Tarikh (al-Tabari) 336
The story of ʿĪsā b. Maryam (peace be upon him)
بَيَانُ نُزُولِ الْكُتُبِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ وَمَوَاقِيتِهَا وعن مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ: أُنْزِلَتِ التَّوْرَاةُ عَلَى مُوسَى فِي سِتِّ لَيَالٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، وَنَزَلَ الزَّبُورُ عَلَى دَاوُدَ فِي اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، وَذَلِكَ بَعْدَ التَّوْرَاةِ بِأَرْبَعِمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَاثْنَتَيْنِ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً، وَأُنْزِلَ الْإِنْجِيلُ عَلَى عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فِي ثَمَانِي عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، بَعْدَ الزَّبُورِ بِأَلْفِ عَامٍ وَخَمْسِينَ عَامًا، وَأُنْزِلَ الْفَرْقَانُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، فِي أَرْبَعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا فِي " التَّفْسِيرِ " عِنْدَ قَوْلِهِ: شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ الْأَحَادِيثَ الْوَارِدَةَ فِي ذَلِكَ، وَفِيهَا أَنَّ الْإِنْجِيلَ أُنْزِلَ عَلَى عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، فِي ثَمَانِي عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ. وَذَكَرَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ فِي " تَارِيخِهِ " أَنَّهُ أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً، وَمَكَثَ حَتَّى رُفِعَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً. كَمَا سَيَأْتِي بَيَانُهُ، إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَى عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ: يَا عِيسَى جِدَّ فِي أَمْرِي وَلَا تَهِنْ، وَاسْمَعْ وَأَطِعْ يَا ابْنَ الطَّاهِرَةِ الْبِكْرِ الْبَتُولِ، إِنَّكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ فَحْلٍ وَأَنَا خَلَقْتُكَ آيَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ، إِيَّايَ فَاعْبُدْ وَعَلَيَّ فَتَوَكَّلْ، خُذِ الْكِتَابَ بِقُوَّةٍ، فَسِّرْ لِأَهْلِ السُّرْيَانِيَّةِ، بَلِّغْ مَنْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ أَنِّي أَنَا الْحَيُّ الْقَائِمُ الَّذِي لَا أَزُولُ، صَدِّقُوا النَّبِيَّ الْأُمِّيَّ الْعَرَبِيَّ، صَاحِبَ الْجَمَلِ وَالتَّاجِ - وَهِيَ الْعِمَامَةُ - وَالْمِدْرَعَةِ وَالنَّعْلَيْنِ وَالْهِرَاوَةِ - وَهِيَ الْقَضِيبُ - الْأَنْجَلَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ، الصَّلْتَ الْجَبِينِ، الْوَاضِحَ الْخَدَّيْنِ، الْجَعْدَ الرَّأْسِ، الْكَثَّ اللِّحْيَةِ، الْمَقْرُونَ الْحَاجِبَيْنِ، الْأَقْنَى الْأَنْفِ، الْمُفَلَّجَ الثَّنَايَا، الْبَادِيَ الْعَنْفَقَةِ، الَّذِي كَأَنَّ عُنُقَهُ إِبْرِيقُ فِضَّةٍ، وَكَأَنَّ الذَّهَبَ يَجْرِي فِي تَرَاقِيهِ، لَهُ شَعَرَاتٌ مِنْ لَبَّتِهِ إِلَى سُرَّتِهِ تَجْرِي كَالْقَضِيبِ، لَيْسَ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ وَلَا عَلَى صَدْرِهِ شَعْرٌ غَيْرُهُ، شَثْنَ الْكَفِّ وَالْقَدَمِ، إِذَا الْتَفَتَ الْتَفَتَ جَمِيعًا، وَإِذَا مَشَى كَأَنَّمَا يَتَقَلَّعُ مِنْ صَخْرٍ وَيَنْحَدِرُ مِنْ صَبَبٍ، عَرَقُهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ كَاللُّؤْلُؤِ، وَرِيحُ الْمِسْكِ يَنْفَحُ مِنْهُ، لَمْ يُرَ قَبْلَهُ وَلَا بَعْدَهُ مِثْلُهُ، الْحَسَنَ الْقَامَةِ، الطَّيِّبَ الرِّيحِ، نَكَّاحَ النِّسَاءِ، ذَا النَّسْلِ الْقَلِيلِ، إِنَّمَا نَسْلُهُ مِنْ مُبَارَكَةٍ لَهَا بَيْتٌ - يَعْنِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ - مِنْ قَصَبٍ، لَا نَصَبَ فِيهِ وَلَا صَخَبَ، تُكَفِّلُهُ - يَا عِيسَى - فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ كَمَا كَفَّلَ زَكَرِيَّا أُمَّكَ، لَهُ مِنْهَا فَرْخَانِ مُسْتَشْهَدَانِ، وَلَهُ عِنْدِي مَنْزِلَةٌ لَيْسَتْ لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْبَشَرِ، كَلَامُهُ الْقُرْآنُ، وَدِينُهُ الْإِسْلَامُ، وَأَنَا السَّلَامُ، طُوبَى لِمَنْ أَدْرَكَ زَمَانَهُ، وَشَهِدَ أَيَّامَهُ، وَسَمِعَ كَلَامَهُ.
Translation
✧ An account of the sending down of the four scriptures and their times And on the authority of Muʿāwiyah b. Ṣāliḥ, from someone who narrated to him, he said: The Torah was sent down to Moses on six nights that had passed of the month of Ramaḍān, and the Psalms were sent down to David on twelve nights that had passed of the month of Ramaḍān, and that was four hundred and eighty-two years after the Torah, and the Gospel was sent down to ʿĪsā b. Maryam on eighteen nights that had passed of the month of Ramaḍān, one thousand and fifty years after the Psalms, and the Criterion was sent down to Muḥammad ﷺ on the twenty-fourth of the month of Ramaḍān. We have mentioned in the “Tafsīr,” regarding His saying: “The month of Ramaḍān in which the Qurʾān was sent down,” the ḥadīths reported concerning that, and among them is that the Gospel was sent down to ʿĪsā b. Maryam ﷺ on eighteen nights that had passed of the month of Ramaḍān. Ibn Jarīr mentioned in his “Tārīkh” that it was sent down to him when he was thirty years old, and he remained until he was raised to heaven when he was thirty-three years old, as will be explained, if God Almighty wills. And on the authority of Abū Hurayrah, he said: God, Mighty and Majestic, revealed to ʿĪsā b. Maryam: O ʿĪsā, be earnest in My affair and do not weaken, and hear and obey, O son of the pure virgin, the chaste one. You are without a male, and I created you as a sign for the worlds. Worship Me alone and rely upon Me. Take the Book with strength, and explain it to the people of Syriac. Convey to those before you that I am the Living, the Sustainer, who does not cease. Believe in the unlettered Arab Prophet, the companion of the camel and the crown—which is the turban—and the woolen garment and the two sandals and the staff—which is the rod—the one with wide eyes, the smooth forehead, the clear cheeks, the curly hair, the thick beard, the joined eyebrows, the aquiline nose, the gap-toothed front teeth, the visible tuft of hair under the lower lip, whose neck is like a silver jug, and as if gold runs in his collarbones. He has hairs from his chest to his navel flowing like a rod; there is no other hair on his belly or chest. He has large hands and feet. When he turns, he turns entirely; and when he walks, it is as if he pulls himself up from a rock and descends from a slope. His sweat on his face is like pearls, and the scent of musk wafts from him. None like him has been seen before him or after him. Good of stature, pleasant of scent, one who marries women, with few offspring. His offspring will be only from a blessed woman who has a house—meaning in Paradise—made of reeds, with no toil in it and no clamor. You, O ʿĪsā, will take charge of her at the end of time, just as Zechariah took charge of your mother. From her he will have two offspring who will be martyred. He has a station with Me that none of humankind possesses. His speech is the Qurʾān, his religion is Islam, and I am Peace. Blessed is he who attains his time, witnesses his days, and hears his speech.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.