Tarikh (al-Tabari) 4357
Then the year 365 AH began
ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ خَمْسٍ وَسِتِّينَ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ ذِكْرُ وَفَاةِ الْمُعِزِّ لِدِينِ اللَّهِ الْعَلَوِيِّ وَوِلَايَةِ ابْنِهِ الْعَزِيزِ بِاللَّهِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ تُوُفِّيَ الْمُعِزُّ لِدِينِ اللَّهِ أَبُو تَمِيمٍ مَعَدُّ بْنُ الْمَنْصُورِ بِاللَّهِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ الْقَائِمِ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمَهْدِيِّ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَلَوِيِّ الْحُسَيْنِيِّ بِمِصْرَ، وَأُمُّهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ، وَكَانَ مَوْتُهُ سَابِعَ عَشَرَ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْآخِرِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَوُلِدَ بِالْمَهْدِيَّةِ مِنْ إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ حَادِيَ عَشَرَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ، وَعُمْرُهُ خَمْسٌ وَأَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً وَسِتَّةُ أَشْهُرٍ تَقْرِيبًا. وَكَانَ سَبَبُ مَوْتِهِ أَنَّ مَلِكَ الرُّومِ بِالْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولًا كَانَ يَتَرَدَّدُ إِلَيْهِ بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، فَخَلَا بِهِ بَعْضَ الْأَيَّامِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمُعِزُّ: أَتَذْكُرُ إِذْ أَتَيْتَنِي رَسُولًا، وَأَنَا بِالْمَهْدِيَّةِ، فَقُلْتُ لَكَ: لَتَدْخُلَنَّ عَلَيَّ وَأَنَا بِمِصْرَ مَالِكًا لَهَا ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ ! قَالَ: وَأَنَا أَقُولُ لَكَ: لَتَدْخُلَنَّ عَلَيَّ بِبَغْدَاذَ وَأَنَا خَلِيفَةٌ. فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّسُولُ: إِنْ أَمَّنْتَنِي عَلَى نَفْسِي، وَلَمْ تَغْضَبْ، قُلْتُ لَكَ مَا عِنْدِي. قَالَ لَهُ الْمُعِزُّ: قُلْ وَأَنْتَ آمِنٌ، قَالَ: بَعَثَنِي إِلَيْكَ الْمَلِكُ ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ، فَرَأَيْتُ مِنْ عَظَمَتِكَ فِي عَيْنِي وَكَثْرَةِ أَصْحَابِكَ مَا كِدْتُ أَمُوتُ مِنْهُ، وَوَصَلْتُ إِلَى قَصْرِكَ، فَرَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ نُورًا عَظِيمًا غَطَّى بَصَرِي، ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْكَ، فَرَأَيْتُكَ عَلَى سَرِيرِكَ، فَظَنَنْتُكَ خَالِقًا، فَلَوْ قُلْتَ لِي إِنَّكَ تَعْرُجُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ لَتَحَقَّقْتُ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ جِئْتُ إِلَيْكَ الْآنَ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا، أَشْرَفْتُ عَلَى مَدِينَتِكَ، فَكَانَتْ فِي عَيْنِي سَوْدَاءُ مُظْلِمَةٌ، ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْكَ، فَمَا وَجَدْتُ مِنَ الْمَهَابَةِ مَا وَجَدْتُهُ ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ، فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ أَمْرًا مُقْبِلًا، وَإِنَّهُ الْآنَ بِضِدِّ مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ. فَأَطْرَقَ الْمُعِزُّ وَخَرَجَ الرَّسُولُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ، وَأَخَذَتِ الْمُعِزَّ الْحُمَّى لِشِدَّةِ مَا وَجَدَ، وَاتَّصَلَ مَرَضُهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ. وَكَانَتْ وِلَايَتُهُ ثَلَاثًا وَعِشْرِينَ وَخَمْسَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ، مِنْهَا: مُقَامُهُ بِمِصْرَ، وَالْبَاقِي بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ الْخُلَفَاءِ الْعَلَوِيِّينَ مَلَكَ مِصْرَ وَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهَا، وَكَانَ مُغْرًى بِالنُّجُومِ، وَيَعْمَلُ بِأَقْوَالِ الْمُنَجِّمِينَ. قَالَ لَهُ مُنَجِّمُهُ: إِنَّ عَلَيْهِ قَطْعًا فِي وَقْتِ كَذَا، وَأَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ بِعَمَلِ سِرْدَابٍ يَخْتَفِي فِيهِ إِلَى أَنْ يَجُوزَ ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتُ، فَفَعَلَ مَا أَمَرَهُ وَأَحْضَرَ قُوَّادَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنَّ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ عَهْدًا أَنَا مَاضٍ إِلَيْهِ، وَقَدِ اسْتَخْلَفْتُ عَلَيْكُمُ ابْنِي نِزَارًا، يَعْنِي الْعَزِيزَ، فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا. وَنَزَلَ السِّرْدَابَ، فَكَانَ أَحَدُ الْمَغَارِبَةِ إِذَا رَأَى سَحَابًا نَزَلَ وَأَوْمَأَ بِالسَّلَامِ إِلَيْهِ، ظَنًّا مِنْهُ أَنَّ الْمُعِزَّ فِيهِ. فَغَابَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ ظَهَرَ، وَبَقِيَ مُدَيْدَةً، وَمَرِضَ وَتُوُفِّيَ، فَسَتَرَ ابْنُهُ الْعَزِيزُ مَوْتَهُ إِلَى عِيدِ النَّحْرِ مِنَ السَّنَةِ، فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ وَخَطَبَهُمْ، وَدَعَا لِنَفْسِهِ، وَعَزَّى بِأَبِيهِ. وَكَانَ الْمُعِزُّ عَالِمًا، فَاضِلًا، جَوَّادًا شُجَاعًا، جَارِيًا عَلَى مِنْهَاجِ أَبِيهِ مِنْ حُسْنِ السِّيرَةِ، وَإِنْصَافِ الرَّعِيَّةِ، وَسَتْرِ مَا يَدْعُونَ إِلَيْهِ، إِلَّا عَنِ الْخَاصَّةِ، ثُمَّ أَظْهَرُهُ، وَأَمَرَ الدُّعَاةَ بِإِظْهَارِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ فِيهِ إِلَى حَدٍّ يُذَمُّ بِهِ. وَلَمَّا اسْتَقَرَّ الْعَزِيزُ فِي الْمُلْكِ أَطَاعَهُ الْعَسْكَرُ وَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَكَانَ هُوَ يُدَبِّرُ الْأُمُورَ مُنْذُ مَاتَ أَبُوهُ إِلَى أَنْ أَظْهَرَهُ، ثُمَّ سَيَّرَ إِلَى الْغَرْبِ دَنَانِيرَ عَلَيْهَا اسْمُهُ، فُرِّقَتْ فِي النَّاسِ، وَأَقَرَّ يُوسُفُ بُلُكِّينُ عَلَى وِلَايَةِ إِفْرِيقِيَّةَ، وَأَضَافَ إِلَيْهِ مَا كَانَ أَبُوهُ اسْتَعْمِلْ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرَ يُوسُفَ، وَهِيَ طَرَابُلُسَ، وَسُرْتُ، وَأَجْدَابِيَّةَ، فَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْهَا يُوسُفُ عُمَّالَهُ، وَعَظُمَ حِينَئِذٍ، وَأَمِنَ نَاحِيَةَ الْعَزِيزِ، وَاسْتَبَدَّ بِالْمُلْكِ، وَكَانَ يُظْهِرُ الطَّاعَةَ مُجَامَلَةً، وَمُرَاقَبَةً لَا طَائِلَ وَرَاءَهَا.
Translation
✧ Then the year 365 AH began. An account of the death of al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh the ʿAlawī and the accession of his son al-ʿAzīz bi'llāh In this year al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh Abū Tamīm Maʿadd b. al-Manṣūr bi'llāh Ismāʿīl b. al-Qāʾim bi-Amr Allāh Abī al-Qāsim Muḥammad b. al-Mahdī Abī Muḥammad ʿUbayd Allāh the ʿAlawī al-Ḥusaynī died in Miṣr. His mother was an umm walad. His death was on the seventeenth of Rabīʿ al-Ākhir of this year. He was born in al-Mahdiyya in Ifrīqiya on the eleventh of Ramaḍān in the year 319, and his age was approximately forty-five years and six months. The cause of his death was that the king of the Byzantines in Constantinople sent to him an envoy who used to come to him in Ifrīqiya. One day he was alone with him, and al-Muʿizz said to him: “Do you remember when you came to me as an envoy while I was in al-Mahdiyya, and I said to you: ‘You will surely enter upon me while I am in Miṣr as its ruler’?” He said: “Yes.” He said: “And I say to you: ‘You will surely enter upon me in Baghdādh while I am Caliph.’” The envoy said to him: “If you grant me safety for my life and do not become angry, I will tell you what I have.” Al-Muʿizz said to him: “Speak, and you are safe.” He said: “The king sent me to you that year, and I saw of your greatness in my eyes and the multitude of your companions what nearly killed me. I reached your palace and saw upon it a great light that covered my sight. Then I entered upon you and saw you on your throne, and I thought you were a creator. Had you told me that you ascend to heaven, I would have believed it. Then I came to you now, and I saw nothing of that. I looked over your city, and it was in my eyes black and dark. Then I entered upon you, and I did not find the awe that I had found that year. So I said: ‘That was a matter advancing, and now it is the opposite of what it was.’” Al-Muʿizz lowered his head, and the envoy left his presence. Fever seized al-Muʿizz because of the intensity of what he felt, and his illness continued until he died. His reign was twenty-three years, five months, and ten days, part of which he resided in Miṣr and the rest in Ifrīqiya. He was the first of the ʿAlawī caliphs to rule Miṣr and go out to it. He was fond of the stars and acted on the sayings of astrologers. His astrologer said to him: “There is a cutting upon you at such-and-such a time,” and advised him to make an underground passage in which he could hide until that time passed. He did what he ordered and brought his commanders, and said to them: “There is a covenant between me and God to which I am going, and I have appointed over you my son Nizār,” meaning al-ʿAzīz, “so listen to him and obey.” He descended into the underground passage, and one of the Maghribīs, when he saw a cloud, would descend and gesture with a greeting to it, thinking that al-Muʿizz was in it. He remained hidden for a year, then appeared. He remained for a short while, fell ill, and died. His son al-ʿAzīz concealed his death until the Feast of Sacrifice of the year, then he prayed with the people, preached to them, called for himself, and offered condolences for his father. Al-Muʿizz was learned, virtuous, generous, brave, following the path of his father in good conduct, justice to the subjects, and concealing what they called to except from the elite, then he made it public and commanded the summoners to proclaim it, though he did not go in it to a limit for which he could be blamed. When al-ʿAzīz was established in the kingship, the army obeyed him and gathered around him. He had been managing affairs since his father died until he made himself public. Then he sent to the west dinars bearing his name, which were distributed among the people. He confirmed Yūsuf Bulukkīn in the governorship of Ifrīqiya, and added to him what his father had appointed others over besides Yūsuf, namely Ṭarābulus, Surt, and Ajdābiya. Yūsuf appointed his agents over them, and he became great at that time and felt secure from the direction of al-ʿAzīz, and he ruled independently, showing obedience as a courtesy and out of caution, with nothing beyond that.
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