Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3594
The Year 280 AH from the Emigration
خُرُوجِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ عَلَى هَارُونَ وَكِلَاهُمَا خَارِجِيَّانِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ خَرَجَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ، وَيُعْرَفُ بِأَبِي جَوْزَةَ، وَهُوَ مِنْ بَنِي زُهَيْرٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ قَبْرَاثَا، مِنَ الْبَقْعَاءِ عَلَى هَارُونَ، وَكِلَاهُمَا مِنَ الْخَوَارِجِ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ أَمْرِهِ فَقِيرًا، وَكَانَ هُوَ وَابْنَانِ لَهُ يَلْتَقِطُونَ الْكَمْأَةَ وَيَبِيعُونَهَا، إِلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْأَعْمَالِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جَمَعَ جَمَاعَةً، وَحُكِّمَ، فَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُ تِلْكَ النَّوَاحِي مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ، وَقَوِيَ أَمْرُهُ، وَأَخَذَ عُشْرَ الْغَلَّاتِ، وَقَبَضَ الزَّكَاةَ، وَسَارَ إِلَى مَعْلَثَايَا، فَقَاطَعَهُ أَهْلُهَاَ عَلَى خَمْسِمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ، ( وَجَبَى تِلْكَ الْأَعْمَالَ )، وَعَادَ وَبَنَى عِنْدَ سِنْجَارَ حِصْنًا، وَحَمَلَ إِلَيْهِ الْأَمْتِعَةَ، وَالْمِيرَةَ، وَجَعَلَ فِيهِ ابْنَهُ أَبَا هِلَالٍ وَمَعَهُ مِائَةٌ وَخَمْسُونَ رَجُلًا مِنْ وُجُوهِ بَنِي زُهَيْرٍ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ. وَوَصَلَ خَبَرُهُمْ إِلَى هَارُونَ الشَّارِيِّ، فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُ وَرَأْيُ وُجُوهِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَلَى قَصْدِ الْحِصْنِ أَوَّلًا، فَإِذَا فَرَغُوا مِنْهُ سَارُوا إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ، فَجَمَعَ أَصْحَابَهُ، فَبَلَغُوا مِائَةَ رَاجِلٍ، وَأَلْفًا وَمِائَتَيْ فَارِسٍ، وَسَارَ إِلَيْهِ مُبَادِرًا، وَأَحْدَقَ بِهِ وَحَصَرَهُ ; وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ فِي قَبْرَاثَا لَا يَعْلَمُ بِذَلِكَ. وَجَدَّ هَارُونُ فِي قِتَالِ الْحِصْنِ، وَكَانَ مَعَهُ سَلَالِيمُ قَدْ أَخَذَهَا، وَزَحَفَ إِلَيْهِ وَكَانَ أَصْحَابُهُ قَدْ مَنَعُوا أَحَدًا يُخْرِجُ رَأْسَهُ مِنْ أَعْلَى السُّورِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى مَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ بَنِي تَغْلِبَ تَغَلُّبَهُ عَلَى الْحِصْنِ أَعْطَوْا مَنْ فِيهِ مِنْ بَنِي زُهَيْرٍ الْأَمَانَ بِغَيْرِ أَمْرِ هَارُونَ، فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى تَغْيِيرِ ذَلِكَ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَتَلَ أَبَا هِلَالِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ، وَنَفَرًا مَعَهُ قَبْلَ الْأَمَانِ، وَفَتَحُوا الْحِصْنَ، وَمَلَكُوا مَا فِيهِ. وَسَارُوا إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَهُوَ بِقَبْرَاثَا، فَلَقُوهُ وَهُوَ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافِ رَجُلٍ فَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَانْهَزَمَ هَارُونُ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ، فَوَقَفَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ وَنَادَى رِجَالًا بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ فَاجْتَمَعُوا نَحْوَ أَرْبَعِينَ رَجُلًا، وَحَمَلُوا عَلَى مَيْمَنَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ. فَانْهَزَمَتِ الْمَيْمَنَةُ، وَعَادَتِ الْحَرْبُ، فَانْهَزَمَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ، وَوَضَعُوا السَّيْفَ فِيهِمْ، فَقَتَلُوا مِنْهُمْ أَلْفًا وَأَرْبَعَمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ، وَحَجَزَ بَيْنَهُمُ اللَّيْلُ، وَجَمَعَ هَارُونُ مَا لَهُمْ فَقَسَّمَهُ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَانْهَزَمَ مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَى آمِدَ، فَأَخَذَهُ صَاحِبُهَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ الشَّيْخِ، بَعْدَ حَرْبٍ، فَظَفِرَ بِهِ، فَأَخَذَهُ أَسِيرًا، وَسَيَّرَهُ إِلَى الْمُعْتَضِدِ، فَسَلَخَ جِلْدَهُ كَمَا يَسْلُخُ الشَّاةَ.
Translation
✧ The emergence of Muhammad b. ʿUbādah against Hārūn, both of them being Kharijites In this year, Muhammad b. ʿUbādah, known as Abū Jawzah, of the Banū Zuhayr from the people of Qabrāthā, of the Baqʿāʾ, emerged against Hārūn, both of them being from the Khawārij. His affair began in poverty: he and his two sons used to gather truffles and sell them, among other such labors. Then he gathered a group, and judgment was sought from him, and the people of those districts—the Bedouin Arabs—gathered to him, and his affair grew strong. He took the tithe of the produce and collected the zakāt, and marched to Maʿlathāyā. Its people contracted with him for five hundred dinars, and he collected the revenues of those districts. He returned and built a fortress near Sinjār, and carried to it goods and provisions, and placed in it his son Abū Hilāl, with one hundred and fifty men from the notables of Banū Zuhayr and others. The news of them reached Hārūn the Kharijite, whose view and that of the leading men among his companions concurred upon making for the fortress first. Once they had finished with it, they would march against Muhammad b. ʿUbādah. So he gathered his companions, and they amounted to one hundred foot soldiers and one thousand two hundred cavalry, and he marched speedily against it, surrounded it, and besieged it, while Muhammad b. ʿUbādah was in Qabrāthā unaware of that. Hārūn pressed hard in fighting the fortress. He had ladders with him that he had brought, and he advanced upon it. His companions prevented anyone from raising his head above the top of the wall. When those with him of Banū Taghlib saw his gaining the upper hand over the fortress, they granted safety to those within it of Banū Zuhayr without Hārūn's command. That distressed him, but he was unable to alter it, except that he killed Abū Hilāl, the son of Muhammad b. ʿUbādah, and a number with him before the grant of safety. Then they opened the fortress and took possession of what was in it. They marched against Muhammad while he was in Qabrāthā, and they met him with four thousand men. They fought, and Hārūn and those with him were defeated. Some of his companions stood and called out to men by name, and about forty men gathered to him. They charged upon Muhammad b. ʿUbādah's right wing. The right wing was routed, and the battle turned again. Muhammad and those with him were defeated, and they put the sword to them, killing one thousand four hundred men. Night intervened between them. Hārūn gathered their property and divided it among his companions. Muhammad fled to Āmid, and its governor Ahmad b. ʿĪsā b. al-Shaykh seized him after fighting, and gained victory over him, taking him prisoner. He sent him to al-Muʿtaḍid, who flayed his skin as a sheep is flayed.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording. Ask what scholars say about its grade