Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3421
The Year 255 AH
ظُهُورِ قَبِيحَةَ أُمِّ الْمُعْتَزِّ وَفِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سنة خمس وخمسين ومائتين ظَهَرَت قَبِيحَةَ أُمِّ الْمُعْتَزِّ وَكَانَ السَّبَبُ فِي هَرَبِهَا وَظُهُورِهَا أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ قَدْ وَاطَأَتِ النَّفَرَ مِنَ الْكُتَّابِ الَّذِينَ أَوْقَعَ بِهِمْ صَالِحٌ عَلَى الْفَتْكِ بِصَالِحٍ، فَلَمَّا أَوْقَعَ بِهِمْ، وَعَذَّبَهُمْ، عَلِمَتْ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَكْتُمُونَ عَنْهُ شَيْئًا، فَأَيْقَنَتْ بِالْهَلَاكِ، فَعَمِلَتْ فِي الْخَلَاصِ، وَأَخْرَجَتْ مَا فِي الْخَزَائِنِ إِلَى خَارِجِ الْجَوْسَقِ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ، وَالْجَوَاهِرِ، وَغَيْرِهَا، فَأَوْدَعَتْهُ، وَاحْتَالَتْ، فَحَفَرَتْ سَرَبًا فِي حُجْرَةٍ لَهَا إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ يَفُوتُ التَّفْتِيشَ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَتِ الْحَادِثَةُ عَلَى الْمُعْتَزِّ بَادَرَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ فِي ذَلِكَ السَّرَبِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنَ الْمُعْتَزِّ طَلَبُوهَا فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهَا، وَرَأَوُا السَّرَبَ، فَخَرَجُوا مِنْهُ، فَلَمْ يَقِفُوا عَلَى خَبَرِهَا، وَبَحَثُوا عَنْهَا فَلَمْ يَظْفَرُوا بِهَا. ثُمَّ إِنَّهَا فَكَّرَتْ أَنَّ ابْنَهَا قُتِلَ، وَأَنَّ الَّذِي تَخْتَفِي عِنْدَهُ يَطْمَعُ فِي مَالِهَا وَفِي نَفْسِهَا، وَيَتَقَرَّبُ بِهَا إِلَى صَالِحٍ، ( فَأَرْسَلَتِ امْرَأَةً عَطَّارَةً إِلَى صَالِحِ ) بْنِ وَصِيفٍ، فَتَوَسَّطَتِ الْحَالَ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَظَهَرَتْ فِي رَمَضَانَ، وَكَانَتْ لَهَا أَمْوَالٌ بِبَغْدَاذَ، فَأَحْضَرَتْهَا، وَهِيَ مِقْدَارُ خَمْسِمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ، وَظَفِرُوا لَهَا بِخَزَائِنَ تَحْتَ الْأَرْضِ فِيهَا أَمْوَالٌ كَثِيرَةٌ، وَمِنْ جُمْلَتِهَا دَارٌ تَحْتَ الْأَرْضِ، وَجَدُوا فِيهَا أَلْفَ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ وَثَلَاثَمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ، وَوَجَدُوا فِي سَفَطٍ قَدْرَ مَكُّوكٍ زُمُرُّدًا لَمْ يَرَ النَّاسُ مِثْلَهُ، وَفِي سَفَطٍ آخَرَ مِقْدَارَ مَكُّوكٍ مِنَ اللُّؤْلُؤِ الْكِبَارِ ; وَفِي سَفَطٍ مِقْدَارَ كَيْلَجَةٍ مِنَ الْيَاقُوتِ الْأَحْمَرِ الَّذِي لَمْ يُوجَدْ مِثْلُهُ، فَحُمِلَ الْجَمِيعُ إِلَى صَالِحٍ، فَسَبَّهَا، وَقَالَ: عَرَّضَتِ ابْنَهَا لِلْقَتْلِ فِي خَمْسِينَ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ، وَعِنْدَهَا هَذِهِ الْأَمْوَالُ كُلُّهَا ! ثُمَّ سَارَتْ قَبِيحَةُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، فَسُمِعَتْ وَهِيَ تَدْعُو بِصَوْتٍ عَالٍ عَلَى صَالِحِ بْنِ وَصِيفٍ، وَتَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ أَخْزِ صَالِحًا كَمَا هَتَكَ سِتْرِي، وَقَتَلَ وَلَدِي، وَشَتَّتَ شَمْلِي، وَأَخَذَ مَالِي، وَغَرَّبَنِي عَنْ بَلَدِي، وَرَكِبَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مِنِّي، وَأَقَامَتْ بِمَكَّةَ. وَكَانَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ سَمَّاهَا قَبِيحَةَ لِحُسْنِهَا وَجَمَالِهَا، كَمَا يُسَمَّى الْأَسْوَدُ كَافُورًا.
Translation
✧ The Emergence of Qabīḥah, Mother of al-Muʿtazz In Ramaḍān of the year 255 AH, Qabīḥah, the mother of al-Muʿtazz, emerged. The reason for her flight and emergence was that she had conspired with a group of the scribes against whom Ṣāliḥ had acted, agreeing that they would assassinate Ṣāliḥ. When he acted against them and tortured them, she knew that they would not conceal anything from him, so she became certain of destruction. She set about saving herself and brought out what was in the treasuries to outside the palace—money, jewels, and other things—and deposited it. She contrived and dug a tunnel from a chamber of hers to a place beyond the search. When the incident came upon al-Muʿtazz, she hastened and went out through that tunnel. When they finished with al-Muʿtazz, they looked for her and did not find her. They saw the tunnel and came out of it, but they did not learn any news of her. They searched for her but did not seize her. Then she reflected that her son had been killed, and that anyone with whom she hid would covet her wealth and her person, and would seek favor with Ṣāliḥ by handing her over. So she sent a woman perfumer to Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf, and she mediated the matter between them. She emerged in Ramaḍān. She had funds in Baghdādh, so she brought them out, and they amounted to five hundred thousand dinars. They found for her treasuries underground containing much wealth. Among them was an underground house in which they found one million three hundred thousand dinars. In a basket they found about a makkūk of emeralds the like of which people had never seen, and in another basket about a makkūk of large pearls, and in a basket about a kaylajah of red rubies the like of which had never been found. All of it was carried to Ṣāliḥ. He reviled her and said, "She exposed her son to death for fifty thousand dinars, while she had all this wealth!" Then Qabīḥah traveled to Makkah. She was heard supplicating with a loud voice against Ṣāliḥ b. Waṣīf, saying, "O Allah, disgrace Ṣāliḥ as he tore my veil, killed my son, scattered my family, took my wealth, exiled me from my land, and committed an outrage against me." She stayed in Makkah. Al-Mutawakkil had named her Qabīḥah (Ugly) because of her beauty and loveliness, just as the black one is named Kāfūr (Camphor).
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