Tarikh (al-Tabari) 623
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
يَوْمُ الْفِجَارِ الثَّانِي لِلْأَنْصَارِ كَانَتِ الْأَوْسُ قَدْ طَلَبَتْ مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرَ أَنْ يُحَالِفُوهُمْ عَلَى الْخَزْرَجِ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْخَزْرَجَ فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِمْ يُؤْذِنُونَهُمْ بِالْحَرْبِ، فَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ: إِنَّا لَا نُرِيدُ ذَلِكَ فَأَخَذَتِ الْخَزْرَجُ رَهْنَهُمْ عَلَى الْوَفَاءِ، وَهُمْ أَرْبَعُونَ غُلَامًا مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ يَزِيدَ بْنَ فُسْحُمَ شَرِبَ يَوْمًا فَسَكِرَ فَتَغَنَّى بِشِعْرٍ يَذْكُرُ فِيهِ ذَلِكَ: هَلُمَّ إِلَى الْأَحْلَافِ إِذْ رَقَّ عَظْمُهُمْ وَإِذْ أَصْلَحُوا مَالًا لِجِذْمَانَ ضَائِعَا إِذَا مَا امْرُؤٌ مِنْهُمْ أَسَاءَ عِمَارَةً بَعَثْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ بَنِي الْعِيرِ جَادِعَا فَأَمَّا الصَّرِيخُ مِنْهُمُ فَتَحَمَّلُوا وَأَمَّا الْيَهُودُ فَاتَّخَذْنَا بَضَائِعَا أَخَذْنَا مِنَ الْأُولَى الْيَهُودَ عِصَابَةً لِغَدْرِهِمِ كَانُوا لَدَيْنَا وَدَائِعَا فَذَلُّوا لِرَهْنٍ عِنْدَنَا فِي جِبَالِنَا مُصَانَعَةً يَخْشُونَ مِنَّا الْقَوَارِعَا وَذَاكَ بِأَنَّا حِينَ نَلْقَى عَدُوَّنَا نَصُولُ بِضَرْبٍ يَتْرُكُ الْعِزَّ خَاشِعَا فَبَلَغَ قَوْلُهُ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرَ فَغَضِبُوا. وَقَالَ كَعْبُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ: نَحْنُ كَمَا قَالَ إِنْ لَمْ نُغِرْ، فَخَالَفَ الْأَوْسُ عَلَى الْخَزْرَجِ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعَتِ الْخَزْرَجُ بِذَلِكَ قَتَلُوا كُلَّ مَنْ عِنْدَهُمْ مِنَ الرَّهْنِ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ. فَأَطْلَقُوا نَفَرًا، مِنْهُمْ: سُلَيْمُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ جَدُّ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ. وَاجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَوْسُ وَقُرَيْظَةُ وَالنَّضِيرُ عَلَى حَرْبِ الْخَزْرَجِ فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَسُمِّيَ ذَلِكَ الْفِجَارَ الثَّانِي لِقَتْلِ الْغِلْمَانِ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ. وَقَدْ قِيلَ فِي قَتْلِ الْغِلْمَانِ غَيْرُ هَذَا، وَهُوَ: إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ النُّعْمَانِ الْبَيَاضِيَّ الْخَزْرَجِيَّ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ بَنِي بَيَاضَةَ: إِنَّ أَبَاكُمْ أَنْزَلَكُمْ مَنْزِلَةَ سُوءٍ، وَاللَّهِ لَا يَمَسُّ رَأْسِي مَاءٌ حَتَّى أُنْزِلَكُمْ مَنَازِلَ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ أَوْ أَقْتُلَ رَهْنَهُمْ ! وَكَانَتْ مَنَازِلُ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ خَيْرَ الْبِقَاعِ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ: إِمَّا أَنْ تُخَلُّوا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ دِيَارِكُمْ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ نَقْتُلَ الرَّهْنَ. فَهَمُّوا بِأَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ كَعْبُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ: يَا قَوْمُ امْنَعُوا دِيَارَكُمْ وَخَلُّوهُ يَقْتُلُ الْغِلْمَانَ، مَا هِيَ إِلَّا لَيْلَةٌ يُصِيبُ فِيهَا أَحَدُكُمُ امْرَأَةً حَتَّى يُولَدَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَحَدِهِمْ. فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَيْهِمْ: إِنَّا لَا نَنْتَقِلُ عَنْ دِيَارِنَا فَانْظُرُوا فِي رَهْنِنَا فَعُوا لَنَا. فَعَدَا عَمْرُو بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ عَلَى رَهْنِهِمْ فَقَتَلَهُمْ، وَخَالَفَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولٍ فَقَالَ: هَذَا بَغْيٌ وَإِثْمٌ، وَنَهَاهُ عَنْ قَتْلِهِمْ وَقِتَالِ قَوْمِهِ مِنَ الْأَوْسِ وَقَالَ لَهُ: كَأَنِّي بِكَ وَقَدْ حُمِلْتَ قَتِيلًا فِي عَبَاءَةٍ يَحْمِلُكَ أَرْبَعَةُ رِجَالٍ. فَلَمْ يَقْتُلْ هُوَ وَمَنْ أَطَاعَهُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْغِلْمَانِ وَأَطْلَقُوهُمْ، وَمِنْهُمْ: سُلَيْمُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ جَدُّ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ. وَحَالَفَتْ حِينَئِذٍ قُرَيْظَةُ وَالنَّضِيرُ وَالْأَوْسُ عَلَى الْخَزْرَجِ، وَجَرَى بَيْنَهُمْ قِتَالٌ سُمِّيَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ يَوْمَ الْفِجَارِ الثَّانِي. وَهَذَا الْقَوْلُ أَشْبَهُ بِأَنْ يُسَمَّى الْيَوْمَ فِجَارًا، وَأَمَّا عَلَى الْقَوْلِ الْأَوَّلِ فَإِنَّمَا قَتَلُوا الرَّهْنَ جَزَاءَ الْغَدْرِ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَلَيْسَ بِفِجَارٍ مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُسَمَّى فِجَارًا لِغَدْرِ الْيَهُودِ.
Translation
✧ The Second Battle of Fijār of the Anṣār The Aws had sought from Qurayẓah and al-Naḍīr to ally with them against the Khazraj. That reached the Khazraj, so they sent to them announcing war. The Jews said, “We do not desire that,” so the Khazraj took their hostages as surety for fulfillment — forty youths from Qurayẓah and al-Naḍīr. Then one day Yazīd b. Fusḥum drank and became intoxicated and sang poetry mentioning that: Come to the allies when their bones grew soft, And when they set right wealth for Jidhmān, wasted; Whenever a man among them marred a dwelling, We sent against them from Banū al-ʿĪr one who maims; As for the shriek of alarm among them, they bore away, But as for the Jews, we took them as merchandise; We took from the first the Jews as a band — For their treachery they were deposits with us. So they were humbled by hostages with us in our mountains, As a bribe, fearing from us the crushing blows; And that is because when we meet our enemy, We assail with blows that leave the proud abased. His words reached Qurayẓah and al-Naḍīr, and they became angry. Kaʿb b. Asad said, “We are as he said if we do not raid.” So the Aws broke with the Khazraj. When the Khazraj heard of that, they killed every hostage they had from the sons of Qurayẓah and al-Naḍīr. They released a few, among them Sulaym b. Asad al-Quraẓī, the grandfather of Muḥammad b. Kaʿb b. Sulaym. The Aws, Qurayẓah, and al-Naḍīr gathered for war against the Khazraj, and they fought a fierce battle. That was called the Second Fijār because of the killing of the Jewish youths. It has also been said concerning the killing of the youths something other than this, namely: ʿAmr b. al-Nuʿmān al-Bayāḍī al-Khazrajī said to his people, the Banū Bayāḍah, “Your father settled you in a bad dwelling place. By God, water will not touch my head until I settle you in the dwellings of Qurayẓah and al-Naḍīr or kill their hostages!” The dwellings of Qurayẓah and al-Naḍīr were the best of places. He sent to Qurayẓah and al-Naḍīr: “Either make way between us and your homes, or we will kill the hostages.” They resolved to leave their homes, but Kaʿb b. Asad al-Quraẓī said to them, “O people, defend your homes and let him kill the youths. It is but a night in which one of you gets a woman until one like them is born to him.” So they sent to them: “We will not move from our homes. Look after our hostages and safeguard them for us.” Then ʿAmr b. al-Nuʿmān fell upon their hostages and killed them. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy b. Salūl opposed him and said, “This is transgression and sin,” and he forbade him from killing them and from fighting his own people of the Aws. He said to him, “It is as if I see you carried off slain in a cloak, carried by four men.” So he and those who obeyed him killed none of the youths and released them. Among them was Sulaym b. Asad, the grandfather of Muḥammad b. Kaʿb. At that time Qurayẓah, al-Naḍīr, and the Aws allied against the Khazraj, and fighting took place among them. That day was called the Day of the Second Fijār. This account is more likely to justify naming the day Fijār. As for the first account, they killed the hostages only as recompense for the treachery of the Jews, so it is not a Fijār on the part of the Khazraj unless it is called Fijār because of the treachery of the Jews.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.