Tarikh (al-Tabari) 711
The sending of the Prophet ﷺ
الرَّابِعُ: فِي أَنَّهَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ رَوَى الطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِرِجَالٍ ثِقَاتٍ عَنْ بُرَيْكٍ ؓ قَالَ: خَدِيجَةُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. وَرَوَى الطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِإِسْنَادٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ بْنِ دُعَامَةَ -رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- قَالَ: تُوُفِّيَتْ خَدِيجَةُ ؓ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ بِثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ، وَهِيَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَالرِّجَالِ. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ -رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى- قَالَ: كَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ إِيمَانًا بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ -رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى-: كَانَتْ خَدِيجَةُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ، وَصَدَّقَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُفْرَضَ الصَّلَاةُ. رَوَاهُمَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي خَيْثَمَةَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عُمَرَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْبَرِّ: اتَّفَقُوا عَلَى أَنَّ خَدِيجَةَ ؓ أَوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْأَثِيرِ: خَدِيجَةُ أَوَّلُ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ إِسْلَامًا بِإِجْمَاعِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، لَمْ يَتَقَدَّمْهَا رَجُلٌ وَلَا امْرَأَةٌ، وَأَقَرَّهُ الْحَافِظُ النَّاقِدُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الذَّهَبِيُّ، وَحَكَى الْإِمَامُ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ اتِّفَاقَ الْعُلَمَاءِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَإِنَّمَا اخْتِلَافُهُمْ فِي أَوَّلِ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ بَعْدَهَا بَعْدُ. وَقَالَ الْإِمَامُ النَّوَوِيُّ -رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى-: إِنَّهُ الصَّوَابُ عِنْدَ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الْمُحَقِّقِينَ، قَالَ: فَخَفَّفَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ لَا يَسْمَعُ بِشَيْءٍ يَكْرَهُهُ مِنَ الرَّدِّ عَلَيْهِ، فَيَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهَا، فَتُثْبِتُهُ وَتُهَوِّنُ عَلَيْهِ. وَبَادَرَ إِلَى الِاسْتِجَابَةِ لَهُ ﷺ صِدِّيقَةُ النِّسَاءِ: خديجة بنت خويلد ، وَقَامَتْ بِأَعْبَاءِ الصِّدِّيقِيِّةِ وَقَالَ لَهَا: ( لَقَدْ خَشِيتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: أَبْشِرْ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا يُخْزِيكَ اللَّهُ أَبَدًا ) ثُمَّ اسْتَدَلَّتْ بِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الصِّفَاتِ الْفَاضِلَةِ وَالْأَخْلَاقِ وَالشِّيَمِ عَلَى أَنَّ مَنْ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ لَا يُخْزَى أَبَدًا، فَعَلِمَتْ بِكَمَالِ عَقْلِهَا وَفِطْرَتِهَا أَنَّ الْأَعْمَالَ الصِّالِحَةَ وَالْأَخْلَاقَ الْفَاضِلَةَ وَالشِّيَمَ الشِّرِيفَةَ تُنَاسِبُ أَشْكَالَهَا مِنْ كَرَامَةِ اللَّهِ وَتَأْيِيدِهِ وَإِحْسَانِهِ، وَلَا تُنَاسِبُ الْخِزْيَ وَالْخِذْلَانَ، وَإِنَّمَا يُنَاسِبُهُ أَضْدَادُهَا، فَمَنْ رَكَّبَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَحْسَنِ الصِّفَاتِ، وَأَحْسَنِ الْأَخْلَاقِ وَالْأَعْمَالِ إِنَّمَا يَلِيقُ بِهِ كَرَامَتُهُ وَإِتْمَامُ نِعْمَتِهِ عَلَيْهِ، وَمَنْ رَكَّبَهُ عَلَى أَقْبَحِ الصِّفَاتِ وَأَسْوَأِ الْأَخْلَاقِ وَالْأَعْمَالِ إِنَّمَا يَلِيقُ بِهِ مَا يُنَاسِبُهَا، وَبِهَذَا الْعَقْلِ وَالصِّدِّيقِيِّة اسْتَحَقَّتْ أَنْ يُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهَا رَبُّهَا بِالسَّلَامِ مِنْهُ مَعَ رَسُولَيْهِ جِبْرِيلَ وَمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ.
Translation
✧ The fourth: That she was the first to embrace Islam. Al-Ṭabarānī narrated with trustworthy narrators from Burayk ؓ that he said: Khadījah was the first to embrace Islam with the Messenger of God ﷺ, along with ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib. Al-Ṭabarānī narrated with a chain that is unobjectionable from Qatādah b. Diʿāmah (may God Almighty have mercy on him) that he said: Khadījah ؓ died three years before the Hijrah, and she was the first to believe in the Prophet ﷺ among women and men. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿAqīl (may God Almighty have mercy on him) said: Khadījah was the first of all people to believe in what God sent down. Ibn Shihāb (may God Almighty have mercy on him) said: Khadījah was the first to believe in God and to affirm the Messenger of God before the prayer was made obligatory. Both of these were narrated by Abū Bakr b. Abī Khaythamah. Abū ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-Barr said: They agreed that Khadījah ؓ was the first to believe. Abū al-Ḥasan b. al-Athīr said: Khadījah was the first of God's creation to embrace Islam, by the consensus of the Muslims; no man or woman preceded her. The critical ḥāfiẓ Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Dhahabī affirmed this, and al-Imām al-Thaʿlabī reported the agreement of the scholars on that. Their disagreement is only regarding who was the first to embrace Islam after her. Al-Imām al-Nawawī (may God Almighty have mercy on him) said: This is the correct view according to a group of meticulous scholars. He said: By that, God relieved the Messenger of God ﷺ, for he would not hear anything he disliked in the way of rejection of him but that he would return to her, and she would reassure him and make it light for him. The Ṣiddīqah of women, Khadījah bt. Khuwaylid, hastened to respond to him ﷺ and undertook the burdens of supreme truthfulness. He said to her: "I feared for myself," and she said to him: "Rejoice, for by God, God will never disgrace you." Then she reasoned from the virtuous qualities, morals, and character that were in him that one who was such would never be disgraced. By her perfect intellect and innate disposition, she knew that righteous deeds, virtuous morals, and noble character befit their counterparts of God's honor, support, and kindness, and do not befit disgrace and abandonment; rather, their opposites befit those. So whoever God has composed upon the best qualities, the best morals and deeds, only His honor and the completion of His favor upon him befit him; and whoever God has composed upon the ugliest qualities, the worst morals and deeds, only what befits those befalls him. By this intellect and supreme truthfulness, she deserved that her Lord send to her His greeting of peace through His two messengers, Jibrīl and Muḥammad ﷺ.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.