Tarikh (al-Tabari) 576
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
يَوْمُ الْإِيَادِ، وَهُوَ يَوْمُ أُعْشَاشٍ وَيَوْمُ الْعُظَالَى وَإِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ يَوْمَ الْعُظَالَى لِأَنَّ بِسْطَامَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ وَهَانِئَ بْنَ قَبِيصَةَ وَمَفْرُوقَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو تَعَاظَلُوا عَلَى الرِّيَاسَةِ، وَكَانَتْ بَكْرٌ تَحْتَ يَدِ كِسْرَى وَفَارِسَ، وَكَانُوا يُقِرُّونَهُمْ وَيُجَهِّزُونَهُمْ، فَأَقْبَلُوا مِنْ عِنْدِ عَامِلِ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ فِي ثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ مُتَسَانِدِينَ، وَهُمْ يَتَوَقَّعُونَ انْحِدَارَ بَنِي يَرْبُوعٍ فِي الْحَزْنِ، فَاجْتَمَعَ بَنُو عُتَيْبَةَ وَبَنُو عُبَيْدٍ وَبَنُو زُبَيْدٍ فِي الْحَزْنِ. فَحَلَّتْ بَنُو زُبَيْدٍ الْحَدِيقَةَ، وَحَلَّتْ بَنُو عُتَيْبَةَ وَبَنُو عُبَيْدٍ رَوْضَةَ الثَّمَدِ، فَأَقْبَلَ جَيْشُ بَكْرٍ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا هَضَبَةَ الْخَصِيِّ، فَرَأَى بِسْطَامُ السَّوَادَ بِالْحَدِيقَةِ، وَثَمَّ غُلَامٌ عَرَفَهُ بِسْطَامٌ، وَكَانَ قَدْ عَرَفَ غِلْمَانَ بَنِي ثَعْلَبَةَ حِينَ أَسَرَهُ عُتْبَةُ. فَسَأَلَهُ بِسْطَامٌ عَنِ السَّوَادِ الَّذِي بِالْحَدِيقَةِ، فَقَالَ: هُمْ بَنُو زُبَيْدٍ. قَالَ: كَمْ هُمْ مِنْ بَيْتٍ ؟ قَالَ: خَمْسُونَ بَيْتًا. قَالَ: فَأَيْنَ بَنُو عُتَيْبَةَ وَبَنُو عُبَيْدٍ ؟ قَالَ: هُمْ بِرَوْضَةِ الثَّمَدِ وَسَائِرُ النَّاسِ بِخِفَافٍ، وَهُوَ مَوْضِعٌ. فَقَالَ بِسْطَامٌ: أَتُطِيعُونِي يَا بَنِي بَكْرٍ ؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: أَرَى لَكُمْ أَنْ تَغْنَمُوا هَذَا الْحَيَّ الْمُتَفَرِّدَ بَنِي زُبَيْدٍ وَتَعُودُوا سَالِمِينَ. قَالُوا: وَمَا يُغْنِي بَنُو زُبَيْدٍ عَنَّا ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّ فِي السَّلَامَةِ إِحْدَى الْغَنِيمَتَيْنِ. قَالُوا: إِنَّ عُتَيْبَةَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ قَدْ مَاتَ. وَقَالَ مَفْرُوقٌ: قَدِ انْتَفَخَ سَحْرُكَ يَا أَبَا الصَّهْبَاءِ ! وَقَالَ هَانِئٌ: اخْسَأْ ! فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أُسَيْدَ بْنَ جُبَاةَ لَا يُفَارِقُ فَرَسَهُ الشَّقْرَاءَ لَيْلًا وَنَهَارًا، فَإِذَا أَحَسَّ بِكُمْ رَكِبَهَا حَتَّى يُشْرِفَ عَلَى مُلَيْحَةَ فَيُنَادِي: يَا آلَ ثَعْلَبَةَ، فَيَلْقَاكُمْ طَعْنٌ يُنْسِيكُمُ الْغَنِيمَةَ، وَلَمْ يُبْصِرْ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ مَصْرَعَ صَاحِبِهِ، وَقَدْ عَصَيْتُمُونِي وَأَنَا تَابِعُكُمْ وَسَتَعْلَمُونَ. فَأَغَارُوا عَلَى بَنِي زُبَيْدٍ، وَأَقْبَلُوا نَحْوَ بَنِي عُتَيْبَةَ وَبَنِي عُبَيْدٍ، فَأَحَسَّتِ الشَّقْرَاءُ فَرَسُ أُسَيْدٍ بِوَقْعِ الْحَوَافِرِ فَنَخَسَتْ بِحَافِرِهَا، فَرَكِبَهَا أُسَيْدٌ وَتَوَجَّهَ نَحْوَ بَنِي يَرْبُوعٍ بِمُلَيْحَةَ وَنَادَى: يَا سُوءَ صَبَاحَاهُ ! يَا آلَ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ يَرْبُوعٍ ! فَمَا ارْتَفَعَ الضُّحَى حَتَّى تَلَاحَقُوا فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، فَانْهَزَمَتْ شَيْبَانُ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَتَلَتْ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ فُرْسَانِهِمْ، وَقُتِلَ مِنْ شَيْبَانَ أَيْضًا وَأُسِرَ جَمَاعَةٌ، مِنْهُمْ: هَانِئُ بْنُ قَبِيصَةَ، فَفَدَى نَفْسَهُ وَنَجَا، فَقَالَ مُتَمِّمُ بْنُ نُوَيْرَةَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ: لَعَمْرِي لَنِعْمَ الْحَيُّ أَسْمَعُ غُدْوَةٌ أُسَيْدٌ وَقَدْ جَدَّ الصُّرَاخُ الْمُصَدِّقُ وَأَسْمَعُ فِتْيَانًا كَجِنَّةِ عَبْقَرٍ لَهُمْ رَيِّقٌ عِنْدَ الطِّعَانِ وَمَصْدَقُ أَخَذْنَ بِهِمْ جَنْبَيْ أُفَاقٍ وَبَطْنَهَا فَمَا رَجَعُوا حَتَّى أَرَقُّوا وَأَعْتَقُوا وَقَالَ الْعَوَّامُّ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ: قَبَّحَ الْإِلَهُ عِصَابَةً مِنْ وَائِلٍ يَوْمَ الْأُفَاقَةِ أَسْلَمُوا بِسْطَامَا وَرَأَى أَبُو الصَّهْبَاءِ دُونَ سَوَامِهِمْ طَعْنًا يُسَلِّي نَفْسَهُ وَزِحَامَا كُنْتُمْ أُسُودًا فِي الْوَغَى فَوُجِدْتُمُ يَوْمَ الْأُفَاقَةِ فِي الْغَبِيطِ نَعَامَا وَأَكْثَرَ الْعَوَّامُ الشِّعْرَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ. فَلَمَّا أَلَحَّ فِيهِ أَخَذَ بِسْطَامٌ إِبِلَهُ، فَقَالَتْ أُمُّهُ: أَرَى كُلَّ ذِي شِعْرٍ أَصَابَ بِشِعْرِهِ خَلَا أَنَّ عَوَّامَا بِمَا قَالَ عَيَّلَا فَلَا يَنْطِقْنَ شِعْرًا يَكُونُ جَوَازُهُ كَمَا شَعْرِ عَوَّامٍ أَعَامَ وَأَرْجَلَا
Translation
✧ The Day of al-Iyād, which is the Day of Uʿshāsh and the Day of al-ʿUẓālā It was only called the Day of al-ʿUẓālā because Bisṭām b. Qays, Hāniʾ b. Qabīṣa, and Mafrūq b. ʿAmr vied with one another for leadership. Bakr was under the authority of Kisrā and Persia, and they would install them and equip them. So they set out from the governor of ʿAyn al-Tamr in three hundred, supporting one another, while they expected the descent of Banū Yarbūʿ into the stony tract. Banū ʿUtayba, Banū ʿUbayd, and Banū Zubayd gathered in the stony tract. Banū Zubayd halted at al-Ḥadīqa, and Banū ʿUtayba and Banū ʿUbayd halted at Rawḍat al-Thamad. The army of Bakr came until they halted at Haḍabat al-Khaṣī. Bisṭām saw the dark mass at al-Ḥadīqa, and there was a boy whom Bisṭām recognized, for he had known the boys of Banū Thaʿlaba when ʿUtba captured him. Bisṭām asked him about the dark mass that was at al-Ḥadīqa, and he said: "They are Banū Zubayd." He said: "How many households are they?" He said: "Fifty households." He said: "Where are Banū ʿUtayba and Banū ʿUbayd?" He said: "They are at Rawḍat al-Thamad, and the rest of the people are at Khifāf," which is a place. Bisṭām said: "Will you obey me, O Banū Bakr?" They said: "Yes." He said: "I am of the opinion that you should seize this isolated clan, Banū Zubayd, and return safe." They said: "What use are Banū Zubayd to us?" He said: "In safety is one of the two gains." They said: "ʿUtayba b. al-Ḥārith has died." Mafrūq said: "Your lungs have become inflated, O Abū al-Ṣahbāʾ!" Hāniʾ said: "Be gone!" He said: "Usayd b. Jubāta does not part from his mare al-Shaqrāʾ night or day. If he senses you, he will ride her until he overlooks Mulayḥa and calls out: 'O clan of Thaʿlaba!' Then you will meet a thrusting that will make you forget the booty, and not one of you will see where his companion falls. You have disobeyed me, but I will follow you, and you will come to know." Then they raided Banū Zubayd and advanced toward Banū ʿUtayba and Banū ʿUbayd. Al-Shaqrāʾ, Usayd's mare, sensed the striking of hooves and stamped with her hoof. Usayd mounted her and headed toward Banū Yarbūʿ at Mulayḥa and called out: "O evil of the morning! O clan of Thaʿlaba b. Yarbūʿ!" Before the forenoon had risen, they caught up with one another and fought a fierce battle. Shaybān was defeated after they had killed a group of Tamīm's horsemen, and some of Shaybān were also killed, and a group was taken captive, among them Hāniʾ b. Qabīṣa, who ransomed himself and escaped. Mutammim b. Nuwayra said on this day: By my life, excellent is the clan I hear at dawn, Usayd, when the confirming cry grew loud, And I hear youths like the jinn of ʿAbqar, Who have a foretaste in the thrusting and a proving; They took them by both sides of Ufāq and its hollow, And they did not return until they had made thin and set free. And al-ʿAwwām said on this day: May God make ugly a band of Wāʾil On the day of al-Ufāqa, who surrendered Bisṭām; Abū al-Ṣahbāʾ saw, before their cattle, A thrusting that consoled his soul and a pressing; You were lions in the battle, but you were found On the day of al-Ufāqa in the howdah to be ostriches. And al-ʿAwwām composed much poetry on this day. When he persisted in it, Bisṭām took his camels, and his mother said: I see every poet who has hit with his poetry, Except that ʿAwwām, by what he said, has impoverished; So let no one utter poetry whose recompense will be Like the poetry of ʿAwwām: he has made public and made one lame.
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