Tarikh (al-Tabari) 602
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
حِلْفُ الْفُضُولِ [ سَبَبُ تَسْمِيَتِهِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَأَمَّا حِلْفُ الْفُضُولِ فَحَدَّثَنِي زِيَادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَكَّائِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إسْحَاقَ قَالَ: تَدَاعَتْ قَبَائِلُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إلَى حِلْفٍ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا لَهُ فِي دَارِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ، لِشَرَفِهِ وَسِنِّهِ، فَكَانَ حِلْفُهُمْ عِنْدَهُ: بَنُو هَاشِمٍ، وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَأَسَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى. وَزُهْرَةُ بْنُ كِلَابٍ، وَتَيْمُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ فَتَعَاقَدُوا وَتَعَاهَدُوا عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَجِدُوا بِمَكَّةَ مَظْلُومًا مِنْ أَهْلِهَا وَغَيْرِهِمْ مِمَّنْ دَخَلَهَا مِنْ سَائِرِ النَّاسِ إلَّا قَامُوا مَعَهُ، وَكَانُوا عَلَى مَنْ ظَلَمَهُ حَتَّى تُرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ مَظْلِمَتُهُ، فَسَمَّتْ قُرَيْشٌ ذَلِكَ الْحِلْفَ حِلْفَ الْفُضُولِ. [ حَدِيثُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ حِلْفِ الْفُضُولِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْمُهَاجِرِ بْنِ قُنْفُذٍ التَّيْمِيُّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَوْفِ الزُّهْرِيَّ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: لَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ فِي دَارِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ حِلْفًا مَا أُحِبُّ أَنَّ لِي بِهِ حُمْرَ النَّعَمِ وَلَوْ أُدْعَى بِهِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَأَجَبْتُ [ نَازَعَ الْحُسَيْنُ الْوَلِيدَ فِي حَقٍّ، وَهَدَّدَ بِالدَّعْوَةِ إلَى حِلْفِ الْفُضُولِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ الْهَادِي اللَّيْثِيُّ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ التَّيْمِيَّ حَدَّثَهُ: أَنَّهُ كَانَ بَيْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ، وَبَيْنَ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ. وَالْوَلِيدُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَمِيرٌ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْهَا عَمُّهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ ؓ مُنَازَعَةً فِي مَالٍ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِذِي الْمَرْوَةِ. فَكَانَ الْوَلِيدُ تَحَامَلَ عَلَى الْحُسَيْنِ ؓ فِي حَقِّهِ لِسُلْطَانِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ: أَحْلِفُ بِاَللَّهِ لَتُنْصِفَنِّي مِنْ حَقِّي أَوْ لَآخُذَنَّ سَيْفِي، ثُمَّ لَأَقُومَنَّ فِي مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، ثُمَّ لَأَدْعُوَنَّ بِحِلْفِ الْفُضُولِ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَهُوَ عِنْدَ الْوَلِيدِ حِينَ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ ؓ مَا قَالَ: وَأَنَا أَحْلِفُ بِاَللَّهِ لَئِنْ دَعَا بِهِ لَآخُذَنَّ سَيْفِي، ثُمَّ لَأَقُومَنَّ مَعَهُ حَتَّى يُنْصَفَ مِنْ حَقِّهِ أَوْ نَمُوتَ جَمِيعًا. قَالَ: فَبَلَّغْتُ الْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ بْنَ نَوْفَلٍ الزُّهْرِيَّ، فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَبَلَّغْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ التَّيْمِيَّ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ أَنْصَفَ الْحُسَيْنَ مِنْ حَقِّهِ حَتَّى رَضِيَ. [ سَأَلَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ وَبَنِي نَوْفَلٍ وَدُخُولِهِمَا فِي حِلْفِ الْفُضُولِ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِخُرُوجِهِمَا مِنْهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ الْهَادِي اللَّيْثِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ التَّيْمِيِّ قَالَ: قَدِمَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ - وَكَانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ أَعْلَمَ قُرَيْشٍ - عَلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ حِينَ قَتَلَ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ، أَلَمْ نَكُنْ نَحْنُ وَأَنْتُمْ، يَعْنِي بَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَبَنِيَّ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ فِي حِلْفِ الْفُضُولِ ؟ قَالَ: أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ، قَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ: لِتُخْبِرَنِّي يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ بِالْحَقِّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؛ فَقَالَ: لَا وَاَللَّهِ، لَقَدْ خَرَجْنَا نَحْنُ وَأَنْتُمْ مِنْهُ قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ.
Translation
✧ The Alliance of the Virtuous [The reason for its naming] Ibn Hishām said: As for the Alliance of the Virtuous, Ziyād b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Bakkāʾī related to me from Muḥammad b. Isḥāq, who said: Several clans of Quraysh called one another to an alliance, and they gathered for it in the house of ʿAbd Allāh b. Judʿān b. ʿAmr b. Kaʿb b. Saʿd b. Taym b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy, on account of his nobility and his age. Their alliance was made in his presence: Banū Hāshim, Banū al-Muṭṭalib, Asad b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā, Zuhrah b. Kilāb, and Taym b. Murrah. They made a pact and a covenant that they would not find in Makkah any wronged person, whether from its own inhabitants or from others who entered it from the rest of the people, except that they would stand with him, and they would be against whoever wronged him until his right was restored to him. Quraysh named that alliance the Alliance of the Virtuous. [The Messenger of Allāh’s ﷺ statement about the Alliance of the Virtuous] Ibn Isḥāq said: Muḥammad b. Zayd b. al-Muhājir b. Qunfudh al-Taymī related to me that he heard Ṭalḥah b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAwf al-Zuhrī say: The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “Indeed I witnessed in the house of ʿAbd Allāh b. Judʿān an alliance which I would not love to exchange for red camels; and if I were called to it in Islam, I would answer.” [Al-Ḥusayn disputed with al-Walīd over a right and threatened to call upon the Alliance of the Virtuous] Ibn Isḥāq said: Yazīd b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Usāmah b. al-Hādī al-Laythī related to me that Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm b. al-Ḥārith al-Taymī related to him: There was between al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ and al-Walīd b. ʿUtbah b. Abī Sufyān—al-Walīd being at that time governor of al-Madīnah, appointed over it by his paternal uncle Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān ؓ—a dispute over property between them at Dhū al-Marwah. Al-Walīd had taken advantage of his authority against al-Ḥusayn ؓ in his right. Al-Ḥusayn said to him: “I swear by Allāh, you will either give me justice regarding my right, or I will take up my sword, then I will stand in the mosque of the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, then I will call upon the Alliance of the Virtuous.” He said: ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr, who was with al-Walīd when al-Ḥusayn ؓ said what he said, said: “And I swear by Allāh, if he calls upon it, I will take up my sword, then I will stand with him until he is given justice regarding his right or we all die together.” He said: I conveyed that to al-Miswar b. Makhramah b. Nawfal al-Zuhrī, and he said something similar; and I conveyed it to ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿUthmān b. ʿUbayd Allāh al-Taymī, and he said something similar. When that reached al-Walīd b. ʿUtbah, he gave al-Ḥusayn justice regarding his right until he was satisfied. [ʿAbd al-Malik asked Muḥammad b. Jubayr about ʿAbd Shams and Banū Nawfal and their being included in the Alliance of the Virtuous, and he informed him of their exclusion from it] Ibn Isḥāq said: Yazīd b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Usāmah b. al-Hādī al-Laythī related to me from Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm b. al-Ḥārith al-Taymī, who said: Muḥammad b. Jubayr b. Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī b. Nawfal b. ʿAbd Manāf—and Muḥammad b. Jubayr was the most learned of Quraysh—came to ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān b. al-Ḥakam after he had killed Ibn al-Zubayr and the people had gathered around ʿAbd al-Malik. When he entered upon him, he said to him: “O Abū Saʿīd, were we and you not—meaning Banū ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf and Banū Nawfal b. ʿAbd Manāf—in the Alliance of the Virtuous?” He replied: “You know best.” ʿAbd al-Malik said: “You must tell me the truth about that, O Abū Saʿīd.” He said: “No, by Allāh, we and you left it.” He said: “You have spoken truthfully.”
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.