Tarikh (al-Tabari) 495
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
[ دَعْوَةُ تُبَّانَ قَوْمَهُ إلَى النصرانيَّة، وَتَحْكِيمُهُمْ النَّارَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ ] ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْهَا مُتَوَجِّهًا إلَى الْيَمَنِ بِمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ جُنُودِهِ وَبِالْحَبْرَيْنِ، حَتَّى إذَا دَخَلَ الْيَمَنَ دَعَا قَوْمَهُ إلَى الدُّخُولِ فِيمَا دَخَلَ فِيهِ، فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهِ، حَتَّى يُحَاكِمُوهُ إلَى النَّارِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بِالْيَمَنِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو مَالِكِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مَالِكِ القُرَظيُّ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ إبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ يُحَدِّثُ: أَنَّ تُبَّعًا لَمَّا دَنَا مِنْ الْيَمَنِ لِيَدْخُلَهَا حَالَتْ حِمْيَرُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ: وَقَالُوا: لَا تَدْخُلُهَا عَلَيْنَا، وَقَدْ فَارَقْتَ دِينَنَا، فَدَعَاهُمْ إلَى دِينِهِ وَقَالَ: إنَّهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ دِينِكُمْ، فَقَالُوا: فَحَاكِمْنَا إلَى النَّارِ؛ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: وَكَانَتْ بِالْيَمَنِ - فِيمَا يَزْعُمُ أَهْلُ الْيَمَنِ - نَارٌ تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِيمَا يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ، تَأْكُلُ الظَّالِمَ وَلَا تَضُرُّ الْمَظْلُومَ، فَخَرَجَ قَوْمُهُ بِأَوْثَانِهِمْ وَمَا يَتَقَرَّبُونَ بِهِ فِي دِينِهِمْ وَخَرَجَ الْحَبْرَانِ بِمَصَاحِفِهِمَا فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمَا مُتَقَلِّدَيْهَا، حَتَّى قَعَدُوا لِلنَّارِ عِنْدَ مَخْرَجِهَا الَّذِي تَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ، فَخَرَجَتْ النَّارُ إلَيْهِمْ، فَلَمَّا أَقْبَلَتْ نَحْوَهُمْ حَادُوا عَنْهَا وَهَابُوهَا، فَذَمَرَهُمْ مَنْ حَضَرَهُمْ مِنْ النَّاسِ، وَأَمَرُوهُمْ بِالصَّبْرِ لَهَا، فَصَبَرُوا حَتَّى غَشِيَتْهُمْ، فَأَكَلَتْ الْأَوْثَانَ وَمَا قَرَّبُوا مَعَهَا، وَمَنْ حَمَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رِجَالِ حِمْيَرَ، وَخَرَجَ الْحَبْرَانِ بِمَصَاحِفِهِمَا فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمَا تَعْرَقُ جِبَاهُهُمَا لَمْ تَضُرَّهُمَا، فَأُصْفِقَتْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حِمْيَرُ عَلَى دِينِهِ، فَمِنْ هُنَالِكَ وَعَنْ ذَلِكَ كَانَ أَصْلُ الْيَهُودِيَّةِ بِالْيَمَنِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَدْ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَدِّثٌ أَنَّ الْحَبْرَيْنِ، وَمَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ حِمْيَرَ، إنَّمَا اتَّبَعُوا النَّارَ لِيَرُدُّوهَا، وَقَالُوا: مَنْ رَدَّهَا فَهُوَ أَوْلَى بِالْحَقِّ، فَدَنَا مِنْهَا رِجَالٌ مِنْ حِمْيَرَ بِأَوْثَانِهِمْ لِيَرُدُّوهَا فَدَنَتْ مِنْهُمْ لِتَأْكُلَهُمْ، فَحَادُوا عَنْهَا وَلَمْ يَسْتَطِيعُوا رَدَّهَا وَدَنَا مِنْهَا الْحَبْرَانِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَجَعَلَا يَتْلُوَانِ التَّوْرَاةَ وَتَنْكُصُ عَنْهُمَا، حَتَّى رَدَّاهَا إلَى مَخْرَجِهَا الَّذِي خَرَجَتْ مِنْهُ، فَأُصْفِقَتْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حِمْيَرُ عَلَى دِينِهِمَا، وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَيُّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ.
Translation
✧ [Tubbaʿ's Call to His People to Christianity, and Their Referring Him and Themselves to the Fire] Then he departed from it, heading to Yemen with the troops who were with him and the two rabbis, until when he entered Yemen he called his people to enter into what he had entered into, but they refused, unless they referred him to the fire that was in Yemen. Ibn Isḥāq said: Abū Mālik b. Thaʿlabah b. Abī Mālik al-Quraẓī related to me, saying: I heard Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. Ṭalḥah b. ʿUbayd Allāh narrate: When Tubbaʿ drew near Yemen to enter it, Ḥimyar barred his way and said: You shall not enter it against us, for you have departed from our religion. So he called them to his religion and said: It is better than your religion. They said: Then refer us to the fire. He said: Yes. He said: There was in Yemen—as the people of Yemen claim—a fire that judged between them in their disputes, consuming the wrongdoer and not harming the wronged. So his people came out with their idols and whatever they used to draw near with in their religion, and the two rabbis came out with their scriptures hung around their necks, until they sat before the fire at its outlet from which it emerged. The fire came out toward them, and when it approached them they turned aside from it and feared it. Those present among the people urged them on and commanded them to endure it, so they endured until it engulfed them. It consumed the idols and what they had offered with them, along with those men of Ḥimyar who carried that, while the two rabbis came out with their scriptures around their necks, their foreheads sweating, and it did not harm them. Thereupon Ḥimyar unanimously agreed upon his religion, and from that point and because of that was the origin of Judaism in Yemen. Ibn Isḥāq said: A narrator also related to me that the two rabbis and those who came out of Ḥimyar only followed the fire to drive it back, saying: Whoever drives it back is more deserving of the truth. Some men of Ḥimyar approached it with their idols to drive it back, and it drew near them to consume them, so they turned aside from it and could not drive it back. Then the two rabbis approached it and began reciting the Torah, and it retreated from them until they drove it back to its outlet from which it had emerged. Thereupon Ḥimyar unanimously agreed upon their religion. And God knows best which of the two it was.
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