Tarikh (al-Tabari) 67
The story of the creation of Adam (peace be upon him)
وَفَاةِ آدَمَ وَوَصِيَّتِهِ إِلَى ابْنِهِ شِيثَ . وَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْ آدَمَ الْوَفَاةُ عَهِدَ إِلَى شِيثٍ وَعَلَّمَهُ سَاعَاتِ اللَّيْلِ، وَالنَّهَارِ، وَعِبَادَةَ الْخَلْوَةِ فِي كُلِّ سَاعَةٍ مِنْهَا وَأَعْلَمَهُ بِالطُّوفَانِ، وَصَارَتِ الرِّيَاسَةُ بَعْدَ آدَمَ إِلَيْهِ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسِينَ صَحِيفَةً، وَإِلَيْهِ أَنْسَابُ بَنِي آدَمَ كُلِّهِمُ الْيَوْمَ. وقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ: إِنَّ آدَمَ مَرِضَ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا، وَدَفَعَ إِلَى شِيثٍ كِتَابَ وَصِيَّتِهِ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُخْفِيَهُ مِنْ قَابِيلَ، فَاسْتَخْفَى شِيثُ وَوَلَدُهُ بِمَا عِنْدَهُمْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَ قَابِيلَ وَوَلَدِهِ عِلْمٌ يَنْتَفِعُونَ [بِهِ]. وَأَمَّا الْفُرْسُ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ جُيُومَرْثَ هُوَ آدَمُ، فَإِنَّهُمْ قَالُوا: وُلِدَ لِجُيُومَرْثَ ابْنَتُهُ مَيْشَانُ أُخْتُ مَيْشَى، وَتَزَوَّجَ مَيْشَى أُخْتَهُ مَيْشَانَ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ سِيَامِكَ، وَسِيَامِي، فَوُلِدَ لِسِيَامِكَ بْنِ جُيُومَرْثَ أَفَرُوَالُ، وَدَقَسُ، وَبُوَاسِبُ، وَأَجْرَابُ، وَأَوْرَاشُ، وَأُمُّهُمْ جَمِيعًا سِيَامِي ابْنَةُ مَيْشَى، وَهِيَ أُخْتُ أَبِيهِمْ. وَذَكَرُوا أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ كُلَّهَا سَبْعَةُ أَقَالِيمَ، فَأَرْضُ بَابِلَ وَمَا يُوَصِّلُ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا يَأْتِيهِ النَّاسُ بَرًّا وَبَحْرًا فَهُوَ مِنْ إِقْلِيمٍ وَاحِدٍ وَسُكَّانُهُ وَلَدُ أَفَرُوَالَ بْنِ سِيَامِكَ مِنْ أَفَرَى ابْنَةِ سِيَامِكَ أُوشْهَنْجَ بِيشَدَادَ الْمَلِكِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَفَ جَدَّهُ جُيُومَرْثَ فِي الْمُلْكِ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنُ جَمَعَ مُلْكَ الْأَقَالِيمِ السَّبْعَةِ. وَكَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ أُوشْهَنْجَ هَذَا هُوَ ابْنُ آدَمَ لِصُلْبِهِ مِنْ حَوَّاءَ. وَأَمَّا ابْنُ الْكَلْبِيِّ فَإِنَّهُ زَعَمَ أَنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ مَلَكَ الْأَرْضَ أُوشْهَنْجُ بْنُ عَابِرِ بْنِ شَالَخَ بْنِ أَرْفَخْشَذَ بْنِ سَامِ بْنِ نُوحٍ، قَالَ: وَالْفُرْسُ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بَعْدَ آدَمَ بِمِائَتَيْ سَنَةٍ، وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ بَعْدَ نُوحٍ بِمِائَتَيْ سَنَةٍ، وَلَمْ تَعْرِفِ الْفُرْسُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَ نُوحٍ. وَالَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ الْكَلْبِيِّ لَا وَجْهَ لَهُ، لِأَنَّ أُوشْهَنْجَ مَشْهُورٌ عِنْدَ الْفُرْسِ، وَكُلُّ قَوْمٍ أَعْلَمُ بِأَنْسَابِهِمْ، وَأَيَّامِهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ. قَالَ: وَقَدْ زَعَمَ بَعْضُ نَسَّابَةِ الْفُرْسِ أَنَّ أُوشْهَنْجَ هَذَا هُوَ مَهْلَائِيلُ، وَأَنَّ أَبَاهُ أَفَرُوَالُ هُوَ قَيْنَانُ، وَأَنَّ سِيَامِكَ هُوَ أَنْوَشُ أَبُو فَيْنَانَ، وَأَنَّ مَيْشَى هُوَ شِيثٌ أَبُو أَنْوَشَ، وَأَنَّ جُيُومَرْثَ هُوَ آدَمُ. فَإِنْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ كَمَا زَعَمَ فَلَا شَكَّ أَنَّ أُوشْهَنْجَ كَانَ فِي زَمَنِ آدَمَ رَجُلًا، وَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ مَهْلَائِيلَ فِيمَا ذُكِرَ فِي الْكُتُبِ الْأُولَى كَانَتْ وِلَادَةُ أُمِّهِ دِينَةَ ابْنَةِ بِرَاكِيلَ بْنِ مَحْوِيلَ بْنِ حُنُوخَ بْنِ قَيْنِ بْنِ آدَمَ إِيَّاهُ بَعْدَمَا مَضَى مِنْ عُمُرِ آدَمَ ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَخَمْسٌ وَتِسْعُونَ سَنَةً، وَقَدْ كَانَ لَهُ حِينَ وَفَاةِ أَبِيهِ آدَمَ سِتُّمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَخَمْسٌ وَسِتُّونَ سَنَةً، عَلَى حِسَابِ أَنَّ عُمُرَ آدَمَ كَانَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ، وَقَدْ زَعَمَتِ الْفُرْسُ أَنَّ مُلْكَ أُوشْهَنْجَ كَانَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، فَإِنْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى مَا ذَكَرَهُ النَّسَّابَةُ الَّذِي ذَكَرْتُ عَنْهُ مَا ذَكَرْتُ فَمَا يَبْعُدُ مَنْ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُلْكَهُ كَانَ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ آدَمَ بِمِائَتَيْ سَنَةٍ.
Translation
✧ The death of Adam and his bequest to his son Seth . When death came to Adam, he entrusted Seth and taught him the hours of the night and the day, and the worship of seclusion in each of those hours, and informed him of the Flood. Sovereignty after Adam passed to him, and God sent down upon him fifty scrolls, and to him go back the lineages of all the children of Adam today. Abū Jaʿfar al-Ṭabarī said: Adam was ill for eleven days and handed to Seth the book of his testament, and commanded him to conceal it from Cain. So Seth and his children kept hidden the knowledge they had, while Cain and his children had no knowledge from which they could benefit. As for the Persians who said that Gayōmart is Adam, they said: to Gayōmart was born his daughter Mayshān, the sister of Mayshā, and Mayshā married his sister Mayshān, and she bore him Siyāmak and Siyāmī. To Siyāmak son of Gayōmart were born Afarūwāl, Daqas, Būwāsib, Ajrāb, and Awrāsh, and their mother was Siyāmī daughter of Mayshā, and she was the sister of their father. They mentioned that the whole earth is seven climes. The land of Babel and whatever connects to it that people reach by land and sea is one clime, and its inhabitants are the children of Afarūwāl son of Siyāmak. From Afarā daughter of Siyāmak was born Ūshahanj Bīshadād the king, and he is the one who succeeded his grandfather Gayōmart in kingship, and he was the first to unite the kingship of the seven climes. Some of them claimed that this Ūshahanj was the son of Adam from his own loins by Eve. As for Ibn al-Kalbī, he claimed that the first to rule the earth was Ūshahanj son of ʿĀbir son of Shālakh son of Arfakhshadh son of Sām son of Nūḥ. He said: The Persians claim that he was two hundred years after Adam, but he was only two hundred years after Noah, and the Persians did not know what was before Noah. What Hishām ibn al-Kalbī mentioned has no basis, because Ūshahanj is well known to the Persians, and every people know their own lineages and their days better than others. He said: Some genealogists of the Persians claimed that this Ūshahanj is Mahalalel, and that his father Afarūwāl is Kenan, and that Siyāmak is Enosh the father of Kenan, and that Mayshā is Seth the father of Enosh, and that Gayōmart is Adam. If the matter is as they claimed, then there is no doubt that Ūshahanj was during the time of Adam a grown man. That is because Mahalalel, as mentioned in the ancient books, his mother Dīna daughter of Barākīl son of Maḥwīl son of Ḥanūkh son of Qayn son of Adam bore him after three hundred and ninety-five years of Adam’s life had passed, and he had, at the death of his father Adam, six hundred and sixty-five years, on the reckoning that Adam’s lifespan was a thousand years. The Persians claimed that the reign of Ūshahanj was forty years. If the matter is as stated by the genealogist whose account I have cited, then it is not far from what he who says that his reign was two hundred years after the death of Adam asserts.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.