونَهُمَا. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمَا: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا دِينَكُمْ هُزُوًا وَلَعِبًا مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ وَالْكُفَّارَ أَوْلِيَاءَ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ إلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَإِذَا جَاءُوكُمْ قَالُوا آمَنَّا وَقَدْ دَخَلُوا بِالْكُفْرِ وَهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُوا بِهِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْتُمُونَ
Translation
✧ Ibn Isḥāq said: There were men among the Muslims who kept close ties with men among the Jews because of the neighborliness and alliance between them. So God Almighty revealed concerning them, prohibiting them from taking them as intimates: “O you who believe, do not take as intimates those other than yourselves; they will not spare any effort to ruin you. They wish you to suffer. Hatred has already appeared from their mouths, and what their breasts conceal is greater. We have made clear to you the signs, if you understand. Here you are, you love them, but they do not love you, and you believe in the whole Book”—that is, you believe in your Book and in the scriptures that came before it, while they disbelieve in your Book, so you are more entitled to hate them than they are to hate you. “And when they meet you, they say, ‘We believe,’ but when they are alone, they bite their fingertips at you in rage. Say, ‘Die in your rage’” to the end of the story. [His prohibition, exalted is He, to the believers against befriending them] Rifāʿah b. Zayd b. al-Tābūt and Suwayd b. al-Ḥārith had professed Islam and acted as hypocrites. Some men among the Muslims used to befriend them. So God Almighty revealed concerning the two of them: “O you who believe, do not take as allies those who have taken your religion in mockery and play, from among those who were given the Book before you and the disbelievers. And fear God, if you are believers” up to His saying: “And when they come to you, they say, ‘We believe,’ but they entered with disbelief and they left with it. And God knows best what they conceal.”
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