Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3353
The Year 241 AH
ثُمَّ دَخَلَتْ سَنَةُ إِحْدَى وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ ذِكْرُ وُثُوبِ أَهْلِ حِمْصَ بِعَامِلِهِمْ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَثَبَ أَهْلُ حِمْصَ بِعَامِلِهِمْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدَوَيْهِ، وَأَعَانَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ مِنْ نَصَارَى حِمْصَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ بِذَلِكَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَأْمُرُهُ بِمُنَاهَضَتِهِمْ، وَأَمَدَّهُ بِجُنْدٍ مِنْ دِمَشْقَ وَالرَّمْلَةِ، ( فَظَفَرَ بِهِمْ )، فَضَرَبَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ رُؤَسَائِهِمْ حَتَّى مَاتَا وَصَلَبَهُمَا عَلَى بَابِ حِمْصَ، وَسَيَّرَ ثَمَانِيَةَ رِجَالٍ مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ إِلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ، وَظَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِعَشَرَةِ رِجَالٍ مِنْ أَعْيَانِهِمْ، فَضَرَبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ، وَأَمَرَهُ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ بِإِخْرَاجِ النَّصَارَى مِنْهَا، وَهَدْمِ كَنَائِسِهِمْ، وَبِإِدْخَالِ الْبَيْعَةِ الَّتِي إِلَى جَانِبِ الْجَامِعِ إِلَى الْجَامِعِ، فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ. ذِكْرُ الْفِدَاءِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالرُّومِ وَفِيهَا كَانَ الْفِدَاءُ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالرُّومِ، بَعْدَ أَنْ قَتَلَتْ تَدُورَةُ مَلِكَةُ الرُّومِ مِنْ أَسْرَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا، فَإِنَّهَا عَرَضَتِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ عَلَى الْأَسْرَى، فَمَنْ تَنَصَّرَ جَعَلَتْهُ أُسْوَةَ مَنْ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْمُتَنَصِّرَةِ، وَمَنْ أَبَى قَتَلَتْهُ، وَأَرْسَلَتْ تَطْلُبُ الْمُفَادَاةَ لِمَنْ بَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ، فَأَرْسَلَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ شُنَيْفًا الْخَادِمَ عَلَى الْفِدَاءِ، وَطَلَبَ قَاضِي الْقُضَاةِ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ الْفِدَاءَ، وَيَسْتَخْلِفَ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ مَنْ يَقُومُ مَقَامَهُ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ فَحَضَرَهُ وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ ابْنَ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ، وَهُوَ شَابٌّ، وَوَقَعَ الْفِدَاءُ عَلَى نَهْرِ اللَّامِسِ، فَكَانَ أَسْرَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ سَبْعَ مِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةً وَثَمَانِينَ رَجُلًا، وَمِنَ النِّسَاءِ مِائَةً وَخَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ امْرَأَةً. وَفِيهَا جَعَلَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ كُلَّ كُورَةٍ شِمْشَاطَ عُشْرِيَّةً، وَكَانَتْ خَرَاجِيَّةً. ذِكْرُ غَارَاتِ الْبُجَاةِ بِمِصْرَ وَفِيهَا أَغَارَتِ الْبُجَاةُ عَلَى أَرْضِ مِصْرَ، وَكَانَتْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ لَا تَغْزُو بِلَادَ الْإِسْلَامِ لِهُدْنَةٍ قَدِيمَةٍ، وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَاهَا فِيمَا مَضَى، وَفِي بِلَادِهِمْ مَعَادِنُ يُقَاسِمُونَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَيْهَا، وَيُؤَدُّونَ إِلَى عُمَّالِ مِصْرَ نَحْوَ الْخُمْسِ. فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ أَيَّامُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ امْتَنَعَتْ عَنْ أَدَاءِ ذَلِكَ، فَكَتَبَ صَاحِبُ الْبَرِيدِ بِمِصْرَ بِخَبَرِهِمْ، وَأَنَّهُمْ قَتَلُوا عِدَّةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِمَّنْ يَعْمَلُ فِي الْمَعَادِنِ، فَهَرَبَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْهَا خَوْفًا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ، فَأَنْكَرَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ ذَلِكَ، فَشَاوَرَ فِي أَمْرِهِمْ، فَذُكِرَ لَهُ أَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ بَادِيَةٍ، أَصْحَابُ إِبِلٍ وَمَاشِيَةٍ، وَأَنَّ الْوُصُولَ إِلَى بِلَادِهِمْ صَعْبٌ لِأَنَّهَا مَفَاوِزُ، وَبَيْنَ أَرْضِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَبَيْنَهَا مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ فِي أَرْضٍ قَفْرٍ وَجِبَالٍ وَعِرَةٍ، وَأَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ يَدْخُلُهَا مِنَ الْجُيُوشِ يَحْتَاجُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّدَ لِمُدَّةٍ يَتَوَهَّمُ أَنَّهُ يُقِيمُهَا إِلَى أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِلَى بِلَادِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَإِنْ جَاوَزَ تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةَ هَلَكَ، وَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الْبُجَاةُ بِالْيَدِ، وَأَنَّ أَرْضَهُمْ لَا تَرُدُّ عَلَى سُلْطَانٍ شَيْئًا. فَأَمْسَكَ الْمُتَوَكِّلُ عَنْهُمْ، فَطَمِعُوا وَزَادَ شَرُّهُمْ حَتَّى خَافَ أَهْلُ الصَّعِيدِ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ مِنْهُمْ، فَوَلَّى الْمُتَوَكِّلُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقُمِّيَّ مُحَارَبَتَهُمْ، وَوَلَّاهُ مَعُونَةَ تِلْكَ الْكُورِ، وَهِيَ قُفْطُ، وَالْأَقْصُرُ، وَأَسْنَا وَأَرْمَنْتُ، وَأَسْوَانُ، وَأَمَرَهُ بِمُحَارَبَةِ الْبُجَاةِ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى عَنْبَسَةَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الضَّبِّيِّ عَامِلِ حَرْبِ مِصْرَ بِإِزَاحَةِ عِلَّتِهِ، وَإِعْطَائِهِ مِنَ الْجُنْدِ مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ، فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ. وَسَارَ مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْبُجَاةِ وَتَبِعَهُ مِمَّنْ يَعْمَلُ فِي الْمَعَادِنِ وَالْمُتَطَوِّعَةُ عَالَمٌ كَثِيرٌ، فَبَلَغَتْ عِدَّتُهُمْ نَحْوًا مِنْ عِشْرِينَ أَلْفًا بَيْنَ فَارِسٍ وَرَاجِلٍ، وَوَجَّهَ إِلَى الْقُلْزُمِ، فَحَمَّلَ فِي الْبَحْرِ سَبْعَةَ مَرَاكِبَ مَوْقُورَةً بِالدَّقِيقِ، وَالزَّيْتِ، وَالتَّمْرِ، وَالشَّعِيرِ، وَالسَّوِيقِ، وَأَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ أَنْ يُوَافُوهُ بِهَا فِي سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ مِمَّا يَلِي بِلَادَ الْبُجَاةِ، وَسَارَ حَتَّى جَاوَزَ الْمَعَادِنَ الَّتِي يُعْمَلُ فِيهَا الذَّهَبُ، وَسَارَ إِلَى حُصُونِهِمْ وَقِلَاعِهِمْ، وَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ مَلِكُهُمْ، وَاسْمُهُ عَلِيُّ بَابَا، فِي جَيْشٍ كَثِيرٍ أَضْعَافِ مَنْ مَعَ الْقُمِّيِّ، فَكَانَتِ الْبُجَاةُ عَلَى الْإِبِلِ، وَهِيَ إِبِلٌ فُرَّةٌ تُشْبِهُ الْمَهَارِي، فَتَحَارَبُوا أَيَّامًا وَلَمْ يَصْدُقْهُمْ عَلِيُّ بَابَا الْقِتَالَ لِتَطُولَ الْأَيَّامُ، وَتَفْنَى أَزْوَادُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَلُوفَاتُهُمْ، فَيَأْخُذَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حَرْبٍ، فَأَقْبَلَتْ تِلْكَ الْمَرَاكِبُ الَّتِي فِيهَا الْأَقْوَاتُ فِي الْبَحْرِ، فَفَرَّقَ الْقُمِّيُّ مَا كَانَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ ( فَامْتَنَعُوا فِيهَا ). فَلَمَّا رَأَى عَلِيُّ بَابَا ذَلِكَ صَدَقَهُمُ الْقِتَالَ، وَجَمَعَ لَهُمْ، فَالْتَقَوْا وَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَكَانَتْ إِبِلُهُمْ ذَعِرَةً تَنْفِرُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْقُمِّيُّ ذَلِكَ جَمَعَ كَلَّ جَرَسٍ فِي عَسْكَرِهِ وَجَعَلَهَا فِي أَعْنَاقِ خَيْلِهِ، ثُمَّ حَمَلُوا عَلَى الْبُجَاةِ، فَنَفَرَتْ إِبِلُهُمْ لِأَصْوَاتِ الْأَجْرَاسِ، فَحَمَلَتْهُمْ عَلَى الْجِبَالِ وَالْأَوْدِيَةِ، وَتَبِعَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ قَتْلًا وَأَسْرًا، حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُمُ اللَّيْلُ، وَذَلِكَ أَوَّلَ سَنَةِ إِحْدَى وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِهِ وَلَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى إِحْصَاءِ الْقَتْلَى لِكَثْرَتِهِمْ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ مَلِكَهُمْ عَلِيَّ بَابَا طَلَبَ الْأَمَانَ فَأَمَّنَهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَرُدَّ مَمْلَكَتَهُ وَبِلَادَهُ، فَأَدَّى إِلَيْهِمُ الْخَرَاجَ لِلْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَ مَنَعَهَا، وَهِيَ أَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ، وَسَارَ مَعَ الْقُمِّيِّ إِلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ ( عَلَى مَمْلَكَتِهِ ) ابْنَهُ بَغْشَ، فَلَمَّا وَصَلَ إِلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ خَلَعَ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ، وَكَسَا جَمَلَهُ رَحْلًا مَلِيحًا وَجِلَالَ دِيبَاجٍ. وَوَلَّى الْمُتَوَكِّلُ الْبُجَاةَ طَرِيقَ مِصْرَ، مَا بَيْنَ مِصْرَ وَمَكَّةَ، سَعْدًا الْخَادِمَ الْإِيتَاخِيَّ، فَوَلَّى الْإِيتَاخِيُّ مُحَمَّدًا الْقُمِّيَّ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهَا وَمَعَهُ عَلِي بَابَا وَهُوَ عَلَى دِينِهِ، وَكَانَ مَعَهُ صَنَمٌ مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ كَهَيْئَةِ الصَّبِيِّ يَسْجُدُ لَهُ. ذِكْرُ عِدَّةِ حَوَادِثَ وَفِيهَا مُطِرَ النَّاسُ بِسَامَرَّا مَطَرًا شَدِيدًا فِي آبَ. ضرب عيسى بن جعفر ألف سوط وَقِيلَ فِيهَا: إِنَّهُ أُنْهِيَ إِلَى الْمُتَوَكِّلِ أَنَّ عِيسَى بْنَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ، صَاحِبَ خَانِ عَاصِمٍ بِبَغْدَاذَ، يَشْتُمُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَحَفْصَةَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ طَاهِرٍ أَنْ يَضْرِبَهُ بِالسِّيَاطِ، فَإِذَا مَاتَ رَمَى بِهِ فِي دِجْلَةَ، ( فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَأُلْقِيَ فِي دِجْلَةَ ). وَفِيهَا وَقَعَ الصِّدَامُ فَنَفَقَتِ الدَّوَابُّ وَالْبَقَرُ. إِغَارَةُ الرُّومِ عَلَى عَيْنِ زَرِبَةَ وَفِيهَا أَغَارَتِ الرُّومُ عَلَى عَيْنِ زِرْبَةَ، فَأَخَذَتْ مَنْ كَانَ بِهَا أَسِيرًا مِنَ الزُّطِّ مَعَ نِسَائِهِمْ وَذَرَارِيهِمْ وَدَوَابِّهِمْ. ( وَفِيهَا أَكْثَرَ مُحَمَّدٌ، صَاحِبُ الْأَنْدَلُسِ، مِنَ الرِّجَالِ بِقَلْعَةِ رَبَاحٍ وَتِلْكَ النَّوَاحِي، لِيَقِفُوا عَلَى أَهْلِ طُلَيْطِلَةَ، وَسَيَّرَ الْجُيُوشَ إِلَى غَزْوِ الْفِرِنْجِ مَعَ مُوسَى، فَدَخَلُوا بِلَادَهُمْ، وَوَصَلُوا إِلَى أُلْبَةَ وَالْقِلَاعِ، وَافْتَتَحُوا بَعْضَ حُصُونِهَا وَعَادُوا ). وَحَجَّ بِالنَّاسِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ. وَحَجَّ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، وَهُوَ وَالِي الطَّرِيقِ وَأَحْدَاثِ الْمَوْسِمِ. وَفِيهَا كَثُرَ انْقِضَاضُ النُّجُومِ ، فَكَانَتْ كَثِيرَةً لَا تُحْصَى، فَبَقِيَتْ لَيْلَةً مِنَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ إِلَى الصُّبْحِ. وَفِيهَا كَانَتْ بِالرَّيِّ زَلْزَلَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ هَدَمَتِ الْمَسَاكِنَ، وَمَاتَ تَحْتَهَا خَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ لَا يُحْصَوْنَ، وَبَقِيَتْ تَتَرَدَّدُ فِيهَا أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا. وَفِيهَا خَرَجَتْ رِيحٌ مِنْ بِلَادِ التُّرْكِ، فَقَتَلَتْ خَلْقًا كَثِيرًا، وَكَانَ يُصِيبُهُمْ بَرْدُهَا ( فَيُزْكَمُونَ )، فَبَلَغَتْ سَرْخَسَ، وَنَيْسَابُورَ، وَهَمَذَانَ، وَالرَّيَّ، فَانْتَهَتْ إِلَى حُلْوَانَ. وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ: وَقَعَ بِسَامُرَّاءَ حَرِيقٌ احْتَرَقَ فِيهِ أَلْفٌ وَثَلَاثُمِائَةِ حَانُوتٍ.
Translation
✧ Then the year 241 AH began. Mention of the rising of the people of Homs against their governor In this year, the people of Homs rose against their governor, Muḥammad b. ʿAbduwayh, and a group of the Christians of Homs aided them against him. He wrote to al-Mutawakkil about that, and he wrote to him commanding him to fight them, and reinforced him with troops from Damascus and al-Ramlah, and he overpowered them. He flogged two men of their leaders until they died, and crucified them at the gate of Homs. He sent eight men of their nobles to al-Mutawakkil, and afterwards he seized ten men of their notables and struck off their heads. Al-Mutawakkil commanded him to expel the Christians from it, to demolish their churches, and to annex the church next to the congregational mosque to the mosque, and he did that. Mention of the ransom between the Muslims and the Byzantines In it, the ransom took place between the Muslims and the Byzantines, after Theodora, queen of the Byzantines, had killed twelve thousand of the Muslim captives. She offered Christianity to the captives; whoever converted, she made him like those who had converted before him, and whoever refused, she killed him. She sent to request the ransom for those of them who remained. Al-Mutawakkil sent Shunayf the eunuch to conduct the ransom. The chief judge Jaʿfar b. ʿAbd al-Wāḥid asked to attend the ransom and to appoint a deputy over the judiciary to take his place. He was given permission, so he attended, and he appointed Ibn Abī al-Shawārib as his deputy for the judiciary, though he was a young man. The ransom took place on the river Lāmis. The Muslim captives numbered seven hundred and eighty-five men, and one hundred and twenty-five women. In it, al-Mutawakkil made the entire district of Shimshāṭ subject to the tithe, whereas it had been subject to the land tax. Mention of the raids of the Beja in Egypt In it, the Beja raided the land of Egypt. Previously they had not raided the lands of Islam because of an ancient truce, which we have mentioned earlier. In their country there are mines whose produce they share with the Muslims, and they pay the governors of Egypt about a fifth. When al-Mutawakkil's days came, they refused to pay that. The postmaster of Egypt wrote about their news, and that they had killed a number of Muslims who worked in the mines, so the Muslims fled from them fearing for their lives. Al-Mutawakkil disapproved of that and consulted about their affair. It was mentioned to him that they were desert people, owners of camels and livestock, and that reaching their country was difficult because it consisted of waterless deserts, and between the land of Islam and it was a month's journey through barren land and rugged mountains, and that any army entering it would need to carry provisions for the period it expected to remain until it came out to the land of Islam; if it exceeded that period it would perish, and the Beja would take them by force, and their land yielded nothing to a ruler. Al-Mutawakkil held back from them, so they grew greedy and their evil increased until the people of Upper Egypt feared for their lives from them. Al-Mutawakkil appointed Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Qummī to fight them, and entrusted him with the revenue of that district, namely Qufṭ, al-Aqṣur, Asnā, Armant, and Aswān, and commanded him to fight the Beja. He wrote to ʿAnbasah b. Isḥāq al-Ḍabbī, the military governor of Egypt, to remove obstacles for him and to give him what troops he needed, and he did that. Muḥammad marched to the land of the Beja, and a great multitude of those who worked in the mines and volunteers followed him, their number reaching about twenty thousand, cavalry and infantry. He sent to al-Qulzum and loaded seven ships in the sea filled with flour, oil, dates, barley, and parched barley. He ordered his men to meet him with them on the seacoast adjoining the land of the Beja. He marched until he passed the mines where gold was worked, and went to their fortresses and castles. Their king, whose name was ʿAlī Bābā, came out against him with an army many times more numerous than those with al-Qummī. The Beja were mounted on camels, swift camels resembling the mahārī. They fought for days, but ʿAlī Bābā did not engage them in full battle, so that the days would be prolonged and the provisions and fodder of the Muslims would be exhausted, and he would take them without fighting. Then those ships carrying the provisions came on the sea. Al-Qummī distributed what was in them among his men, and they took refuge in them. When ʿAlī Bābā saw that, he engaged them in full battle and gathered his forces against them. They met and fought a fierce battle. Their camels were skittish and bolted at everything. When al-Qummī saw that, he collected every bell in his army and placed them on the necks of his horses. Then they charged the Beja, and their camels bolted at the sound of the bells and carried them into the mountains and valleys. The Muslims pursued them, killing and capturing, until night overtook them. That was at the beginning of the year 241 AH. Then he returned to his camp, and he could not count the slain because of their great number. Then their king ʿAlī Bābā sought safety, and he granted him safety on condition that he return to his kingdom and lands. He paid them the tribute for the period he had withheld, which was four years. He travelled with al-Qummī to al-Mutawakkil, and left his son Baghsh as his deputy over his kingdom. When he reached al-Mutawakkil, he bestowed robes of honour on him and his companions, and adorned his camel with a fine saddle and brocade coverings. Al-Mutawakkil appointed Saʿd the eunuch al-Ītākhī over the Beja and the road of Egypt, between Egypt and Makkah. Al-Ītākhī appointed Muḥammad al-Qummī, so he returned there, and with him was ʿAlī Bābā, still adhering to his religion. He had with him an idol of stones in the shape of a boy, to which he prostrated. Mention of several events In it, the people of Sāmarrāʾ were rained upon with a heavy rain in August. ʿĪsā b. Jaʿfar was flogged with a thousand lashes It was said that in it, it was reported to al-Mutawakkil that ʿĪsā b. Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad b. ʿĀṣim, the owner of the khān of ʿĀṣim in Baghdād, reviled Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, ʿĀʾishah, and Ḥafṣah. He wrote to Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṭāhir to flog him, and when he died, to throw him into the Tigris. He did that, and he was thrown into the Tigris. In it, a murrain occurred, and beasts and cattle died. The Byzantines raided ʿAyn Zarbah In it, the Byzantines raided ʿAyn Zarbah and took as captives those of the Zuṭṭ who were there, with their women, children, and animals. In it, Muḥammad, the ruler of al-Andalus, increased the number of men at Qalʿat Rabāḥ and those districts, so that they might watch the people of Toledo. He sent armies under Mūsā to raid the Franks. They entered their country and reached Alba and the castles, and conquered some of its fortresses, and returned. The pilgrimage was led by ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Dāwūd. Jaʿfar b. Dīnār also made the pilgrimage, and he was the governor of the road and of the events of the pilgrimage season. In it, the falling of shooting stars was abundant, so many that they could not be counted. It continued one night from the last part of the evening until morning. In it, there was a severe earthquake in al-Rayy that destroyed dwellings, and countless people died beneath them. It continued to recur there for forty days. In it, a wind came from the lands of the Turks and killed many people. Its cold afflicted them, and they caught colds. It reached Sarakhs, Naysābūr, Hamadhān, and al-Rayy, and ended at Ḥulwān. In this year, a fire broke out in Sāmarrāʾ in which one thousand three hundred shops were burned.
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