Tarikh (al-Tabari) 867
The Prophet's emigration ﷺ
[ سُرَاقَةُ وَرُكُوبُهُ فِي أَثَرِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ حَدَّثَهُ. عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ سُرَاقَةَ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ مَكَّةَ مُهَاجِرًا إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، جَعَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فِيهِ مِئَةَ نَاقَةٍ لِمَنْ رَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ. قَالَ: فَبَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ فِي نَادِي قَوْمِي إذْ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا، حَتَّى وَقَفَ عَلَيْنَا، فَقَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَكْبَهُ ثَلَاثَةً مَرُّوا عَلَيَّ آنِفًا، إنِّي لَأَرَاهُمْ مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ، قَالَ: فَأَوْمَأْتُ إلَيْهِ بِعَيْنِي: أَنْ اُسْكُتْ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ: إنَّمَا هُمْ بَنُو فُلَانٍ، يَبْتَغُونَ ضَالَّةً لَهُمْ، قَالَ: لَعَلَّهُ، ثُمَّ سَكَتَ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَكَثْتُ قَلِيلًا، ثُمَّ قُمْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ بَيْتِي، ثُمَّ أَمَرْتُ بِفَرَسِي، فَقُيِّدَ لِي إلَى بَطْنِ الْوَادِي، وَأَمَرْتُ بِسِلَاحِي، فَأُخْرِجَ لِي مِنْ دُبُرِ حُجْرَتِي، ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ قِدَاحِي الَّتِي أَسَتَقْسِمُ بِهَا، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقْتُ، فَلَبِسْتُ لَأْمَتِي، ثُمَّ أَخَرَجْتُ قِدَاحِي، فَاسْتَقْسَمْتُ بِهَا، فَخَرَجَ السَّهْمُ الَّذِي أَكْرَهُ لَا يَضُرُّهُ. قَالَ: وَكُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ أَرُدَّهُ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ، فَآخُذَ الْمِئَةَ النَّاقَةِ. قَالَ: فَرَكِبْتُ عَلَى أَثَرِهِ، فَبَيْنَمَا فَرَسِي يَشْتَدُّ بِي عَثَرَ بِي، فَسَقَطْتُ عَنْهُ. قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: مَا هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَخَرَجْتُ قِدَاحِي فَاسْتَقْسَمْتُ بِهَا، فَخَرَجَ السَّهْمُ الَّذِي أَكْرَهُ لَا يَضُرُّهُ. قَالَ: فَأَبَيْتُ إلَّا أَنْ أَتَّبِعَهُ. قَالَ: فَرَكِبْتُ فِي أَثَرِهِ، فَبَيْنَا فَرَسِي يَشْتَدُّ بِي، عَثَرَ بِي، فَسَقَطْتُ عَنْهُ. قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: مَا هَذَا ؟، قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَخَرَجْتُ قِدَاحِي فَاسْتَقْسَمْتُ بِهَا فَخَرَجَ السَّهْمُ الَّذِي أَكْرَهُ لَا يَضُرُّهُ، قَالَ: فَأَبَيْتُ إلَّا أَنْ أَتَّبِعَهُ، فَرَكِبْتُ فِي أَثَرِهِ. فَلَمَّا بَدَا لِي الْقَوْمُ وَرَأَيْتهمْ، عَثَرَ بِي فَرَسِي، فَذَهَبَتْ يَدَاهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ، وَسَقَطْتُ عَنْهُ، ثُمَّ انْتَزَعَ يَدَيْهِ مِنْ الْأَرْضِ، وَتَبِعَهُمَا دُخَانٌ كَالْإِعْصَارِ. قَالَ: فَعَرَفْتُ حَيْنَ رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ مُنِعَ مِنِّي، وَأَنَّهُ ظَاهِرٌ. قَالَ: فَنَادَيْتُ الْقَوْمَ: فَقُلْتُ: أَنَا سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ جُعْشُمٍ: اُنْظُرُونِي أُكَلِّمْكُمْ، فَوَاَللَّهِ لَا أَرَيْبُكُمْ، وَلَا يَأْتِيكُمْ مِنِّي شَيْءٌ تَكْرَهُونَهُ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ: قُلْ لَهُ: وَمَا تَبْتَغِي مِنَّا ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: تَكْتُبُ لِي كِتَابًا يَكُونُ آيَةً بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ. قَالَ: اُكْتُبْ لَهُ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ. [ إسْلَامُ سُرَاقَةَ ] ( قَالَ ): فَكَتَبَ لِي كِتَابًا فِي عَظْمٍ، أَوْ فِي رُقْعَةٍ، أَوْ فِي خَزَفَةٍ، ثُمَّ أَلْقَاهُ إلَيَّ، فَأَخَذَتْهُ، فَجَعَلْتُهُ فِي كِنَانَتِي، ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ، فَسَكَتُّ فَلَمْ أَذْكُرْ شَيْئًا مِمَّا كَانَ حَتَّى إذَا كَانَ فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَفَرَغَ مِنْ حُنَيْنٍ وَالطَّائِفِ، خَرَجْتُ وَمَعِي الْكِتَابَ لَأَلْقَاهُ، فَلَقِيتُهُ بِالْجِعْرَانَةِ. قَالَ: فَدَخَلْتُ فِي كَتِيبَةٍ مِنْ خَيْلِ الْأَنْصَارِ. قَالَ: فَجَعَلُوا يَقْرَعُونَنِي بِالرِّمَاحِ وَيَقُولُونَ: إلَيْكَ ( إلَيْكَ )، مَاذَا تُرِيدُ ؟ قَالَ: فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ، وَاَللَّهِ لَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إلَى سَاقِهِ فِي غَرْزِهِ كَأَنَّهَا جُمَّارَةٌ. قَالَ: فَرَفَعْتُ يَدِي بِالْكِتَابِ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَذَا كِتَابُكَ ( لِي )، أَنَا سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ جُعْشُمٍ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: يَوْمُ وَفَاءٍ وَبِرٍّ، ادْنُهْ. قَالَ: فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ، فَأَسْلَمْتُ. ثُمَّ تَذَكَّرْتُ شَيْئًا أَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْهُ فَمَا أَذْكُرُهُ، إلَّا أَنِّي قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، الضَّالَّةُ مِنْ الْإِبِلِ تَغْشَى حِيَاضِي، وَقَدْ مَلَأْتهَا لِإِبِلِي، هَلْ لِي مِنْ أَجْرٍ فِي أَنْ أَسْقِيَهَا ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، فِي كُلِّ ذَاتِ كَبِدٍ حَرَّى أَجْرٌ قَالَ: ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ إلَى قَوْمِي، فَسُقْتُ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَدَقَتِي.
Translation
✧ [Surāqah and His Riding in Pursuit of the Messenger ﷺ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Al-Zuhrī narrated to me that ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Mālik b. Juʿshum narrated to him, from his father, from his paternal uncle Surāqah b. Mālik b. Juʿshum, who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ left Makkah as an emigrant to Madinah, Quraysh set a hundred she-camels for whoever brought him back to them. He said: While I was sitting in the assembly of my people, a man from among us approached until he stood before us and said: By Allah, I have just seen three riders pass by me; I think they are Muḥammad and his companions. He said: I gestured to him with my eye to be silent, then I said: They are only the sons of so-and-so, seeking a stray camel of theirs. He said: Perhaps. Then he fell silent. He said: Then I remained a little while, then I rose and entered my house, then I ordered my horse to be brought for me, and it was tethered for me at the bottom of the valley. I ordered my weapons, and they were brought out for me from behind my chamber. Then I took my divining arrows with which I sought omens, then I departed and put on my armor. Then I brought out my divining arrows and sought omens with them, and the arrow I disliked came out: that it would not harm him. He said: I was hoping to bring him back to Quraysh and take the hundred she-camels. He said: I mounted to follow his trail, and while my horse was galloping with me, it stumbled with me, and I fell from it. I said: What is this? He said: Then I brought out my divining arrows and sought omens with them, and the arrow I disliked came out: that it would not harm him. He said: But I refused to do anything but follow him. He said: I mounted to follow his trail, and while my horse was galloping with me, it stumbled with me, and I fell from it. I said: What is this? He said: Then I brought out my divining arrows and sought omens with them, and the arrow I disliked came out: that it would not harm him. He said: But I refused to do anything but follow him, and I mounted to follow his trail. When the group appeared to me and I saw them, my horse stumbled with me, and its forelegs sank into the ground, and I fell from it. Then it pulled its forelegs out of the ground, and smoke like a whirlwind followed them. He said: When I saw that, I knew that he had been protected from me and that he would prevail. He said: I called out to the group and said: I am Surāqah b. Juʿshum: wait for me so I may speak with you. By Allah, I will not cause you any doubt, and nothing you dislike will come to you from me. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abū Bakr: Tell him: And what do you seek from us? He said: Abū Bakr said that. I said: Write for me a document that will be a sign between me and you. He said: Write it for him, O Abū Bakr. [The Conversion of Surāqah] (He said): He wrote for me a document on a bone, or on a piece of leather, or on a potsherd, then he threw it to me, and I took it and placed it in my quiver. Then I returned and kept silent, and I did not mention anything of what had happened until the conquest of Makkah by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and after he finished with Ḥunayn and al-Ṭāʾif, I went out with the document to meet him, and I met him at al-Jiʿrānah. He said: I entered among a squadron of the Anṣār's cavalry. He said: They began striking me with their spears and saying: Away, away, what do you want? He said: I drew near to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was on his she-camel. By Allah, it is as if I am looking at his shin in his stirrup, as if it were a palm pith. He said: I raised my hand with the document, then I said: O Messenger of Allah, this is your document for me; I am Surāqah b. Juʿshum. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: This is a day of fulfillment and kindness; come near. He said: I drew near to him and embraced Islam. Then I remembered something to ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about, but I do not recall it except that I said: O Messenger of Allah, stray camels come to my watering troughs, which I have filled for my own camels. Is there any reward for me in giving them water? He said: Yes, in every living being with a moist liver there is a reward. He said: Then I returned to my people and drove my ṣadaqah to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.