Tarikh (al-Tabari) 4351
Then the year 364 AH began
ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ أَرْبَعٍ وَسِتِّينَ وَثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ ذِكْرُ اسْتِيلَاءِ عَضُدِ الدَّوْلَةِ عَلَى الْعِرَاقِ وَقَبْضِ بَخْتِيَارَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَصَلَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ وَاسْتَوْلَى عَلَى الْعِرَاقِ، وَقَبَضَ بَخْتِيَارَ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَأَخْرَجَهُ. وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ بَخْتِيَارَ لَمَّا تَابَعَ كُتُبَهُ إِلَى عَضُدِ الدَّوْلَةِ يَسْتَنْجِدُهُ، وَيَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ عَلَى الْأَتْرَاكِ، وَسَارَ إِلَيْهِ فِي عَسَاكِرِ فَارِسَ، وَاجْتَمَعَ بِهِ أَبُو الْفَتْحِ بْنُ الْعَمِيدِ، وَزِيرُ أَبِيهِ رُكْنِ الدَّوْلَةِ، فِي عَسَاكِرِ الرَّيِّ بِالْأَهْوَازِ، وَسَارُوا إِلَى وَاسِطَ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْفَتْكِينُ بِخَبَرِ وُصُولِهِمْ رَجَعَ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، وَعَزَمَ عَلَى أَنْ يَجْعَلَهَا وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ، وَيُقَاتِلَ عَلَى دَيَالَى. وَوَصَلَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ فَاجْتَمَعَ بِهِ بَخْتِيَارُ، وَسَارَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ فِي الْجَانِبِ الشَّرْقِيِّ، وَأَمَرَ بَخْتِيَارَ أَنْ يَسِيرَ فِي الْجَانِبِ الْغَرْبِيِّ. وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْخَبَرُ إِلَى أَبِي تَغْلِبَ بِقُرْبِ الْفَتْكِينَ مِنْهُ عَادَ عَنْ بَغْدَاذَ إِلَى الْمَوْصِلِ لِأَنَّ أَصْحَابَهُ شَغَبُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمْ يُمْكِنْهُ الْمُقَامَ، وَوَصَلَ الْفَتْكِينُ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، فَحَصَلَ مَحْصُورًا مِنْ جَمِيعِ جِهَاتِهِ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ بَخْتِيَارَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ضَبَّةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَسَدِيِّ، وَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي هَجَاهُ الْمُتَنَبِّي، فَأَمَرَهُ بِالْإِغَارَةِ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ بَغْدَاذَ، وَبِقَطْعِ الْمِيرَةِ عَنْهَا، وَكَتَبَ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ إِلَى بَنِي شَيْبَانَ. وَكَانَ أَبُو تَغْلِبَ بْنُ حَمْدَانَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الْمَوْصِلِ يَمْنَعُ الْمِيرَةَ وَيُنَفِّذُ سَرَايَاهُ، فَغَلَا السِّعْرُ بِبَغْدَاذَ، وَثَارَ الْعَيَّارُونَ وَالْمُفْسِدُونَ فَنَهَبُوا النَّاسَ بِبَغْدَاذَ، وَامْتَنَعَ النَّاسُ مِنَ الْمَعَاشِ لِخَوْفِ الْفِتَنِ، وَعَدَمِ الطَّعَامِ وَالْقُوتِ بِهَا، وَكَبْسِ الْفَتْكِينِ الْمَنَازِلَ فِي طَلَبِ الطَّعَامِ. وَسَارَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ نَحْوَ بَغْدَاذَ، فَلَقِيَهُ الْفَتْكِينُ وَالْأَتْرَاكُ بَيْنَ دَيَالَى وَالْمَدَائِنِ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَانْهَزَمَ الْأَتْرَاكُ فَقُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ، وَوَصَلُوا إِلَى دَيَالَى فَعَبَرُوا عَلَى جُسُورٍ كَانُوا عَمِلُوهَا عَلَيْهِ، فَغَرِقَ مِنْهُمْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مِنَ الزَّحْمَةِ، وَكَذَلِكَ قُتِلَ وَغَرِقَ مِنَ الْعَيَّارِينَ الَّذِينَ أَعَانُوهُمْ مِنْ بَغْدَاذَ، وَاسْتَبَاحُوا عَسْكَرَهُمْ، وَكَانَتِ الْوَقْعَةُ رَابِعَ عَشَرَ جُمَادَى الْأُولَى. وَسَارَ الْأَتْرَاكُ إِلَى تَكْرِيتَ، وَسَارَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ فَنَزَلَ بِظَاهِرِ بَغْدَاذَ، فَلَمَّا عَلِمَ وُصُولَ الْأَتْرَاكِ إِلَى تَكْرِيتَ دَخَلَ بَغْدَاذَ وَنَزَلَ بِدَارِ الْمَمْلَكَةِ، وَكَانَ الْأَتْرَاكُ قَدْ أَخَذُوا الْخَلِيفَةَ مَعَهُمْ كَارِهًا، فَسَعَى عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ حَتَّى رَدَّهُ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، فَوَصَلَهَا ثَامِنَ رَجَبٍ فِي الْمَاءِ وَخَرَجَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ فَلَقِيَهُ فِي الْمَاءِ أَيْضًا، وَامْتَلَأَتْ دِجْلَةُ بِالسُّمَيْرِيَّاتِ وَالزَّبَازِبِ، وَلَمْ يَبْقَ بِبَغْدَاذَ أَحَدٌ، وَلَوْ أَرَادَ إِنْسَانٌ أَنْ يَعْبُرَ دِجْلَةَ عَلَى السُّمَيْرِيَّاتِ مِنْ وَاحِدَةٍ إِلَى أُخْرَى لَأَمْكَنَهُ ذَلِكَ لِكَثْرَتِهَا، وَسَارَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ مَعَ الْخَلِيفَةِ وَأَنْزَلَهُ بِدَارِ الْخِلَافَةِ. وَكَانَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ قَدْ طَمِعَ فِي الْعِرَاقِ، وَاسْتَضْعَفَ بَخْتِيَارَ، وَإِنَّمَا خَافَ أَبَاهُ رُكْنَ الدَّوْلَةِ، فَوَّضَ جُنْدَ بَخْتِيَارَ عَلَى أَنْ يَثُورُوا بِهِ وَيَشْغَبُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَيُطَالِبُوهُ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَالْإِحْسَانِ لِأَجْلِ صَبْرِهِمْ مُقَابِلَ الْأَتْرَاكِ، فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَبَالَغُوا، وَكَانَ بَخْتِيَارُ لَا يَمْلِكُ قَلِيلًا وَلَا كَثِيرًا، وَقَدْ نُهِبَ الْبَعْضُ، وَأَخْرَجَ هُوَ الْبَاقِيَ، وَالْبِلَادُ خَرَابٌ، فَلَا تَصِلُ يَدُهُ إِلَى أَخْذِ شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا. وَأَشَارَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ عَلَى بَخْتِيَارَ بِتَرْكِ الِالْتِفَاتِ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَالْغِلْظَةِ لَهُمْ وَعَلَيْهِمْ، وَأَنْ لَا يَعِدَهُمْ بِمَا لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَنْ يُعَرِّفَهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَا يُرِيدُ الْإِمَارَةَ وَالرِّئَاسَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَوَعَدَهُ أَنَّهُ إِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ تَوَسَّطَ الْحَالَ بَيْنَهُمْ عَلَى مَا يُرِيدُهُ. فَظَنَّ بَخْتِيَارُ أَنَّهُ نَاصِحٌ لَهُ، مُشْفِقٌ عَلَيْهِ، فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ، وَاسْتَعْفَى مِنَ الْإِمَارَةِ، وَأَغْلَقَ بَابَ دَارِهِ، وَصَرَفَ كُتَّابَهُ وَحُجَّابَهُ، فَرَاسَلَهُ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ ظَاهِرًا بِمَحْضَرٍ مِنْ مُقَدَّمِي الْجُنْدِ يُشِيرُ عَلَيْهِ بِمُقَارَبَتِهِمْ، وَتَطْيِيبِ قُلُوبِهِمْ، وَكَانَ أَوْصَاهُ سِرًّا أَنْ لَا يَقْبَلَ مِنْهُ ذَلِكَ. فَعَمِلَ بَخْتِيَارُ بِمَا أَوْصَاهُ، وَقَالَ: لَسْتُ أَمِيرًا لَهُمْ، وَلَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمْ مُعَامَلَةٌ، وَقَدْ بَرِئْتُ مِنْهُمْ. فَتَرَدَّدَتِ الرُّسُلُ بَيْنَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، وَعَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ يُغْرِيهِمْ بِهِ، وَالشَّغْبُ يَزِيدُ، وَأَرْسَلَ بَخْتِيَارُ إِلَيْهِ يَطْلُبُ نَجَازَ مَا وَعَدَهُ بِهِ، فَفَرَّقَ الْجُنْدَ عَلَى عِدَةٍ جَمِيلَةٍ، وَاسْتَدْعَى بَخْتِيَارَ وَإِخْوَتَهُ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَبَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَوَكَّلَ بِهِمْ، وَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ وَأَعْلَمَهُمُ اسْتِعْفَاءَ بَخْتِيَارَ عَنِ الْإِمَارَةِ عَجْزًا عَنْهَا، وَوَعَدَهُمُ الْإِحْسَانَ وَالنَّظَرَ فِي أُمُورِهِمْ فَسَكَنُوا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ. وَكَانَ قَبْضُهُ عَلَى بَخْتِيَارَ [ فِي ] السَّادِسِ ( وَالْعِشْرِينَ مِنْ ) جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ. وَكَانَ الْخَلِيفَةُ الطَّائِعُ لِلَّهِ نَافِزًا عَنْ بَخْتِيَارَ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ الْأَتْرَاكِ فِي حُرُوبِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ قَبْضُهُ سَرَّهُ ذَلِكَ، وَعَادَ إِلَى عَضُدِ الدَّوْلَةِ، فَأَظْهَرَ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ مِنْ تَعْظِيمِ الْخِلَافَةِ مَا كَانَ قَدْ نُسِيَ وَتُرِكَ، وَأَمَرَ بِعِمَارَةِ الدَّارِ، وَالْإِكْثَارِ مِنَ الْآلَاتِ، وَعِمَارَةِ مَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِالْخَلِيفَةِ، وَحِمَايَةِ أَقْطَاعِهِ، وَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْخَلِيفَةُ إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ وَدَخَلَ دَارَ الْخِلَافَةِ أَنْفَذَ إِلَيْهِ عَضُدُ الدَّوْلَةِ مَالًا كَثِيرًا، وَغَيْرَهُ مِنَ الْأَمْتِعَةِ وَالْفُرُشِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.
Translation
✧ Then the year 364 AH began Account of ʿAḍud al-Dawlah's seizure of Iraq and his arrest of Bakhtiyār In this year ʿAḍud al-Dawlah arrived, took control of Iraq, and arrested Bakhtiyār, then later released him. The reason for this was that Bakhtiyār, having sent repeated letters to ʿAḍud al-Dawlah seeking his aid and requesting his support against the Turks, he marched to him with the armies of Fārs, and he was joined by Abū al-Fatḥ b. al-ʿAmīd, the vizier of his father Rukn al-Dawlah, with the armies of al-Rayy, at al-Ahwāz, and they marched to Wāsiṭ. When al-Fatkīn heard of their arrival, he returned to Baghdādh, resolving to place it behind his back and to fight at Dayālā. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah arrived and met with Bakhtiyār, and ʿAḍud al-Dawlah marched toward Baghdādh on the eastern side, and he ordered Bakhtiyār to march on the western side. When the news reached Abū Taghlib of al-Fatkīn's proximity to him, he departed from Baghdādh to al-Mawṣil because his followers had rioted against him, so he was unable to remain. Al-Fatkīn reached Baghdādh and found himself besieged from all directions, and that was because Bakhtiyār wrote to Ḍabbah b. Muḥammad al-Asadī, who was from the people of ʿAyn al-Tamr and who was satirized by al-Mutanabbī, ordering him to raid the outskirts of Baghdādh and to cut off its supplies, and he wrote similarly to the Banū Shaybān. Abū Taghlib b. Ḥamdān, from the direction of al-Mawṣil, was preventing supplies and sending out his raiding parties, so prices soared in Baghdādh, and the ʿayyārūn and troublemakers rose up and looted the people of Baghdādh. The people were prevented from earning a living for fear of turmoil and due to the lack of food and provisions there, and al-Fatkīn's raiding of houses in search of food. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah marched toward Baghdādh, and al-Fatkīn and the Turks met him between Dayālā and al-Madāʾin, and they fought a fierce battle. The Turks were defeated, and many of them were killed. They reached Dayālā and crossed over bridges they had built over it, and most of them drowned because of the crowding. Likewise, many of the ʿayyārūn from Baghdādh who had assisted them were killed or drowned, and their camp was plundered. The battle took place on the fourteenth of Jumādā al-Ūlā. The Turks marched to Takrīt, and ʿAḍud al-Dawlah marched and encamped outside Baghdādh. When he learned that the Turks had reached Takrīt, he entered Baghdādh and stayed at the Dār al-Mamlakah. The Turks had taken the caliph with them against his will, and ʿAḍud al-Dawlah strove until he returned him to Baghdādh. He arrived there on the eighth of Rajab by water, and ʿAḍud al-Dawlah went out and met him also on the water. The Tigris became filled with sumayriyyāt and zabāzib, and no one remained in Baghdādh; if a person had wanted to cross the Tigris by stepping from one sumayriyyah to another, it would have been possible because of their great number. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah went with the caliph and lodged him in the Dār al-Khilāfah. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah had coveted Iraq and considered Bakhtiyār weak, but he feared his father Rukn al-Dawlah. He instigated the troops of Bakhtiyār to rise against him and riot, demanding their pay and rewards for their endurance against the Turks. They did so and exaggerated their demands. Bakhtiyār possessed neither little nor much; some of his wealth had been looted, and he himself had spent the rest, while the country was in ruins, so he could not lay his hands on any of it. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah advised Bakhtiyār to pay no attention to them, to be stern with them, not to promise them what he could not fulfill, and to let them know that he did not want the emirate or leadership over them. He promised him that if he did so, he would mediate the situation among them as he wished. Bakhtiyār thought that he was sincere in his advice and compassionate toward him, so he did that. He asked to be excused from the emirate, locked the gate of his house, and dismissed his scribes and chamberlains. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah then sent him an open message, in the presence of the leaders of the troops, advising him to conciliate them and soothe their hearts, while secretly he had instructed him not to accept that. Bakhtiyār acted according to his secret instruction and said: "I am not their emir, and there is no dealing between me and them. I am quit of them." Messengers went back and forth between them for three days while ʿAḍud al-Dawlah incited them against him, and the rioting increased. Bakhtiyār sent to him asking him to fulfill what he had promised, so he distributed the troops on a generous promise, summoned Bakhtiyār and his brothers to him, arrested them, and placed them under guard. He assembled the people and informed them that Bakhtiyār had asked to be excused from the emirate due to his inability to handle it, and he promised them kindness and attention to their affairs, so they were appeased by his words. His arrest of Bakhtiyār took place on the twenty-sixth of Jumādā al-Ākhirah. The caliph al-Ṭāʾiʿ li-llāh was averse to Bakhtiyār because he had been with the Turks in their wars. When the news of his arrest reached him, it delighted him, and he returned to ʿAḍud al-Dawlah. ʿAḍud al-Dawlah then displayed such veneration for the caliphate as had been forgotten and abandoned, and he ordered the restoration of the palace, the increase of its furnishings, the repair of all that pertained to the caliph, and the protection of his fiefs. When the caliph entered Baghdādh and entered the Dār al-Khilāfah, ʿAḍud al-Dawlah sent him a great amount of money, as well as other goods, furnishings, and the like.
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