Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3681
Ahmad b. Isma'il's conquest of Sijistan
ذِكْرُ اسْتِيلَاءِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَلَى سِجِسْتَانَ فِي سَنَةُ ثَمَانٍ وَتِسْعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، فِي رَجَبٍ، اسْتَوْلَى أَبُو نَصْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّامَانِيُّ عَلَى سِجِسْتَانَ. وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا اسْتَقَرَّ أَمْرُهُ، وَثَبَتَ مُلْكُهُ، خَرَجَ فِي سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ وَتِسْعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ إِلَى الرَّيِّ، وَكَانَ يَسْكُنُ بُخَارَى، ثُمَّ سَارَ إِلَى هَرَاةَ، فَسَيَّرَ مِنْهَا جَيْشًا فِي الْمُحَرَّمِ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَتِسْعِينَ إِلَى سِجِسْتَانَ، وَسَيَّرَ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَعْيَانِ قُوَّادِهِ وَأُمَرَائِهِ، مِنْهُمْ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُظَفَّرِ، وَسِيمَجُورُ الدَّوَاتِيُّ، وَهُوَ وَالِدُ آلِ سِيمَجُورَ وُلَاةِ خُرَاسَانَ لِلسَّامَانِيَّةِ، وَسَيَرِدُ ذِكْرُهُمْ، وَاسْتَعْمَلَ أَحْمَدُ عَلَى هَذَا الْجَيْشِ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ الْمَرْوَرُوذِيِّ، فَسَارُوا حَتَّى أَتَوْا سِجِسْتَانَ، وَبِهَا الْمُعَدَّلُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ الصَّفَّارُ وَهُوَ صَاحِبُهَا. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْمُعَدَّلَ خَبَرُهُمْ سَيَّرَ أَخَاهُ أَبَا عَلِيٍّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ إِلَى بُسْتَ وَالرُّخَّجِ لِيَحْمِيَ أَمْوَالَهَا، وَيُرْسِلَ مِنْهَا الْمِيرَةَ إِلَى سِجِسْتَانَ، فَسَارَ الْأَمِيرُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ إِلَى أَبِي عَلِيٍّ بِبُسْتَ، وَجَاذَبَهُ، وَأَخَذَهُ أَسِيرًا، وَعَادَ بِهِ إِلَى هَرَاةَ. وَأَمَّا الْجَيْشُ الَّذِي بِسِجِسْتَانَ فَإِنَّهُمْ حَصَرُوا الْمُعَدَّلَ، وَضَايَقُوهُ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ أَخَاهُ أَبَا عَلِيٍّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ أُخِذَ أَسِيرًا، صَالَحَ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ، وَاسْتَأْمَنَ إِلَيْهِ، فَاسْتَوْلَى الْحُسَيْنُ عَلَى سِجِسْتَانَ، فَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْهَا الْأَمِيرُ أَحْمَدُ أَبَا صَالِحٍ مَنْصُورَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ، وَانْصَرَفَ الْحُسَيْنُ عَنْهَا وَمَعَهُ الْمُعَدَّلُ إِلَى بُخَارَى، ثُمَّ إِنَّ سِجِسْتَانَ خَالَفَ أَهْلُهَا سَنَةَ ثَلَاثِمِائَةٍ عَلَى مَا نَذْكُرُهُ. وَلَمَّا اسْتَوْلَى السَّامَانِيَّةُ عَلَى سِجِسْتَانَ بَلَغَهُمْ خَبَرُ مَسِيرِ سُبْكَرِيٍّ فِي الْمَفَازَةِ مِنْ فَارِسَ إِلَى سِجِسْتَانَ، فَسَيَّرُوا إِلَيْهِ جَيْشًا، فَلَقُوهُ وَهُوَ وَعَسْكَرُهُ قَدْ أَهْلَكَهُمُ التَّعَبُ، فَأَخَذُوهُ أَسِيرًا، وَاسْتَوْلَوْا عَلَى عَسْكَرِهِ، وَكَتَبَ الْأَمِيرُ أَحْمَدُ إِلَى الْمُقْتَدِرِ بِذَلِكَ، وَبِالْفَتْحِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَشْكُرُهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَيَأْمُرُهُ بِحَمْلِ سُبْكَرِيٍّ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ، إِلَى بَغْدَاذَ، فَسَيَّرَهُمَا، وَأُدْخِلَا بَغْدَاذَ مَشْهُورَيْنِ عَلَى فِيلَيْنِ، وَأَعَادَ الْمُقْتَدِرُ رُسُلَ أَحْمَدَ، صَاحِبِ خُرَاسَانَ، وَمَعَهُمُ الْهَدَايَا وَالْخِلَعُ.
Translation
✧ Mention of Ahmad b. Isma'il's conquest of Sijistan In the year two hundred and ninety-eight, in Rajab, Abu Nasr Ahmad b. Isma'il al-Samani took possession of Sijistan. The reason for that was that when his affairs were settled and his kingship was established, he set out in the year two hundred and ninety-seven to al-Rayy, and he had been residing in Bukhara. Then he traveled to Herat, and from there he dispatched an army in Muharram of the year two hundred and ninety-eight to Sijistan. He sent a group of his notable commanders and amirs, among them Ahmad b. Sahl, Muhammad b. al-Muzaffar, and Simjur al-Dawati, who was the father of the family of Simjur, the governors of Khurasan for the Samanids, who will be mentioned later. Ahmad appointed al-Husayn b. 'Ali al-Marwarudhi over this army. They marched until they reached Sijistan, where al-Mu'addal b. 'Ali b. al-Layth al-Saffar was its ruler. When news of them reached al-Mu'addal, he sent his brother Abu 'Ali Muhammad b. 'Ali b. al-Layth to Bust and al-Rukhkhaj to protect their wealth and send provisions from there to Sijistan. The amir Ahmad b. Isma'il marched against Abu 'Ali at Bust, engaged him, captured him as a prisoner, and returned with him to Herat. As for the army that was at Sijistan, they besieged al-Mu'addal and pressed him hard. When it reached him that his brother Abu 'Ali Muhammad had been taken prisoner, he made peace with al-Husayn b. 'Ali and sought safety from him. Al-Husayn then took possession of Sijistan, and the amir Ahmad appointed over it Abu Salih Mansur b. Ishaq, who was his cousin. Al-Husayn departed from there with al-Mu'addal to Bukhara. Later, the people of Sijistan rebelled in the year three hundred, as we shall mention. When the Samanids took possession of Sijistan, news reached them of Subkari's march through the desert from Fars to Sijistan. They sent an army against him. They met him while he and his army were exhausted by fatigue, so they captured him as a prisoner and took possession of his camp. The amir Ahmad wrote to al-Muqtadir about that and about the victory. Al-Muqtadir wrote back thanking him for that and ordering him to send Subkari and Muhammad b. 'Ali b. al-Layth to Baghdad. He sent them both, and they were brought into Baghdad publicly displayed on two elephants. Al-Muqtadir returned the envoys of Ahmad, the ruler of Khurasan, with gifts and robes of honor.
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