Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3638
Reports of the Qarmatians in Syria
قَتْلِ بَدْرٍ وَفِي سَنَةُ تِسْعٍ وَثَمَانِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ قُتِلَ بَدْرٌ غُلَامُ الْمُعْتَضِدِ، وَكَانَ سَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْقَاسِمَ الْوَزِيرَ كَانَ قَدْ هَمَّ بِنَقْلِ الْخِلَافَةِ عَنْ وَلَدِ الْمُعْتَضِدِ بَعْدَهُ، فَقَالَ لِبَدْرٍ، فِي ذَلِكَ فِي حَيَاةِ الْمُعْتَضِدِ بَعْدَ أَنِ اسْتَحْلَفَهُ وَاسْتَكْتَمَهُ، فَقَالَ بَدْرٌ: مَا كُنْتُ لِأَصْرِفَهَا عَنْ وَلَدِ مَوْلَايَ وَوَلِيِّ نِعْمَتِي، فَلَمْ يُمْكِنْهُ مُخَالَفَةُ بَدْرٍ إِذْ كَانَ صَاحِبَ الْجَيْشِ، وَحَقَدَهَا عَلَى بَدْرٍ، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ الْمُعْتَضِدُ كَانَ بَدْرٌ بِفَارِسَ، فَعَقَدَ الْقَاسِمُ الْبَيْعَةَ لِلْمُكْتَفِي وَهُوَ بِالرَّقَّةِ. وَكَانَ الْمُكْتَفِي أَيْضًا مُبَاعِدًا لِبَدْرٍ فِي حَيَاةِ أَبِيهِ، وَعَمِلَ الْقَاسِمُ فِي هَلَاكِ بَدْرٍ خَوْفًا عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يَذْكُرَ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ لِلْمُكْتَفِي. فَوَّجَهَ الْمُكْتَفِي مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ كَشْتِمُرَ بِرَسَائِلَ إِلَى الْقُوَّادِ الَّذِينَ مَعَ بَدْرٍ يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالْمَسِيرِ إِلَيْهِ وَمُفَارَقَةِ بَدْرٍ، فَفَارَقَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ، مِنْهُمُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْغَنَوِيُّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ كُنْدَاجَ، وَخَاقَانُ الْمُفْلِحِيُّ، وَغَيْرُهُمْ، فَأَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمُكْتَفِي. وَسَارَ بَدْرٌ إِلَى وَاسِطَ، فَوَكَّلَ الْمُكْتَفِي بِدَارِهِ، وَقَبَضَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَقُوَّادِهِ، وَحَبَسَهُمْ وَأَمَرَ بِمَحْوِ بَدْرٍ مِنَ التِّرَاسِ، وَالْأَعْلَامِ، وَسَيَّرَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ كَوْرَةَ فِي جَيْشِ وَاسِطَ. وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى بَدْرٍ يَعْرِضُ عَلَيْهِ أَيَّ النَّوَاحِي شَاءَ، فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ، وَقَالَ: لَا بُدَّ لِي مِنَ الْمَسِيرِ إِلَى بَابِ مَوْلَايَ ; فَوَجَدَ الْقَاسِمُ مَسَاغًا لِلْقَوْلِ، وَخَوَّفَ الْمُكْتَفِي غَائِلَتَهُ، وَبَلَغَ بَدْرًا مَا فُعِلَ بِأَهْلِهِ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، وَأَرْسَلَ مَنْ يَأْتِيهِ بِوَلَدِهِ هِلَالٍ سِرًّا، فَعَلِمَ الْوَزِيرُ بِذَلِكَ فَاحْتَاطَ عَلَيْهِ وَدَعَا أَبَا حَازِمٍ قَاضِيَ الشَّرْقِيَّةِ، وَأَمَرَهُ بِالْمَسِيرِ إِلَى بَدْرٍ، وَتَطْيِيبِ نَفْسِهِ عَلَى الْمُكْتَفِي، وَإِعْطَائِهِ الْأَمَانَ عَنْهُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَمَالِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو حَازِمٍ: أَحْتَاجُ إِلَى سَمَاعِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ; فَصَرَفَهُ، وَدَعَا أَبَا عُمَرَ الْقَاضِيَ، وَأَمَرَهُ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ فَأَجَابَهُ، وَسَارَ وَمَعَهُ كِتَابُ الْأَمَانِ. فَسَارَ بَدْرٌ عَنْ وَاسِطَ نَحْوَ بَغْدَاذَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ الْوَزِيرُ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ، فَلَمَّا أَيْقَنَ بِالْقَتْلِ سَأَلَ أَنْ يُمْهَلَ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، فَصَلَّاهُمَا ثُمَّ ضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُهُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ لِسِتٍّ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ. ثُمَّ أُخِذَ رَأْسُهُ وَتُرِكَتْ جُثَّتُهُ هُنَالِكَ، فَوَجَّهَ عِيَالُهُ مَنْ أَخَذَهَا سِرًّا وَجَعَلُوهَا فِي تَابُوتٍ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ وَقْتُ الْحَجِّ حَمَلُوهَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَدَفَنُوهَا بِهَا وَكَانَ أَوْصَى بِذَلِكَ، وَأَعْتَقَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ كُلَّ مَمْلُوكٍ كَانَ لَهُ. وَرَجَعَ أَبُو عُمَرَ الْقَاضِي إِلَى دَارِهِ كَئِيبًا حَزِينًا لِمَا كَانَ مِنْهُ، وَقَالَ النَّاسُ فِيهِ أَشْعَارًا وَتَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ، فَمِمَّا قِيلَ فِيهِ. قُلْ لِقَاضِي مَدِينَةِ الْمَنْصُورِ بِمَ أَحْلَلْتَ أَخْذَ رَأْسِ الْأَمِيرِ عِنْدَ إِعْطَائِهِ الْمَوَاثِيقَ وَالْعَهْ دَ وَعَقْدِ الْأَيْمَانِ فِي مَنْشُورِ أَيْنَ أَيْمَانُكَ الَّتِي شَهِدَ اللَّ هُ عَلَى أَنَّهَا يَمِينُ فُجُورِ إِنَّ كَفَّيْكَ لَا تُفَارِقُ كَفَّيْ هِ إِلَى أَنْ تُرَى عَلِيلَ السَّرِيرِ يَا قَلِيلَ الْحَيَاءِ يَا أَكْذَبَ الْأُمَّ ةِ يَا شَاهِدًا شَهَادَةَ زُورِ لَيْسَ هَذَا فِعْلَ الْقُضَاةِ وَلَا يُحْ سِنُ أَمْثَالَهُ وُلَاةُ الْجُسُورِ أَيُّ أَمْرٍ رَكِبْتَ فِي الْجُمُعَةِ الزَّهْ رَاءِ مِنْهُ فِي خَيْرِ هَذِي الشُّهُورِ قَدْ مَضَى مَنْ قَتَلْتَ فِي رَمَضَا نَ صَائِمًا بَعْدَ سَجْدَةِ التَّعْفِيرِ يَا بَنِي يُوسُفَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ أَضْحَى أَهْلُ بَغْدَاذَ مِنْكُمْ فِي غُرُورِ بَدَّدَ اللَّهُ شَمْلَكُمْ وَأَرَانِي ذُلَّكُمْ فِي حَيَاةِ هَذَا الْوَزِيرِ فَأَعِدُّوا الْجَوَابَ لِلْحَكَمِ الْعَدْ لِ وَمِنْ بَعْدُ مُنْكِرٍ وَنَكِيرِ أَنْتُمْ كُلُّكُمْ فِدًا لِأَبِي حَا زِمٍ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ كُلِّ الْأُمُورِ
Translation
✧ The Killing of Badr In the year two hundred and eighty-nine, Badr, the ghulām of al-Muʿtaḍid, was killed. The reason for that was that al-Qāsim the vizier had intended to transfer the caliphate away from the children of al-Muʿtaḍid after him, and he spoke to Badr about that during al-Muʿtaḍid's lifetime after he had made him swear an oath and entrusted him with the secret. Badr said: 'I would not divert it from the children of my master and the source of my bounty.' Al-Qāsim could not oppose Badr because he was the commander of the army, and he bore a grudge against Badr for it. When al-Muʿtaḍid died, Badr was in Fārs, and al-Qāsim concluded the oath of allegiance for al-Muktafī while he was in al-Raqqah. Al-Muktafī had also been distant from Badr during his father's lifetime, and al-Qāsim worked for Badr's destruction out of fear for himself that he would mention what had passed between them to al-Muktafī. Al-Muktafī sent Muḥammad b. Kashtumur with messages to the commanders who were with Badr ordering them to come to him and abandon Badr. A group left him, among them al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAmr al-Ghanawī, Muḥammad b. Isḥāq b. Kundāj, Khāqān al-Mufliḥī, and others, and al-Muktafī treated them well. Badr marched to Wāsiṭ, and al-Muktafī placed a guard over his house, seized his companions and commanders, imprisoned them, and ordered that Badr's name be effaced from the shields and banners, and he dispatched al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī Kūrah with an army to Wāsiṭ. He sent to Badr offering him whichever region he wished, but he refused that and said: 'I must go to the gate of my master.' So al-Qāsim found an opening for his words, and he made al-Muktafī fear his treachery. News reached Badr of what had been done to his family and companions, and he sent someone to bring his son Hilāl to him secretly. The vizier learned of that, so he took precautions against him and summoned Abū Ḥāzim, the judge of the eastern side, and ordered him to go to Badr, to reassure him of al-Muktafī's goodwill, and to grant him a guarantee of safety from him for himself, his son, and his property. Abū Ḥāzim said to him: 'I need to hear that from the Commander of the Faithful.' So he dismissed him, summoned Abū ʿUmar the judge, and ordered him to do the same, and he accepted. He set out with the written guarantee of safety. Badr marched from Wāsiṭ toward Baghdādh, and the vizier sent someone who killed him. When he was certain of death, he asked to be granted a respite so that he could pray two rakʿahs, and he prayed them, then his neck was struck on Friday, six days having passed of the month of Ramaḍān. Then his head was taken and his body was left there. His dependents sent someone who took it secretly and placed it in a coffin. When the time of the pilgrimage came, they carried it to Makkah and buried it there, as he had instructed, and he had freed every slave he owned before he was killed. Abū ʿUmar the judge returned to his house dejected and sorrowful because of what he had done, and people composed poems about him and spoke about him. Among what was said about him: Say to the judge of the city of al-Manṣūr: by what did you make lawful the taking of the amir's head When you gave him covenants and pledges and the binding of oaths in a written decree? Where are your oaths which God witnessed to be oaths of wickedness? Your palms did not part from his palms until you were seen sick on the bed. O you of little modesty, O most lying of the community, O witness who bears false witness. This is not the act of judges, nor would the governors of bridges do such a thing well. What matter did you undertake on the radiant Friday, in the best of these months? He whom you killed in Ramaḍān has passed on, fasting, after a prostration of humility. O sons of Yūsuf b. Yaʿqūb, the people of Baghdādh have become deluded by you. May God scatter your unity and show me your humiliation during the lifetime of this vizier. So prepare an answer for the just Judge, and after that for Munkar and Nakīr. You are all a ransom for Abū Ḥā- zim, the upright in all matters.
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