Tarikh (al-Tabari) 876
The Prophet's emigration ﷺ
مَوْتِ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ أَسْعَدَ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ عُدَسِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ غَنْمِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ أَحَدِ النُّقَبَاءِ الِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ لَيْلَةَ الْعَقَبَةَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ، وَقَدْ شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَاتِ الثَّلَاثَ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ بَايَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَيْلَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ فِي قَوْلٍ، وَكَانَ شَابًّا، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ جَمَّعَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي نَقِيعَ الْخَضِمَاتِ فِي هَزْمِ النَّبِيتِ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَهَلَكَ فِي تِلْكَ الْأَشْهُرِ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ، وَالْمَسْجِدُ يُبْنَى، أَخَذَتْهُ الذُّبْحَةُ أَوِ الشَّهْقَةُ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ فِي " التَّارِيخِ ": أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى، ثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَوَى أَسْعَدَ بْنَ زُرَارَةَ فِي الشَّوْكَةِ. رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَسْعَدَ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " بِئْسَ الْمَيِّتُ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ لِيَهُودَ وَمُنَافِقِي الْعَرَبِ; يَقُولُونَ: لَوْ كَانَ نَبِيًّا لَمْ يَمُتْ صَاحِبُهُ. وَلَا أَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِي وَلَا لِصَاحِبِي مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا ". وَهَذَا يَقْتَضِي أَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ مَاتَ بَعْدَ مَقْدَمِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ . وَقَدْ زَعَمَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ ابْنُ الْأَثِيرِ فِي " أُسْدِ الْغَابَةِ ": أَنَّهُ مَاتَ فِي شَوَّالٍ بَعْدَ مَقْدَمِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِسَبْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَذَكَرَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، أَنَّ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقِيمَ لَهُمْ نَقِيبًا بَعْدَ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ أَسْعَدَ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، فَقَالَ: " أَنْتُمْ أَخْوَالِي، وَأَنَا بِمَا فِيكُمْ وَأَنَا نَقِيبُكُمْ ". وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَخُصَّ بِهَا بَعْضَهُمْ دُونَ بَعْضٍ. فَكَانَ مِنْ فَضْلِ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ الَّذِي يَعْتَدُّونَ بِهِ عَلَى قَوْمِهِمْ، أَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَقِيبَهُمْ. قَالَ ابْنُ الْأَثِيرِ: وَهَذَا يَرُدُّ قَوْلَ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ وَابْنِ مَنْدَهْ، فِي قَوْلِهِمَا: إِنَّ أَسْعَدَ بْنَ زُرَارَةَ كَانَ نَقِيبًا عَلَى بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ. إِنَّمَا كَانَ عَلَى بَنِي النَّجَّارِ. وَصَدَقَ ابْنُ الْأَثِيرِ فِيمَا قَالَ. وَقَدْ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرِ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ فِي " التَّارِيخِ ": كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ تُوَفِّي بَعْدَ مَقْدَمِهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ الْمَدِينَةَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ - فِيمَا ذُكِرَ - صَاحِبُ مَنْزِلِهِ كُلْثُومُ بْنُ الْهِدْمِ، لَمْ يَلْبَثْ بَعْدَ مَقْدَمِهِ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى مَاتَ، ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ بَعْدَهُ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ، وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ فِي سَنَةِ مَقْدَمِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَفْرَغَ بِنَاءُ الْمَسْجِدِ بِالذُّبْحَةِ أَوِ الشَّهْقَةِ. قُلْتُ: وَكُلْثُومُ بْنُ الْهِدْمِ بْنِ امْرِئِ الْقَيْسِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَوْفِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْأَوْسِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ الْأَوْسِيُّ، وَهُوَ مِنْ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ، وَكَانَ شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا أَسْلَمَ قَبْلَ مَقْدَمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَنَزَلَ بِقُبَاءَ، نَزَلَ فِي مَنْزِلِ هَذَا فِي اللَّيْلِ، وَكَانَ يَتَحَدَّثُ بِالنَّهَارِ مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي مَنْزِلِ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ ؓ إِلَى أَنِ ارْتَحَلَ إِلَى دَارِ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ. قَالَ ابْنُ الْأَثِيرِ: وَقَدْ قِيلَ: إِنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ مَاتَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَعْدَ مَقْدَمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، ثُمَّ بَعْدَهُ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ. ذَكَرَهُ الطَّبَرِيُّ.
Translation
✧ The death of Abu Umamah Asʿad b. Zurarah b. ʿUdas b. ʿUbayd b. Thaʿlabah b. Ghanm b. Malik b. al-Najjar, one of the twelve chiefs on the night of ʿAqabah over his people Banu al-Najjar. He had witnessed the three ʿAqabahs, and he was the first to give allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the night of the second ʿAqabah according to one report. He was a young man, and he was the first to lead the Friday prayer in Madinah at Naqiʿ al-Khadimat in Hazm al-Nabit, as has been mentioned earlier. Muhammad b. Ishaq said: In those months Abu Umamah Asʿad b. Zurarah died while the mosque was being built; he was seized by quinsy or a choking spasm. Ibn Jarir said in al-Tarikh: Muhammad b. ʿAbd al-Aʿla informed us, Yazid b. Zurayʿ narrated to us, from Maʿmar, from al-Zuhri, from Anas, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cauterized Asʿad b. Zurarah for a thorn wound. Its narrators are trustworthy. Ibn Ishaq said: ʿAbd Allah b. Abi Bakr b. Muhammad b. ʿAmr b. Hazm narrated to me, from Yahya b. ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAbd al-Rahman b. Asʿad b. Zurarah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "What a bad dead man Abu Umamah is for the Jews and the hypocrites among the Arabs; they say: If he were a prophet, his companion would not have died. I have no power over myself or my companion from Allah in anything." This implies that he was the first to die after the Prophet's arrival ﷺ. Abu al-Hasan Ibn al-Athir claimed in Usd al-Ghabah that he died in Shawwal, seven months after the Prophet's arrival ﷺ. But Allah knows best. Muhammad b. Ishaq mentioned, from ʿAsim b. ʿUmar b. Qatadah, that Banu al-Najjar asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to appoint a chief for them after Abu Umamah Asʿad b. Zurarah. He said: "You are my maternal uncles, and I am among you, and I am your chief." He disliked to single out some of them over others. Thus it was among the merits of Banu al-Najjar that they counted over their people that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was their chief. Ibn al-Athir said: This refutes the statement of Abu Nuʿaym and Ibn Mandah in their saying that Asʿad b. Zurarah was chief over Banu Saʿidah. He was only over Banu al-Najjar. Ibn al-Athir spoke truth in what he said. Abu Jaʿfar Ibn Jarir said in al-Tarikh: The first Muslim to die after his arrival ﷺ in Madinah was, as mentioned, the owner of his house Kulthum b. al-Hidm. He did not remain after his arrival except a short while until he died. Then after him Asʿad b. Zurarah died, and his death was in the year of his arrival before the construction of the mosque was completed, from quinsy or a choking spasm. I say: Kulthum b. al-Hidm b. Imriʾ al-Qays b. al-Harith b. Zayd b. ʿUbayd b. Zayd b. Malik b. ʿAwf b. ʿAmr b. ʿAwf b. Malik b. al-Aws al-Ansari al-Awsi, and he was of Banu ʿAmr b. ʿAwf. He was a very old man who embraced Islam before the arrival of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Madinah. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Madinah and stopped at Qubaʾ, he stayed in this man's house at night, and he would converse during the day with his companions in the house of Saʿd b. al-Rabiʿ ؓ until he departed to the dwellings of Banu al-Najjar, as has been mentioned earlier. Ibn al-Athir said: It has been said that he was the first Muslim to die after the arrival of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then after him Asʿad b. Zurarah. Al-Tabari mentioned this.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.