Tarikh (al-Tabari) 416
Genealogy of Our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Some Accounts of His Forefathers and Ancestors
نَسَبُ نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ وَبَعْضُ أَخْبَارِ آبَائِهِ وَأَجْدَادِهِ. لَقَدْ أَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّنَا ﷺ فَوُلِدَ مِنْ نِكَاحٍ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ مِنْ سِفَاحٍ وَجَعَلَهُ فِي خَيْرِ الْأُمَمِ وَهُمُ الْعَرَبُ وَفِي خَيْرِ الْقَبَائِلِ وَهِيَ قُرَيْشٌ وَفِي خَيْرِ فُرُوعِهِمْ وَهُمْ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ. وَقَدْ جَاءَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَدِيدُ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ وَالْأَحَادِيثِ الَّتِي تُشِيرُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ فَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "قَالَ جِبْرِيلُ قَلَبْتُ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا فَلَمْ أَجِدْ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَلَمْ أَجِدْ بَنِي أَبٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ " رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ وَابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ. قَالَ الْحَافِظُ فِي أَمَالِيهِ: لَوَامِحُ الصِّحَّةِ ظَاهِرَةٌ عَلَى صَفَحَاتِ هَذَا الْمَتْنِ. وَقَدْ حَفِظَ لَنَا أَهْلُ السِّيَرِ نَسَبَهُ الشَّرِيفَ حَتَّى أَبِيهِ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مُرُورًا بِأَبِيهِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَإِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ وَجَاءَ سَرْدُ النَّسَبِ الزَّكِيِّ عَلَى النَّحْوِ التَّالِي: فَهُوَ ﷺ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَاسْمُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ: شَيْبَةُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ وَاسْمُ هَاشِمٍ: عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَاسْمُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ: الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ قُصَيٍّ، وَاسْمُ قُصَيٍّ: زَيْدُ بْنُ كِلَابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبِ بْنِ فِهْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ مُدْرِكَةَ، وَاسْمُ مُدْرِكَةَ: عَامِرُ بْنُ إِلْيَاسَ بْنِ مُضَرَ بْنِ نِزَارِ بْنِ مَعَدِّ بْنِ عَدْنَانَ بْنِ أُدٍّ، وَيُقَالُ: أُدَدُ بْنُ مُقَوِّمِ بْنِ نَاحُورَ بْنِ تَيْرَحَ بْنِ يَعْرُبَ بْنِ يَشْجُبَ بْنِ نَابِتِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ - خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ - بْنِ تَارِحَ، وَهُوَ آزَرُ بْنُ نَاحُورَ بْنِ سَارُوغَ بْنِ رَاعُو بْنِ فَالِخَ بْنِ عَيْبَرِ بْنِ شَالِخَ بْنِ أَرْفَخْشَذَ بْنِ سَامِ بْنِ نُوحِ بْنِ لَمْكَ بْنِ مُتَوَشْلِخَ بْنِ أَخْنُوخَ بْنِ يَرْدِ بْنِ مُهْلَيِلِ بْنِ قَيْنَنَ بْنِ يَانِشَ بْنِ شِيثِ بْنِ آدَمَ ﷺ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ أَهْلُ السِّيَرِ أُمَّهَاتِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَذَكَرُوا مِنْهُنَّ أُمَّهُ آمِنَةَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ وَأُمَّهَا بَرَّةَ بِنْتَ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى وَأُمَّهَا أُمَّ حَبِيبٍ بِنْتَ أَسَدٍ.... إِلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أُمَّهَاتِهِ ﷺ، مِنَ الْعَوَاتِكِ وَالْفَوَاطِمِ، فَكَانَتِ الْعَوَاتِكُ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ، وَالْفَوَاطِمُ عَشْرًا. كَمَا كَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تَنْسُبُهُ ﷺ إِلَى جَدِّهِ لِأُمِّهِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ وَهُوَ وَجْزُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، وَكَانَتْ تَنْسُبُهُ لَهُ لِأَنَّهُ خَالَفَهُمْ فَعَبَدَ إِلَهًا آخَرَ غَيْرَ مَا يَعْبُدُونَ فَنَسَبُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِسَبَبِ مُخَالَفَتِهِ أَيْضًا لَهُمْ بِتَوْحِيدِ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَنَبْذِ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الشِّرْكِ. وَقَدْ جَاءَ فِي فَضْلِ الْعَرَبِ الْعَدِيدُ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ وَفِي تَفْضِيلِ قُرَيْشٍ خَاصَّةً، وَالْعَرَبِ عَامَّةً عَلَى غَيْرِهِمْ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ، وَيَكْفِي فِي فَضْلِهِمْ أَنَّ نَسَبَهُ الشَّرِيفَ ﷺ فِيهِمْ. وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ النَّسَبِ فِي قُرَيْشٍ إِلَى مَنْ تُنْسَبُ فَبَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ قُرَيْشًا هُوَ فِهْرُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ هُوَ النَّضْرُ بْنُ كِنَانَةَ وَهُوَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْأَكْثَرُونَ وَبِهِ جَاءَتِ الْآثَارُ. وَالْعَرَبُ عَامَّةً تُنْسَبُ كُلُّهَا إِلَى إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَهُوَ أَبُو الْعَرَبِ، وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ أَهْلُ النَّسَبِ أَنَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وُلِدَ لَهُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ وَلَدًا وَهُمْ: نَابِتٌ وَكَانَ أَكْبَرَهُمْ، وَقَيْذَرُ، وَأَذْبَلُ، وَمِيشَا، وَمِسْمَعٌ، وَمَاشَى، وَدُمَا، وَأُدَرُ وَيَطُورُ وَنَبِشُ وَطَيْمَا وَقَيْذُمَا. وَأُمُّهُمْ جَمِيعًا رِعْلَةُ بِنْتُ مُضَاضِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْجُرْهُمِيُّ، وَجُرْهُمُ هُوَ ابْنُ قَحْطَانَ وَهُوَ أَبُو الْيَمَنِ كُلِّهَا. وَقَدْ مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَنْ عُمْرِ مِائَةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً وَدُفِنَ مَعَ أُمِّهِ هَاجَرَ فِي الْحِجْرِ وَكَانَتْ أُمُّهُ رَحِمَهَا اللَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ. وَمِنْ نَسْلٍ نَابِتَ وَلَدِ عَدْنَانَ بْنِ أُدَدَ وَالَّذِي مِنْهُ تَفَرَّعَتْ وَتَفَرَّقَتْ قَبَائِلُ الْعَرَبِ حَيْثُ وَلَدَ عَدْنَانُ رَجُلَيْنِ هُمَا: مَعَدُّ بْنُ عَدْنَانَ، وَعَكُّ بْنُ عَدْنَانَ وَقَدْ سَكَنَ عَكُّ الْيَمَنَ وَتَزَوَّجَ فِي الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ. وَأَمَّا مَعَدٌّ فَقَدْ وُلِدَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةٌ هُمْ: قُضَاعَةُ وَهُوَ أَكْبَرُهُمْ، وَنِزَارٌ، وَقَنَصٌ، وَإِيَادٌ. فَأَمَّا قُضَاعَةُ فَقَدْ تَيَامَنَ إِلَى حِمْيَرِ بْنِ سَبَأِ بْنِ يَشْجُبَ بْنِ يَعْرُبَ بْنِ قَحْطَانَ. وَأَمَّا قَنَصُ بْنُ مَعَدٍّ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْ نَسْلِهِ أَحَدٌ، وَيُقَال: إِنَّ مِنْ نَسْلِهِ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ مَلِكُ الْحِيرَةِ. وَأَمَّا نِزَارٌ فَقَدْ وُلِدَ لَهُ: أَنْمَارٌ، وَمُضَرُ، وَرَبِيعَةُ، وَإِيَادٌ. وَأَنْمَارُ بْنُ نِزَارٍ وُلِدَ لَهُ: خَثْعَمٌ، وَبَجِيلَةُ. وَأَمَّا مُضَرُ بْنُ نِزَارٍ فَقَدْ وُلِدَ لَهُ: إِلْيَاسُ، وَعَيْلَانُ. وَقَدْ وُلِدَ لِإِلْيَاسَ بْنِ مُضَرَ ثَلَاثَةٌ هُمْ: مُدْرِكَةُ بْنُ إِلْيَاسَ، وَطَابِخَةُ وَقَمَعَةُ، وَقَمَعَةُ فِيمَا يَزْعُمُ نَسَّابُ مُضَرَ أَنَّ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ خُزَاعَةَ مِنْ وَلَدِ عَمْرِو بْنِ لُحَيِّ بْنِ قَمَعَةَ بْنِ إِلْيَاسَ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَخُزَاعَةُ تَقُولُ: نَحْنُ بَنُو عَمْرِو بْنِ عَامِرٍ، مِنَ الْيَمَنِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَتَقُولُ خُزَاعَةُ: نَحْنُ بَنُو عَمْرِو بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو ابْنِ عَامِرٍ. وَقَدْ وُلِدَ لِمُدْرِكَةَ بْنِ إِلْيَاسَ وَلَدَانِ هُمَا: خُزَيْمَةُ بْنُ مُدْرِكَةَ، وَهُذَيْلُ بْنُ مُدْرِكَةَ. وَقَدْ وُلِدَ لِخُزَيْمَةَ بْنِ مُدْرِكَةَ أَرْبَعَةٌ هُمْ: كِنَانَةُ بْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ، وَأَسَدٌ، وَأَسْدَةُ، وَالْهُونُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: فَوَلَدُ كِنَانَةَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ أَرْبَعَةٌ هُمْ: النَّضْرُ بْنُ كِنَانَةَ، وَمَالِكُ بْنُ كِنَانَةَ، وَعَبْدُ مَنَاةَ بْنُ كِنَانَةَ، وَمِلْكَانُ بْنُ كِنَانَةَ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ النَّضْرُ بْنُ كِنَانَةَ وَلَدَيْنِ هُمَا: مَالِكَ بْنَ النَّضْرِ، وَيَخْلُدَ بْنَ النَّضْرِ، قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَالصَّلْتُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ فِيمَا قَالَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْمَدَنِيُّ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ مَالِكُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ فِهْرَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ فِهْرُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَرْبَعَةً: غَالِبَ بْنَ فِهْرٍ، وَمُحَارِبَ بْنَ فِهْرٍ، وَالْحَارِثَ بْنَ فِهْرٍ، وَأَسَدَ بْنَ فِهْرٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَجَنْدَلَةُ بِنْتُ فِهْرٍ وَهِيَ أُمُّ يَرْبُوعَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ مَالِكٍ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ غَالِبُ بْنُ فِهْرٍ وَلَدَيْنِ هُمَا: لُؤَيُّ بْنُ غَالِبٍ، وَتَيْمُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ. وَتَيْمُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ: بَنُو الْأَدْرَمِ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَقَيْسُ بْنُ غَالِبٍ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ لُؤَيٌّ أَرْبَعَةً هُمْ: كَعْبُ بْنُ لُؤَيٍّ، وَعَامِرُ بْنُ لُؤَيٍّ، وَسَامَةُ بْنُ لُؤَيٍّ، وَعَوْفُ بْنُ لُؤَيٍّ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ كَعْبُ بْنُ لُؤَيٍّ ثَلَاثَةً هُمْ: مُرَّةُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ، وَعَدِيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ، وَهَصِيصُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ مُرَّةُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ ثَلَاثَةً هُمْ: كِلَابُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ، وَتَيْمُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ، وَيَقَظَةُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ. فَوَلَدَ كِلَابُ بْنُ مَرَّةَ رَجُلَيْنِ: قُصَيَّ بْنَ كِلَابٍ، وَزَهْرَةَ بْنَ كِلَابٍ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ قُصَيُّ بْنُ كِلَابٍ أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ: عَبْدَ مَنَافِ بْنَ قُصَيٍّ، وَعَبْدَ الدَّارِ بْنَ قُصَيٍّ، وَعَبْدَ الْعُزَّى بْنَ قُصَيٍّ، وَعَبْدَ (قُصَيِّ) بْنَ قُصَيٍّ، وَتَخَمُّرَ بِنْتَ قُصَيٍّ، وَبَرَّةَ بِنْتَ قُصَيٍّ. وَقَدْ وَلَدَ عَبْدُ مَنَافٍ أَرْبَعَةً هُمْ: هَاشِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَعَبْدُ شَمْسِ بْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَالْمُطَّلِبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَأُمُّهُمْ عَاتِكَةُ بِنْتُ مُرَّةَ بْنِ هِلَالِ بْنِ فَالِجِ بْنِ ذَكْوَانَ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ بُهْثَةَ بْنِ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ عِكْرِمَةَ، وَنَوْفَلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَأُمُّهُ وَاقِدَةُ بِنْتُ عَمْرٍو الْمَازِنِيَّةِ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَأَبُو عَمْرٍو، وَتُمَاضِرُ، وَقِلَابَةُ، وَحَيَّةُ، وَرَيْطَةُ، وَأُمُّ الْأَخْثَمِ، وَأُمُّ سُفْيَانَ: بَنُو عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ. فَوَلَدَ هَاشِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ، وَخَمْسَ نِسْوَةٍ: عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ، وَأَسَدُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ، وَأَبُو صَيْفِيِّ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ، وَنَضْلَةُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ، وَالشِّفِاءُ، وَخَالِدَةُ، وَضَعِيفَةُ، وَرُقَيَّةُ، وَحَيَّةُ. فَوَلَدَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ عَشَرَةَ نَفَرٍ وَسِتَّ نِسْوَةٍ: الْعَبَّاسُ وَحَمْزَةُ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ، وَأَبُو طَالِبٍ- وَاسْمَهُ عَبْدُ مَنَافٍ- وَالزُّبَيْرُ، وَالْحَارِثُ، وَحَجَلُ، وَالْمِقْوَمُ، وَضِرَارٌ، وَأَبُو لَهَبٍ - وَاسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الْعُزَّى- وَصَفِيَّةُ، وَأُمُّ حَكِيمٍ الْبَيْضَاءُ، وَعَاتِكَةُ، وَأُمَيْمَةُ، وَأَرْوَى، وَبَرَّةُ. فَوَلَدَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَيِّدَ وَلَدِ آدَمَ، مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ وَسَلَامُهُ وَرَحْمَتُهُ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ. وَأُمُّهُ: آمِنَةُ بِنْتُ وَهْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ زُهْرَةَ بْنِ كِلَابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبِ بْنِ فِهْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّضْرِ. فَهُوَ أَشْرَفُ وَلَدِ آدَمَ حَسَبًا، وَأَفْضَلُهُمْ نَسَبًا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ ﷺ. وَقَدْ كَانَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَدْ نَذَرَ إِذَا أَنْجَبَ عَشَرَةً مِنَ الْوَلَدِ وَبَلَغُوا مَعَهُ حَتَّى يَمْنَعُوهُ أَنْ يَذْبَحَ وَاحِدًا مِنْهُمْ فَلَمَّا حَصَلَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ جَمَعَ أَوْلَادَهُ وَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَخَرَجَتِ الْقَرْعَةُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَهَمَّ أَنْ يَذْبَحَهُ فَمَنَعَتْهُ قُرَيْشٌ حَتَّى لَا يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ سُنَّةً فِيهِمْ، ثُمَّ أَشَارُوا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ عَرَّافَةً فَيَسْتَشِيرَهَا، فَجَاءَهَا فَأَشَارَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِضَرْبِ الْقَدَحِ بَيْنَ عَشْرٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَابْنِهِ فَإِنْ خَرَجَتْ عَلَى الْإِبِلِ ذُبِحَتْ وَإِنْ خَرَجَتْ عَلَيْهِ زَادَ عَشْرًا عَلَى الْإِبِلِ وَضَرَبَ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ الْقَدَحُ عَلَى الْإِبِلِ فَتَذْبَحَ فَيَكُونُ فِدَاؤُهُ فَظَلَّ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى فُدِيَ بِمِائَةٍ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ. وَأَخَذَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ بِيَدِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ فِي طَرِيقِهِ رَأَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ وَهِيَ أُخْتُ وَرَقَةَ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ فَنَظَرَتْ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَدَعَتْ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا وَلَهُ مِثْلُ مَا نَحَرَ عَنْهُ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَرَفَضَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ إِذْ كَانَ مَعَ أَبِيهِ وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ فِرَاقَهُ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ بِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى أَتَى وَهْبَ بْنَ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ سَيِّدَ بَنِي زُهْرَةَ فَزَوَّجَهُ ابْنَتَهُ آمِنَةَ بِنْتَ وَهْبٍ أُمَّ سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ وَهِيَ أَشْرَفُ النَّاسِ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَسَبًا وَمَوْضِعًا. وَقَدْ تُوفِيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بَعْدَ زَوَاجِهِ بِقَلِيلٍ وَقَدْ حَمَلَتْ آمِنَةُ بِسَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ.
Translation
✧ The genealogy of our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and some accounts of his fathers and ancestors. Allah honored our Prophet ﷺ by causing him to be born of lawful wedlock, not of fornication, and placed him among the best of nations, namely the Arabs, and in the best of tribes, namely Quraysh, and in the best of their branches, namely Banū Hāshim. Numerous narrations and hadiths indicate this. From ʿĀʾishah ؓ, she said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Gabriel said: I turned over the eastern parts of the earth and its western parts, but I found none better than Muhammad, and I found no sons of a father better than the sons of Hāshim." Al-Ṭabarānī, al-Bayhaqī, and Ibn ʿAsākir narrated it. Al-Ḥāfiẓ said in his Amālī: Glimmers of authenticity are evident on the pages of this text. The biographers have preserved for us his noble lineage back to his father Adam ﷺ, passing through his father Ishmael and Abraham, peace be upon them both. The pure lineage is listed as follows: He ﷺ is Muhammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib—the name of ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib being Shaybah—b. Hāshim—the name of Hāshim being ʿAmr—b. ʿAbd Manāf—the name of ʿAbd Manāf being al-Mughīrah—b. Quṣayy—the name of Quṣayy being Zayd—b. Kilāb b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy b. Ghālib b. Fihr b. Mālik b. al-Naḍr b. Kinānah b. Khuzaymah b. Mudrikah—the name of Mudrikah being ʿĀmir—b. Ilyās b. Muḍar b. Nizār b. Maʿadd b. ʿAdnān b. Udd—also said Udad—b. Muqawwim b. Nāḥūr b. Tayraḥ b. Yaʿrub b. Yashjub b. Nābit b. Ismāʿīl b. Ibrāhīm—the Friend of the Merciful—b. Tāriḥ, who is Āzar, b. Nāḥūr b. Sārūgh b. Rāʿū b. Fāligh b. ʿAybar b. Shāligh b. Arfakhshadh b. Sām b. Nūḥ b. Lamk b. Mutawashligh b. Akhnūkh b. Yard b. Muhlayil b. Qaynan b. Yānish b. Shīth b. Adam ﷺ. The biographers mentioned the mothers of the Prophet ﷺ. Among them they mentioned his mother Āminah bt. Wahb, her mother Barrah bt. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā, and her mother Umm Ḥabīb bt. Asad... and other mothers of his ﷺ, among the ʿAwātik and the Fawāṭim. The ʿAwātik were thirteen, and the Fawāṭim ten. Quraysh also attributed him ﷺ to his maternal grandfather Abū Kabshah, namely Wajz b. Ghālib. They attributed him to him because he opposed them and worshipped a god other than what they worshipped, so they attributed the Prophet ﷺ likewise because of his opposition to them through affirming the oneness of Allah, glorified be He, and rejecting the polytheism they were upon. Numerous narrations have come concerning the virtue of the Arabs and the preference of Quraysh specifically, and the Arabs generally, over other nations. It suffices for their virtue that his noble lineage ﷺ is among them. The genealogists differed as to whom Quraysh is traced. Some say Quraysh is Fihr b. Mālik; others say he is al-Naḍr b. Kinānah, which is the view of the majority and the one supported by the reports. The Arabs generally are all traced to Ishmael, for he is the father of the Arabs. The genealogists mentioned that Ishmael ﷺ had twelve sons born to him: Nābit, who was the eldest, Qaydhar, Adhbal, Mīshā, Mismaʿ, Māshā, Dūmā, Udar, Yaṭūr, Nabish, Ṭaymā, and Qaydhumā. Their mother, all of them, was Raʿlah bt. Muḍāḍ b. ʿAmr al-Jurhumī. Jurhum is the son of Qaḥṭān, who is the father of all Yemen. Ishmael ﷺ died at the age of one hundred and thirty years and was buried with his mother Hagar in the Ḥijr. His mother, may Allah have mercy on her, was from the people of Egypt. From the offspring of Nābit was born ʿAdnān b. Udad, from whom the Arab tribes branched and spread. ʿAdnān begot two men: Maʿadd b. ʿAdnān and ʿAkk b. ʿAdnān. ʿAkk settled in Yemen and married among the Ashʿarites. As for Maʿadd, four sons were born to him: Quḍāʿah, who was the eldest, Nizār, Qanaṣ, and Iyād. Quḍāʿah went south to Ḥimyar b. Sabaʾ b. Yashjub b. Yaʿrub b. Qaḥṭān. As for Qanaṣ b. Maʿadd, none of his progeny remained. It is said that from his progeny was al-Nuʿmān b. al-Mundhir, king of al-Ḥīrah. As for Nizār, there were born to him: Anmār, Muḍar, Rabīʿah, and Iyād. To Anmār b. Nizār were born Khathʿam and Bajīlah. As for Muḍar b. Nizār, there were born to him Ilyās and ʿAylān. To Ilyās b. Muḍar three sons were born: Mudrikah b. Ilyās, Ṭābikhah, and Qamaʿah. Qamaʿah—as the genealogist of Muḍar claims—is among whose descendants are Khuzāʿah, from the descendants of ʿAmr b. Luḥayy b. Qamaʿah b. Ilyās. Ibn Isḥāq said: Khuzāʿah say: We are the Banū ʿAmr b. ʿĀmir, from Yemen. Ibn Hishām said: Khuzāʿah say: We are the Banū ʿAmr b. Rabīʿah b. Ḥārithah b. ʿAmr b. ʿĀmir. To Mudrikah b. Ilyās two sons were born: Khuzaymah b. Mudrikah and Hudhayl b. Mudrikah. To Khuzaymah b. Mudrikah four sons were born: Kinānah b. Khuzaymah, Asad, Asadah, and al-Hūn. Ibn Isḥāq said: The children of Kinānah b. Khuzaymah were four: al-Naḍr b. Kinānah, Mālik b. Kinānah, ʿAbd Manāh b. Kinānah, and Milkān b. Kinānah. Al-Naḍr b. Kinānah begot two sons: Mālik b. al-Naḍr and Yakhlud b. al-Naḍr. Ibn Hishām said: And al-Ṣalt b. al-Naḍr, according to what Abū ʿAmr al-Madanī said. Mālik b. al-Naḍr begot Fihr b. Mālik. Fihr b. Mālik begot four: Ghālib b. Fihr, Muḥārib b. Fihr, al-Ḥārith b. Fihr, and Asad b. Fihr. Ibn Hishām said: And Jandalah bt. Fihr, who is the mother of Yarbūʿ b. Ḥanẓalah b. Mālik. Ghālib b. Fihr begot two sons: Luʾayy b. Ghālib and Taym b. Ghālib. Taym b. Ghālib are called Banū al-Adram. Ibn Hishām said: And Qays b. Ghālib. Luʾayy begot four: Kaʿb b. Luʾayy, ʿĀmir b. Luʾayy, Sāmah b. Luʾayy, and ʿAwf b. Luʾayy. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy begot three: Murrah b. Kaʿb, ʿAdī b. Kaʿb, and Haṣīṣ b. Kaʿb. Murrah b. Kaʿb begot three: Kilāb b. Murrah, Taym b. Murrah, and Yaqaẓah b. Murrah. Kilāb b. Murrah begot two men: Quṣayy b. Kilāb and Zuhrah b. Kilāb. Quṣayy b. Kilāb begot four men and two women: ʿAbd Manāf b. Quṣayy, ʿAbd al-Dār b. Quṣayy, ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. Quṣayy, ʿAbd Quṣayy b. Quṣayy, Takhammur bt. Quṣayy, and Barrah bt. Quṣayy. ʿAbd Manāf begot four: Hāshim b. ʿAbd Manāf, ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf, al-Muṭṭalib b. ʿAbd Manāf—their mother being ʿĀtikah bt. Murrah b. Hilāl b. Fālij b. Dhakwān b. Thaʿlabah b. Buhthah b. Sulaym b. Manṣūr b. ʿIkrimah—and Nawfal b. ʿAbd Manāf, whose mother was Wāqidah bt. ʿAmr al-Māzinīyah. Ibn Hishām said: And Abū ʿAmr, Tumāḍir, Qilābah, Ḥayyah, Rayṭah, Umm al-Akhtham, and Umm Sufyān: children of ʿAbd Manāf. Hāshim b. ʿAbd Manāf begot four men and five women: ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib b. Hāshim, Asad b. Hāshim, Abū Ṣayfī b. Hāshim, Naḍlah b. Hāshim, al-Shifāʾ, Khālidah, Ḍaʿīfah, Ruqayyah, and Ḥayyah. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib b. Hāshim begot ten men and six women: al-ʿAbbās, Ḥamzah, ʿAbd Allāh, Abū Ṭālib—his name being ʿAbd Manāf—al-Zubayr, al-Ḥārith, Ḥajal, al-Miqwam, Ḍirār, Abū Lahab—his name being ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā—Ṣafiyyah, Umm Ḥakīm al-Bayḍāʾ, ʿĀtikah, Umaymah, Arwā, and Barrah. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib begot the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, the master of the children of Adam, Muhammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, may the blessings, peace, mercy, and bounties of Allah be upon him and upon his family. His mother was Āminah bt. Wahb b. ʿAbd Manāf b. Zuhrah b. Kilāb b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy b. Ghālib b. Fihr b. Mālik b. al-Naḍr. He is the noblest of the children of Adam in lineage and the best of them in descent from his father and his mother ﷺ. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib had vowed that if he fathered ten sons and they reached manhood with him so that they could protect him, he would sacrifice one of them. When that came to pass, he gathered his sons and cast lots among them. The lot fell upon ʿAbd Allāh, and he resolved to sacrifice him. Quraysh prevented him, lest that become a custom among them. Then they advised him to go to a soothsayer and consult her. He went to her, and she advised him to strike the arrow between ten camels and his son: if it fell upon the camels, they would be slaughtered; if it fell upon him, he should add ten more camels and strike again until the arrow fell upon the camels, and then he should slaughter them as his ransom. He kept doing that until he was ransomed with one hundred camels. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib took ʿAbd Allāh by the hand. While he was on his way, a woman, who was the sister of Waraqah b. Nawfal, saw him. She looked at his face and invited him to lie with her, offering him the like of the camels slaughtered for him. ʿAbd Allāh refused, since he was with his father and could not part from him. Then ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib went out with ʿAbd Allāh until he came to Wahb b. ʿAbd Manāf, the chief of Banū Zuhrah, and married him to his daughter Āminah bt. Wahb, the mother of our master Muhammad ﷺ. She was then the noblest of people in lineage and standing. ʿAbd Allāh died shortly after his marriage, when Āminah had conceived our master Muhammad ﷺ.
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