Tarikh (al-Tabari) 858
The Prophet's emigration ﷺ
بَابُ هِجْرَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِنَفْسِهِ الْكَرِيمَةِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ وَذَلِكَ أَوَّلُ التَّارِيخِ الْإِسْلَامِيِّ كَمَا اتَّفَقَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّحَابَةُ فِي الدَّوْلَةِ الْعُمَرِيَّةِ، كَمَا بَيَّنَاهُ فِي " سِيرَةِ عُمَرَ " ؓ وَعَنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ. قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: بسنده عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: بُعِثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، فَمَكَثَ بِمَكَّةَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أُمِرَ بِالْهِجْرَةِ فَهَاجَرَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ، وَمَاتَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ. وَقَدْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فِي شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ بِعْثَتِهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، وَذَلِكَ فِي يَوْمِ الِاثْنَيْنِ كَمَّا رَوَاهُ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وُلِدَ نَبِيُّكُمْ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ، وَخَرَجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ، وَنُبِّئَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ، وَدَخْلَ الْمَدِينَةَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ، وَتُوُفِّيَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حِينَ اسْتَأْذَنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: " لَا تَعْجَلْ، لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَكَ صَاحِبًا ". قَدْ طَمِعَ بِأَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ، فَابْتَاعَ رَاحِلَتَيْنِ، فَحَبَسَهُمَا فِي دَارِهِ يَعْلِفُهُمَا إِعْدَادًا لِذَلِكَ. قَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ: اشْتَرَاهُمَا بِثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي مَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كَانَ لَا يُخْطِئُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بَيْتَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَحَدَ طَرَفَيِ النَّهَارِ، إِمَّا بُكْرَةً، وَإِمَّا عَشِيَّةً حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي أَذِنَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ لِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ، وَالْخُرُوجِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ مِنْ بَيْنِ ظَهْرَيْ قَوْمِهِ، أَتَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْهَاجِرَةِ فِي سَاعَةٍ كَانَ لَا يَأْتِي فِيهَا، قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، قَالَ: مَا جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ إِلَّا لِأَمْرٍ حَدَثَ. قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ تَأَخَّرَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنْ سَرِيرِهِ، فَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَا وَأُخْتِي أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " أَخْرِجْ عَنِّي مَنْ عِنْدَكَ ". قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّمَا هُمَا ابْنَتَايَ وَمَا ذَاكَ: فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي ؟ قَالَ: " إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَذِنَ لِي فِي الْخُرُوجِ وَالْهِجْرَةِ ". قَالَتْ: فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: الصُّحْبَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: " الصُّحْبَةَ ". قَالَتْ: فَوَاللَّهِ مَا شَعَرْتُ قَطُّ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ أَنَّ أَحَدًا يَبْكِي مِنَ الْفَرَحِ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَبْكِي. ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ هَاتَيْنِ رَاحِلَتَانِ كُنْتُ أَعْدَدْتُهُمَا لِهَذَا. فَاسْتَأْجَرَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَرْقَطَ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ وَيُقَالُ: عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُرَيْقِطٍ. رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي الدِّيلِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّهُ مِنْ بَنِي سَهْمِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، وَكَانَ مُشْرِكًا - يَدُلُّهُمَا عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ، وَدَفَعَا إِلَيْهِ رَاحِلَتَيْهِمَا، فَكَانَتَا عِنْدَهُ يَرْعَاهُمَا لِمِيعَادِهِمَا.
Translation
✧ The Chapter on the Emigration of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with His Noble Self from Makkah to Madinah, accompanied by Abu Bakr al-Siddiq ؓ This was the beginning of the Islamic calendar, as the Companions agreed upon it during the Umarite state, as we explained in the "Biography of Umar" ؓ and on their authority collectively. Al-Bukhari said: with his chain of transmission from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Prophet ﷺ was sent at the age of forty years; he stayed in Makkah for thirteen years receiving revelation; then he was commanded to emigrate, and he emigrated for ten years, and died when he was sixty-three. His emigration ﷺ was in the month of Rabi' al-Awwal in the thirteenth year of his mission ﷺ, and that was on a Monday, as narrated by Imam Ahmad from Ibn Abbas, who said: Your Prophet was born on a Monday, left Makkah on a Monday, was commissioned as a prophet on a Monday, entered Madinah on a Monday, and died on a Monday. Muhammad b. Ishaq said: When Abu Bakr asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for permission to emigrate, he said to him: "Do not be hasty; perhaps Allah will appoint for you a companion." He hoped that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ meant himself, so he bought two riding camels and kept them in his house, feeding them in preparation for that. Al-Waqidi said: He bought them for eight hundred dirhams. Ibn Ishaq said: He narrated to me someone I do not accuse, from Urwah b. al-Zubayr, from Aishah, the Mother of the Believers, that she said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not fail to come to Abu Bakr's house at one of the two ends of the day, either in the early morning or in the evening, until the day on which Allah permitted His Messenger ﷺ to emigrate and depart from Makkah from among his people. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us at noon, at an hour in which he would not come. She said: When Abu Bakr saw him, he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has not come at this hour except for a matter that has occurred. She said: When he entered, Abu Bakr moved back from his bed for him, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat down, and there was no one with Abu Bakr except me and my sister Asma' bt. Abi Bakr. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Send away from me whoever is with you." He said: O Messenger of Allah, they are only my two daughters; and what is that? May my father and mother be your ransom. He said: "Allah has permitted me to depart and emigrate." She said: Abu Bakr said: Companionship, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "Companionship." She said: By Allah, I never knew before that day that anyone wept from joy until I saw Abu Bakr weeping that day. Then he said: O Prophet of Allah, these two riding camels I have prepared for this. So they hired Abdullah b. Arqat—Ibn Hisham said: It is also said Abdullah b. Urayqit—a man from Banu al-Dil b. Bakr, whose mother was from Banu Sahm b. Amr, and he was a polytheist, to guide them on the road. They handed over to him their two riding camels, which remained with him, and he pastured them for their appointed time.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.