Tarikh (al-Tabari) 825
The polytheists' harm to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after the death of Abu Talib and Khadijah, and what occurred regarding the journey to al-Ta'if
فَصْلٌ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ سَمَاعَ الْجِنِّ لِقِرَاءَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَذَلِكَ مَرْجِعَهُ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ حِينَ بَاتَ بِنَخْلَةَ، وَصَلَّى بِأَصْحَابِهِ الصُّبْحَ، فَاسْتَمَعَ الْجِنُّ الَّذِينَ صُرِفُوا إِلَيْهِ قِرَاءَتَهُ هُنَالِكَ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَكَانُوا سَبْعَةَ نَفَرٍ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ قَوْلَهُ: وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَا إِلَيْكَ نَفَرًا مِنَ الْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقُرْآنَ [ الْأَحْقَافِ: 29 ] قُلْتُ: وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمْنَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ مُسْتَقْصًى فِي " التَّفْسِيرِ "، وَتَقَدَّمَ قِطْعَةٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ مَرْجِعَهُ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ فِي جِوَارِ الْمُطْعِمِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ ، وَازْدَادَ قَوْمُهُ عَلَيْهِ حَنَقًا، وَغَيْظًا، وَجُرْأَةً، وَتَكْذِيبًا، وَعِنَادًا. وَاللَّهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ وَعَلَيْهِ التُّكْلَانُ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الْأُمَوِيُّ فِي " مَغَازِيهِ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُرَيْقِطٍ إِلَى الْأَخْنَسِ بْنِ شَرِيقٍ، فَطَلَبَ مِنْهُ أَنْ يُجِيرَهُ بِمَكَّةَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ حَلِيفَ قُرَيْشٍ لَا يُجِيرُ عَلَى صَمِيمِهَا. ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ; لِيُجِيرَهُ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ لَا تُجِيرُ عَلَى بَنِي كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. فَبَعَثَهُ إِلَى الْمُطْعِمِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ ; لِيُجِيرَهُ، فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، قُلْ لَهُ فَلْيَأْتِ. فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَبَاتَ عِنْدَهُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ خَرَجَ مَعَهُ هُوَ وَبَنُوهُ سِتَّةٌ - أَوْ سَبْعَةٌ - مُتَقَلِّدِي السُّيُوفَ جَمِيعًا، فَدَخَلُوا الْمَسْجِدَ وَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: طُفْ. وَاحْتَبَوْا بِحَمَائِلِ سُيُوفِهِمْ فِي الْمَطَافِ، فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ إِلَى مُطْعِمٍ، فَقَالَ: أَمُجِيرٌ أَمْ تَابِعٌ ؟ قَالَ: لَا، بَلْ مُجِيرٌ. قَالَ: إِذًا لَا تُخْفَرُ. فَجَلَسَ مَعَهُ حَتَّى قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ طَوَافَهُ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ انْصَرَفُوا مَعَهُ، وَذَهَبَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ. قَالَ: فَمَكَثَ أَيَّامًا ثُمَّ أُذِنَ لَهُ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ، فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ تُوُفِّيَ الْمُطْعِمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ بَعْدَهُ بِيَسِيرٍ، فَقَالَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ: وَاللَّهِ لَأَرْثِيَنَّهُ، فَقَالَ فِيمَا قَالَ: فَلَوْ كَانَ مَجْدٌ يُخْلِدُ الْيَوْمَ وَاحِدًا مِنَ النَّاسِ نَجَّى مَجْدُهُ الْيَوْمَ مُطْعِمَا أَجَرْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ فَأَصْبَحُوا عِبَادَكَ مَا لَبَّى مُحِلٌّ وَأَحْرَمَا فَلَوْ سُئِلَتْ عَنْهُ مَعَدٌّ بِأَسْرِهَا وَقَحْطَانُ أَوْ بَاقِي بَقِيَّةِ جُرْهُمَا لَقَالُوا هُوَ الْمُوفِي بِخُفْرَةِ جَارِهِ وَذِمَّتِهِ يَوْمًا إِذَا مَا تَذَمَّمَا وَمَا تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ الْمُنِيرَةُ فَوْقَهُمْ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ فِيهُمُ أَعَزَّ وَأَكْرَمَا أَبِيًّا إِذَا يَأْبَى وَأَلْيَنَ شِيمَةً وَأَنْوَمَ عَنْ جَارٍ إِذَا اللَّيْلُ أَظْلَمَا قُلْتُ: وَلِهَذَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُسَارَى بَدْرٍ: " لَوْ كَانَ الْمُطْعِمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ حَيًّا، ثُمَّ سَأَلَنِي فِي هَؤُلَاءِ النَّتْنَى لَوَهَبْتُهُمْ لَهُ ".
Translation
✧ SECTION Muhammad b. Isḥāq mentioned the jinn’s listening to the recitation of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and that was on his return from al-Ṭāʾif when he spent the night at Nakhlah and prayed the dawn prayer with his companions. The jinn who were turned toward him listened to his recitation there. Ibn Isḥāq said: They were seven individuals. Allah Almighty revealed about them His saying: “And [mention] when We directed to you a few of the jinn, listening to the Qurʾān” [al-Aḥqāf: 29]. I say: We have discussed that exhaustively in the “Tafsīr,” and a portion of that has preceded. Allah knows best. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Makkah on his return from al-Ṭāʾif under the protection of al-Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī, and his people increased in malice toward him, rage, boldness, denial, and obstinacy. Allah is the one sought for help, and upon Him is reliance. The Umawī mentioned in his “Maghāzī” that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent ʿAbd Allāh b. Urayqiṭ to al-Akhnas b. Sharīq, requesting that he grant him protection in Makkah. He said: “The ally of Quraysh does not grant protection against its core.” Then he sent him to Suhayl b. ʿAmr to grant him protection. He said: “The Banū ʿĀmir b. Luʾayy do not grant protection against the Banū Kaʿb b. Luʾayy.” Then he sent him to al-Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī to grant him protection. He said: “Yes. Tell him to come.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to him and spent that night at his place. When morning came, he went out with him and his sons, six—or seven—all girded with swords. They entered the mosque, and he said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: “Perform ṭawāf.” They sat with their sword belts wrapped around them in the circumambulation area. Abū Sufyān came to Muṭʿim and said: “A protector or a follower?” He said: “No, rather a protector.” He said: “Then your protection will not be violated.” He sat with him until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished his circumambulation. When he departed, they departed with him, and Abū Sufyān went to his assembly. He said: He remained some days, then permission was given to him to emigrate. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ emigrated to Madinah, al-Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī died shortly after him. Ḥassān b. Thābit said: “By Allah, I shall eulogize him.” Among what he said: If glory could today immortalize any one of mankind, his glory would today have rescued Muṭʿim. You protected Allah’s Messenger from them, and they became your servants, as long as one in iḥrām or outside it raises the talbiyah. Were all of Maʿadd asked about him, and Qaḥṭān, or the remaining remnant of Jurhum, they would say: He is the one who fulfills the protection of his neighbor and his covenant, on a day when one is reproached. The shining sun does not rise over them upon his like among them, more mighty and more noble— one who refuses when he refuses, and softest in character, and most protective of a neighbor when the night grows dark. I say: For this reason the Prophet ﷺ said on the day of the captives of Badr: “If al-Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī were alive and then asked me concerning these foul ones, I would have gifted them to him.”
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.