Tarikh (al-Tabari) 572
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
ذِكْرُ أَسْرِ حَاتِمِ طَيِّءٍ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ: أَغَارَ حَاتِمُ طَيِّءٍ بِجَيْشٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ عَلَى بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ فَقَاتَلُوهُمْ، وَانْهَزَمَتْ طَيِّءٌ وَقُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ وَأُسِرَ جَمَاعَةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ، وَكَانَ فِي الْأَسْرَى حَاتِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطَّائِيُّ، فَبَقِيَ مُوثَقًا عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ عُنَيْزَةَ، فَأَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْهُمُ اسْمُهَا عَالِيَةُ بِنَاقَةٍ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: افْصِدْ هَذِهِ، فَنَحَرَهَا، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهَا مَنْحُورَةً صَرَخَتْ، فَقَالَ حَاتِمٌ: عَالِيَ لَا تَلْتَدُّ مِنْ عَالِيَهْ إِنَّ الَّذِي أَهْلَكْتُ مِنْ مَالِيَهْ إِنَّ ابْنَ أَسْمَاءَ لَكُمْ ضَامِنٌ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّي آنِسٌ نَاوِيَهْ لَا أَفْصِدُ النَّاقَةَ فِي أَنْفِهَا لَكِنَّنِي أُوجِرُهَا الْعَالِيَهْ إِنِّي عَنِ الْفَصْدِ لَفِي مَفْخَرٍ يَكْرَهُ مِنِّي الْمِفْصَدُ الْآلِيَهْ وَالْخَيْلُ إِنَّ شَمَّصَ فُرْسَانُهَا تَذْكُرُ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ أَمْثَالِيَهْ وَقَالَ رُمَيْضٌ الْعَنَزِيُّ يَفْتَخِرُ: وَنَحْنُ أَسَرْنَا حَاتِمًا وَابْنَ ظَالِمٍ فَكُلٌّ ثَوَى فِي قَيْدِنَا وَهْوَ يَخْشَعُ وَكَعْبَ إِيَادٍ قَدْ أَسَرْنَا وَبَعْدَهُ أَسَرْنَا أَبَا حَسَّانَ وَالْخَيْلُ تَطْمَعُ وَرَيَّانَ غَادَرْنَا بِوَجٍّ كَأَنَّهُ وَأَشْيَاعَهُ فِيهَا صَرِيمٌ مُصَرَّعُ وَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الذُّهْلِيُّ قَصِيدَةً يَفْتَخِرُ بِأَيَّامِ قَوْمِهِ، وَهِيَ طَوِيلَةٌ، وَفِيهَا آدَابٌ حَسَنَةٌ، تَرَكْنَاهَا كَرَاهِيَةَ التَّطْوِيلِ، وَأَوَّلُهَا: أَمِنْ عِرْفَانَ مَنْزِلَةٌ وَدَارٌ تُعَاوِرُهَا الْبَوَارِحُ وَالسَّوَارِي وَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ: جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ وَلَيْسَ فِي الْعَرَبِ أَحَدٌ أَعَزُّ دَارًا وَلَا أَمْنَعُ جَارًا وَلَا أَكْثَرُ حَلِيفًا مِنْ شَيْبَانَ. كَانَتْ عَنِينَةُ مِنْ لَخْمٍ فِي الْأَحْلَافِ، وَكَانَتْ دَرْمَكَةُ بْنُ كِنْدَةَ فِي بَنِي هِنْدٍ، وَكَانَتْ عِكْرِمَةُ مِنْ طَيِّءٍ، وَحَوْتَكَةُ مِنْ عُذْرَةَ وَبُنَانَةُ، كُلُّ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ، وَكَانَتْ عَائِذَةُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، وَضَبَّةُ وَحَوَاسُ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ، هَؤُلَاءِ فِي بَنِي أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ، وَكَانَتْ سَلِيمَةُ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ فِي بَنِي أَسْعَدَ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ، وَكَانَتْ وَثِيلَةُ مِنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ، وَبَنُو خَيْبَرِيٍّ مِنْ طَيٍّءٍ فِي بَنِي تَمِيمِ بْنِ شَيْبَانَ، وَكَانَتْ عَوْفُ بْنُ حَارِثٍ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ فِي بَنِي مُحَلَّمٍ. كُلُّ هَذِهِ قَبَائِلُ وَبُطُونٌ جَاوَرَتْ شَيْبَانَ فَعَزَّتْ بِهَا وَكَثُرَتْ.
Translation
✧ Account of the Captivity of Ḥātim Ṭayyiʾ Abū ʿUbaydah said: Ḥātim of Ṭayyiʾ raided with an army of his people against Bakr b. Wāʾil, and they fought them; Ṭayyiʾ was routed, some of them were killed, and a large group was taken captive. Among the captives was Ḥātim b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṭāʾī. He remained bound in the custody of a man of ʿUnayzah. A woman of theirs named ʿĀliyah came to him with a she-camel and said to him, “Bleed this one,” so he slaughtered it. When she saw it slaughtered, she cried out, and Ḥātim said: ʿĀlī, do not grieve over ʿĀliyah; that which I destroyed is of my own wealth. The son of Asmāʾ is a guarantor for you, until a friendly soul fulfills the intention. I would not bleed the she-camel in its nose, but I would rather give it as recompense in the high place. I take pride in refraining from bleeding; the bleeding instrument is loathsome to me, the one of high worth. The horses, when their riders bestir them, remember the likes of me at the moment of death. And Rumayḍ al-ʿAnazī said, boasting: We captured Ḥātim and Ibn Ẓālim; so each lay in our bonds while he was submissive. And Kaʿb of Iyād we captured, and after him we captured Abū Ḥassān while the horses were eager. And Rayyān we left at Wajj, as though he and his partisans among them were a felled palm trunk. And Yaḥyā b. Manṣūr al-Dhuhlī composed an ode boasting of the battle-days of his people. It is long, and it contains fine moral lessons; we have omitted it to avoid prolixity. Its opening is: Is it from recognition of a dwelling place and abode that the hot winds and night rains visit in turn? Abū ʿUbaydah said: Islam came while there was no one among the Arabs more secure in their abode, more protective of the neighbor, or more numerous in allies than Shaybān. The ʿAnīnah of Lakhm were among the allies; the Darmakah b. Kindah were among Banū Hind; the ʿIkrimah of Ṭayyiʾ, the Ḥawtakah of ʿUdhrah, and Bunānah—all these were among Banū al-Ḥārith b. Hammām. The ʿĀʾidhah of Quraysh, and Ḍabbah and Ḥawās of Kindah—these were among Banū Abī Rabīʿah. The Salīmah of Banū ʿAbd al-Qays were among Banū Asʿad b. Hammām. The Wathīlah of Thaʿlabah, and Banū Khaybarī of Ṭayyʾ were among Banū Tamīm b. Shaybān. The ʿAwf b. Ḥārith of Kindah were among Banū Muḥallim. All these tribes and clans lived as neighbors to Shaybān, and through them it became mighty and numerous.
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