Tarikh (al-Tabari) 437
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
ابْنُ فِهْرٍ فِهْرٌ بِكَسْرِ الْفَاءِ وَسُكُونِ الْهَاءِ فَرَاءٍ مَنْقُولٌ مِنَ الْفِهْرِ، وَهُوَ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ الطَّوِيلِ. قَالَهُ السُّهَيْلِيُّ. قَالَ الْخُشَنِيُّ: الْفِهْرُ حَجَرُ مِلْءِ الْكَفِّ يُذَكَّرُ وَيُؤَنَّثُ وَفِي "تَقْوِيمِ الْمُفْسِدِ" عَنِ الْأَصْمَعِيِّ: مَنْ أَنَّثَ الْفِهْرَ أَخْطَأَ. وَكُنْيَتُهُ أَبُو غَالِبٍ. وَأَمُّهُ جَنْدَلَةُ، بِجِيمٍ فَنُونٍ سَاكِنَةٍ فَدَالٍ مُهْمَلَةٍ، بِنْتُ عَامِرِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ابْنِ مُضَاضٍ الْجُرْهُمِيِّ، وَكَانَ رَئِيسَ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَهُوَ قُرَيْشٌ فِي قَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَنَسَبَهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ وَالْحَافِظُ لِأَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ. قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَدْرَكْتُ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ أَدْرَكْتُ مِنْ نُسَّابِ الْعَرَبِ: أَنَّ مَنْ جَاوَزَ فِهْرًا فَلَيْسَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ. وَبِهِ قَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ وَهِشَامُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكَلْبِيُّ، وَمُصْعَبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ وَخَلْقٌ، وَصَحَّحَهُ الْحَافِظُ شَرَفُ الدِّينِ الدِّمْيَاطِيُّ وَالْحَافِظُ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ الْعِرَاقِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمَا. قَالَ الْحَافِظُ صَلَاحُ الدِّينِ بْنُ الْعَلَائِيِّ: وَعَلَيْهِ جُمْهُورُ أَهْلِ النَّسَبِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ قُرَيْشًا هُمْ بَنُو النَّضْرِ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ. وَإِلَيْهِ ذَهَبَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَعْمَرُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، وَأَبُو عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ. وَبِهِ قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الشَّافِعِيُّ ؓ وَعَنْهُمْ وَغَيْرُهُ. قَالَ الْحَافِظُ صَلَاحُ الدِّينِ الْعَلَائِيُّ: وَهُوَ الصَّحِيحُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْمُحَقِّقُونَ وَالْحُجَّةُ لَهُ حَدِيثُ الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ ؓ قَالَ: قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي وَفْدِ كِنْدَةَ فَقُلْتُ: أَلَسْتُمْ مِنَّا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: "لَا نَحْنُ بَنُو النَّضْرِ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ لَا نَقْفُوا أُمَّنَا وَلَا نَنْتَفِي مِنْ أَبِينَا". رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَةَ. قَالَ الْعَلَائِيُّ رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ. وَوَجْهُ الدَّلَالَةِ مِنْهُ ظَاهِرٌ. أَيْ لَا نَتْرُكُ النَّسَبَ إِلَى الْآبَاءِ وَنَنْتَسِبُ إِلَى الْأُمَّهَاتِ. فَصْلٌ وَكَانَ فِهْرٌ فِي زَمَانِهِ رَئِيسَ النَّاسِ بِمَكَّةَ، وَكَانَ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ حَسَّانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ كُلَالٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْقُلَ أَحْجَارَ الْكَعْبَةِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ، لِيَجْعَلَ النَّاسَ عِنْدَهُ، فَنَزَلَ بِنَخْلَةَ، فَأَغَارَ عَلَى سَرْحِ النَّاسِ، فَخَرَجَتْ إِلَيْهِ قُرَيْشٌ وَقَبَائِلُ كِنَانَةَ وَخُزَيْمَةُ وَأَسَدٍ وَجُذَامٍ، وَرَئِيسُهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ هُوَ [فِهْرُ] بْنُ مَالِكٍ. فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا فَهُزِمَتْ حِمْيَرُ وَأُسِرَ حَسَّانُ، أَسَرَهُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ فِهْرٍ، فَأَقَامَ فِي الْأَسْرِ بِمَكَّةَ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ حَتَّى افْتَدَى نَفْسَهُ مِنْهُمْ، فَأُخْرِجَ، فَمَاتَ بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْيَمَنِ
Translation
✧ Ibn Fihr Fihr, with kasrah on the fāʾ and sukūn on the hāʾ, then rāʾ, is transferred from al-fihr, which is among the long stones. Al-Suhaylī said that. Al-Khushanī said: Al-fihr is a stone that fills the palm; it is made masculine and feminine. In "Taqwīm al-Mufsid" from al-Aṣmaʿī: Whoever makes al-fihr feminine has erred. His kunyah was Abū Ghālib. His mother was Jandalah, with jīm, then nūn with sukūn, then unpointed dāl, daughter of ʿĀmir b. al-Ḥārith b. Muḍāḍ al-Jurhumī. He was the chief of the people of Makkah. He is Quraysh according to the saying of Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Shihāb al-Zuhrī, and al-Bayhaqī and al-Ḥāfiẓ attributed it to most of the people of knowledge. Ibn Shihāb said: This is what I found among those genealogists of the Arabs whom I met: whoever goes beyond Fihr is not of Quraysh. Al-Shaʿbī, Hishām b. Muḥammad al-Kalbī, Muṣʿab b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Zubayrī, and many others held this view. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Sharaf al-Dīn al-Dimyāṭī, al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū al-Faḍl al-ʿIrāqī, and others deemed it authentic. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn b. al-ʿAlāʾī said: The majority of the people of genealogy are upon this. It was also said: Quraysh are the Banū al-Naḍr b. Kinānah. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq, Abū ʿUbaydah Maʿmar b. al-Muthannā, and Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim b. Sallām went with this. Imam al-Shāfiʿī ؓ and others besides them held this view. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-ʿAlāʾī said: This is the sound view upon which the meticulous scholars are. The evidence for it is the ḥadīth of al-Ashʿath b. Qays ؓ who said: I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with the delegation of Kindah and said: Are you not from us, O Messenger of Allah? He said: "No, we are the Banū al-Naḍr b. Kinānah. We do not trace through our mother, nor do we disavow our father." Ibn Mājah narrated it. Al-ʿAlāʾī said: Its men are trustworthy. The point of indication from it is evident: that is, we do not abandon lineage to fathers and trace lineage to mothers. Faṣl In his time, Fihr was the chief of the people in Makkah. Ḥassān b. ʿAbd Kulāl al-Ḥimyarī had come from Yemen intending to transfer the stones of the Kaʿbah from Makkah to Yemen, to make the people be with him. He camped at Nakhlah and raided the people's livestock. Quraysh and the tribes of Kinānah, Khuzaymah, Asad, and Judhām went out against him, their chief that day being Fihr b. Mālik. They fought a severe battle, and Ḥimyar was defeated, and Ḥassān was taken captive; al-Ḥārith b. Fihr captured him. He remained in captivity in Makkah for three years until he ransomed himself from them, then he was released and died between Makkah and Yemen.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.