Tarikh (al-Tabari) 751
The emigration to Abyssinia and what occurred therein
الْهِجْرَةُ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ وَمَا جَاءَ فِيهَا: لَمَّا اشْتَدَّ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فِي أَذَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَدْ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِأَنْ مَنَعَهُ بِعَمِّهِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَذِنَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بِالْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهَا الْمُسْتَضْعَفُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَنْ ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ وَرُقَيَّةُ زَوْجَتُهُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى سُورَةَ النَّجْمِ وَسَجَدَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي آخِرِهَا بَلَغَ الْخَبَرَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ فِي الْحَبَشَةِ بِأَنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَدْ أَسْلَمَتْ فَعَادُوا مِنَ الْحَبَشَةِ، وَكَانَ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى خِلَافِ مَا ظَنُّوا فَرَجَعَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَدَخَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي جِوَارِ بَعْضِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّى خَرَجُوا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَمَعَهُمْ بَعْضُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى، وَأَرْسَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ خَلْفَهُمْ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُفْلِحُوا فِي إِعَادَتِهِمْ وَأَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ النَّجَاشِيَّ بِالْإِسْلَامِ. وَقَدْ خَرَجَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْحَبَشَةُ إِلَّا أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى كَفَاهُ إِيَّاهُمْ وَخَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْتَزِعَ الْمُلْكَ مِنْهُ فَنَصَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَكَّنَ لِلنَّجَاشِيِّ وَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ.
Translation
✧ The emigration to the land of Abyssinia and what occurred therein: When the polytheists intensified their harm of the believers, and the Prophet ﷺ had been favored by Allah in that He protected him through his uncle Abū Ṭālib, the Prophet ﷺ permitted the Muslims to emigrate to Abyssinia. The oppressed among the believers went there, and among the first to go there were ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān and his wife Ruqayyah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When Allah, exalted is He, revealed Sūrat al-Najm and the polytheists prostrated with the Muslims at its end, the news reached the emigrants in Abyssinia that Quraysh had embraced Islam, so they returned from Abyssinia. But the matter was contrary to what they had thought. Some of them went back, while some entered the protection of certain polytheists, until afterwards they departed again for Abyssinia together with some of the believers. Quraysh sent after them ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ and ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Rabīʿah, but they did not succeed in bringing them back, and Allah honored the Negus with Islam. The Abyssinians rose against him, but Allah, exalted is He, sufficed him against them. And there rose against him one who sought to seize the kingdom from him, but Allah granted him victory over him and established the Negus firmly, and the believers rejoiced at that.
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