Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3245
The Year 211 AH
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ 1186 - إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رُسْتُمٍ، أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْفَقِيهُ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ . سَمِعَ مِنْ مَالِكٍ، وَسُفْيَانَ، وَشُعْبَةَ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ. وَرَوَى عَنْهُ: أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، وَقَالَ يَحْيَى: هُوَ ثِقَةٌ . قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُصْعَبٌ: كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رُسْتُمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ كَرْمَانَ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ مَرْوَ، ثُمَّ سِكَّةَ الدَّبَّاغِينَ، فَاخْتَلَفَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ، وَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءَ فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ، وَأَتَاهُ ذُو الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ فَلَمْ يَتَحَرَّكْ لَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ [أَشْكَابُ] - وَكَانَ رَجُلًا مُتَكَلِّمًا: عَجَبًا لَكَ، يَأْتِيكَ وَزِيرُ الْخَلِيفَةِ فَلَا تَقُومُ لَهُ، وَتَقُومُ مِنْ أَجْلِ هَؤُلَاءِ الدَّبَّاغِينَ [عِنْدَكَ] فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أُولَئِكَ الْمُتَفَقِّهَةِ: نَحْنُ مِنْ دَبَّاغِي الدِّينِ الَّذِي رَفَعَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ رُسْتُمٍ حَتَّى جَاءَهُ وَزِيرُ الْخَلِيفَةِ، فَسَكَتَ أَشْكَابُ. تُوُفِّيَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بِنَيْسَابُورَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ عَشْرَةٍ. 1187 - إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْعَنْزِيُّ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِأَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ الشَّاعِرُ . وُلِدَ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَمِائَةٍ، أَصْلُهُ مِنْ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ، وَمَنْشَؤُهُ الْكُوفَةُ، ثُمَّ سَكَنَ بَغْدَادَ، وَكَانَ يَقُولُ فِي الْغَزَلِ وَالْمَدِيحِ وَالْهِجَاءِ، ثُمَّ تَنَسَّكَ وَصَارَ قَوْلُهُ فِي الْوَعْظِ وَالزُّهْدِ. وَأَبُو الْعَتَاهِيَةِ لَقَبٌ. قَالَ أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ: الْعَتَاهِيَةُ مِنَ التَّعَتُّهِ وَهُوَ التَّحَسُّنُ وَالتَّزَيُّنُ، قَالَ: وَقَدْ كَانَ يَتَحَسَّنُ فِي زَمَنِ شَبَابِهِ، وَمِنْ أَسْبَابِ ذَلِكَ: عَنْ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ، حَدِّثْنِي بِقِصَّتِكَ مَعَ عُتْبَةَ، فَقَالَ [لِي]: أُحَدِّثُكَ، إِنَّا قَدِمْنَا مِنَ الْكُوفَةِ ثَلَاثَةُ فِتْيَانٍ شَبَابًا أُدَبَاءَ، لَيْسَ لَنَا بِبَغْدَادَ مَنْ نَقْصِدُهُ، فَنَزَلْنَا غُرْفَةً بِالْقُرْبِ مِنَ الْجِسْرِ، وَكُنَّا نُبَكِّرُ فَنَجْلِسُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي بِبَابِ الْجِسْرِ فِي كُلِّ غَدَاةٍ، فَمَرَّتْ بِنَا يَوْمًا امْرَأَةٌ رَاكِبَةٌ مَعَهَا خَدَمٌ سُودٌ، فَقُلْنَا: مَنْ هَذِهِ؟ قَالُوا: خَالِصَةُ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُنَا: قَدْ عَشِقْتُ [خَالِصَةَ] وَعَمِلَ فِيهَا شِعْرًا. فَأَعَنَّاهُ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ لَمْ نَلْبَثْ أَنْ مَرَّتْ أُخْرَى رَاكِبَةً مَعَهَا خَدَمٌ بِيضٌ، فَقُلْنَا: مَنْ هَذِهِ؟ قَالُوا: عُتْبَةُ، فَقُلْتُ: قَدْ عَشِقْتُ عُتْبَةَ. فَلَمْ نَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ إِلَى أَنِ الْتَأَمَتْ لَنَا أَشْعَارٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فَدَفَعَ صَاحِبِي بِشِعْرِهِ إِلَى خَالِصَةَ، وَدَفَعْتُ أَنَا شِعْرِي إِلَى عُتْبَةَ، وَأَلْحَحْنَا إِلْحَاحًا شَدِيدًا فَمَرَّةً تُقْبَلُ أَشْعَارُنَا، وَمَرَّةً نُطْرَدُ، إِلَى أَنْ جَدُّوا فِي طَرْدِنَا فَجَلَسَتْ عُتْبَةُ يَوْمًا فِي أَصْحَابِ الْجَوْهَرِ، وَمَضَيْتُ فَلَبِسْتُ ثِيَابَ رَاهِبٍ، وَدَفَعْتُ ثِيَابِي إِلَى إِنْسَانٍ كَانَ مَعِي، وَسَأَلْتُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَبِيرٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ السُّوقِ، فَدُلِلْتُ عَلَى شَيْخٍ صَائِغٍ، فَجِئْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي رَغِبْتُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ عَلَى يَدِ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ. فَقَامَ مَعِي وَجَمَعَ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَهْلِ السُّوقِ وَجَاءَهَا، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَاقَ لَكِ أَجْرًا، هَذَا رَاهِبٌ قَدْ رَغِبَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ عَلَى يَدَيْكِ، قَالَتْ: هَاتُوهُ، فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهَا، فَقُلْتُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَقَطَعْتُ الزُّنَّارَ، وَدَنَوْتُ فَقَبَّلْتُ يَدَهَا، فَلَمَّا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ رَفَعَتِ الْبِرِنْسَ فَعَرَفَتْنِي، فَقَالَتْ: نَحُّوُهُ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ، فَقَالُوا: لَا تَلْعَنِيهِ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمَ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّمَا فَعَلْتُ لِقَذَرِهِ، فَعَرَضُوا عَلَيَّ كُسْوَةً، فَقُلْتُ: لَيْسَ بِي حَاجَةٌ [هَذِهِ] وَإِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَشَرَّفَ بِوَلَائِهَا وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي مَنَّ عَلَيَّ بِحُضُورِكُمْ. وَجَلَسْتُ فَجَعَلُوا يَعْلَمُونَنِي الْحَمْدَ، وَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُمُ الْعَصْرَ، وَأَنَا فِي ذَلِكَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا لَا تَقْدِرُ لِي عَلَى حِيلَةٍ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفْتُ لَقِيَتْ خَالِصَةَ فَشَكَتْ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ: لَيْسَ يَخْلُو هَذَانَ مِنْ أَنْ يَكُونَا عَاشِقَيْنِ أَوْ مُسْتَأْكِلَيْنِ، فَصَحَّ عَزْمُهُمَا عَلَى امْتِحَانِنَا بِمَالٍ عَلَى أَنْ نَدَعَ التَّعَرُّضَ لَهُمَا، فَإِنْ قَبِلْنَا الْمَالَ فَنَحْنُ مُسْتَأْكِلَانِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ نَقْبَلْهُ فَنَحْنُ عَاشِقَانِ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ مَرَّتْ خَالِصَةُ، فَعَرَضَ لَهَا صَاحِبُهَا، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْخَدَمُ: اتَّبِعْنَا فَتَبِعَهُمْ، ثُمَّ مَرَّتْ عُتْبَةُ فَقَالَ لِي الْخَدَمُ: اتَّبِعْنَا فَتَبِعْتُهُمْ، فَمَضَتْ بِي إِلَى مَنْزِلِ خَلِيطِ بَزَّازٍ، فَلَمَّا جَلَسْتُ، دَعَتْ بِي، فَقَالَتْ [لِي]: يَا هَذَا، إِنَّكَ شَابٌّ وَأَرَى لَكَ أَدَبًا وَأَنَا حُرْمَةُ خَلِيفَةٍ [وَقَدْ تَأَنَّيْتُكَ] فَإِنْ أَنْتَ كَفَفْتَ وَإِلَّا أَنْهَيْتُ أَمْرَكَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، ثُمَّ لَمْ آمَنْ عَلَيْكَ، قُلْتُ: فَافْعَلِي بِأَبِي أَنْتِ وَأُمِّي [فَإِنَّكِ] إِنْ سَفَكْتِ دَمِي أَرَحْتِنِي، فَأَسْأَلُكِ بِاللَّهِ إِلَّا فَعَلْتِ ذَلِكَ، إِذْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِي فِيكِ نَصِيبٌ، فَأَمَّا الْحَبْسُ وَالْحَيَاةُ وَلَا أَرَاكِ، فَأَنْتِ فِي حَرَجٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَتْ: لَا تَفْعَلْ يَا هَذَا وَأَبْقِ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ، وَخُذْ هَذِهِ الْخَمْسَ مِائَةِ دِينَارٍ وَاخْرُجْ مِنْ هَذَا الْبَلَدِ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعْتُ ذِكْرَ الْمَالِ وَلَّيْتُ هَارِبًا، فَقَالَتْ: رُدُّوهُ، فَلَمْ تَزَلْ تَزِدْنِي فَقُلْتُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكِ، مَا أَصْنَعُ بِعَرَضٍ [مِنْ] الدُّنْيَا و [أَنَا] لَا أَرَاكِ، وَإِنَّكَ لَتُبْطِئِينَ يَوْمًا وَاحِدًا عَنِ الرُّكُوبِ فَتَضِيقُ بِي الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ. وَهِيَ تَأْبَى إِلَّا ذِكْرَ الْمَالِ، حَتَّى جَعَلَتْ [لِي] أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، فَأَبَيْتُ وَجَاذَبَتْهَا مُجَاذَبَةً شَدِيدَةً، وَقُلْتُ: لَوْ أَعْطِيتِينِي جَمِيعَ مَا يَحْوِيهِ الْخَلِيفَةُ مَا كَانَتْ لِي فِيهِ حَاجَةٌ، وَأَنَا لَا أَرَاكِ [وَأَقْنَعُ بِالْفَقْدِ] بَعْدَ أَنْ أَجِدَ السَّبِيلَ إِلَى رُؤْيَتِكِ. وَخَرَجْتُ فَجِئْتُ الْغُرْفَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا نَنْزِلُهَا، فَإِذَا صَاحِبِي مُوَرَّمُ الْأُذُنَيْنِ، وَقَدِ امْتُحِنَ بِمِثْلِ مَا امْتُحِنْتُ، فَلَمَّا مَدَّ يَدَهُ إِلَى الْمَالِ صَفَعُوهُ، وَحَلَفَتْ خَالِصَةُ لَئِنْ رَأَتْهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ لِتُودِعَنَّهُ الْحَبْسَ. فَاسْتَشَارَنِي فِي الْمُقَامِ، فَقُلْتُ: اخْرُجْ وَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَقْدِرَ عَلَيْكَ، ثُمَّ الْتَقَتَا فَأَخْبَرَتْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ صَاحِبَتَهَا الْخَبَرَ، وَأَحْمَدَتْنِي عُتْبَةُ، وَصَحَّ عِنْدَهَا أَنِّي مُحِبٌّ مُحِقٌّ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ أَيَّامٍ دَعَتْنِي عُتْبَةُ وَقَالَتْ: بِحَيَاتِي عَلَيْكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ تُعِزُّهَا إِلَّا أَخَذْتَ مَا يُعْطِيكَ الْخَادِمُ، فَأَصْلِحْ بِهِ شَأْنَكَ فَقَدْ غَمَّنِي سُوءُ حَالِكَ، فَامْتَنَعْتُ، فَقَالَتْ: لَيْسَ هَذَا مِمَّا تَظُنُّ، وَلَكِنِّي لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَرَاكَ فِي هَذَا الزِّيِّ، فَقُلْتُ: لَوْ أَمْكَنَنِي أَنْ تَرَيْنِي فِي زِيِّ الْمَهْدِيِّ لَفَعَلْتُ ذَاكَ، فَأَقْسَمَتْ عَلَيَّ، فَأَخَذْتُ الصُّرَّةَ، فَإِذَا فِيهَا ثَلَاثُمِائَةِ دِينَارٍ فَاكْتَسَيْتُ كُسْوَةً حَسَنَةً، وَاشْتَرَيْتُ حِمَارًا. قَالَ أَشْجَعُ السُّلَمِيُّ: أَذِنَ لَنَا الْمَهْدِيُّ وَلِلشُّعَرَاءِ فِي الدُّخُولِ عَلَيْهِ، فَدَخَلْنَا، فَأَمَرَنَا بِالْجُلُوسِ، فَاتَّفَقَ أَنْ جَلَسَ إِلَى جَنْبِي بِشَّارٌ، فَسَمِعَ حِسًّا، فَقَالَ: يَا أَشْجَعُ، مَنْ هَذَا؟ فَقُلْتُ: أَبُو الْعَتَاهِيَةِ، فَقَالَ لِي: أَتَرَاهُ يُنْشِدُ فِي هَذَا الْمَحْفِلِ؟ فَقُلْتُ: أَحْسَبُهُ سَيَفْعَلُ، فَأَمَرَهُ الْمَهْدِيُّ أَنْ يُنْشِدَ، فَأَنْشَدَهُ: أَلَا مَا لِسَيِّدَتِي مَا لَهَا قَالَ: فَنَخَسَنِي بِمِرْفَقِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: وَيْحَكَ، رَأَيْتَ أَجْسَرَ مِنْ هَذَا يُنْشِدُ مِثْلَ هَذَا الشِّعْرِ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: أَتَتْهُ الْخِلَافَةُ مُنْقَادَةٌ إِلَيْهِ تُجَرِّرُ أَذْيَالَهَا فَلَمْ تَكُ تَصْلُحُ إِلَّا لَهُ وَلَمْ يَكُ يَصْلُحُ إِلَّا لَهَا وَلَوْ رَامَهَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُ لَزُلْزِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ زِلْزَالهَا وَلَوْ لَمْ تُطِعْهُ بَنَاتُ النُّفُوسِ لَمَا قَبِلَ اللَّهُ أَعْمَالَهَا فَقَالَ بَشَّارٌ: [انْظُرْ] وَيْحَكَ يَا أَشْجَعُ، انْظُرْ هَلْ طَارَ الْخَلِيفَةُ عَنْ فِرَاشِهِ، قَالَ: لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا انْصَرَفَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ بِجَائِزَةٍ غَيْرُ أَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ. قَالَ الْعُتْبِيُّ: رَأَيْتُ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ وَاقِفًا بِبَابِ الْجِسْرِ، كَئِيبًا حَزِينًا آسِفًا يَنْكُتُ بِسَوْطِهِ فِي مَعْرِفَةِ دَابَّتِهِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا السِّمْطِ، مَا الَّذِي نَرَاهُ بِكَ؟ قَالَ: أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِالْعَجَبِ، مَدْحَتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَوَصَفْتُ لَهُ نَاقَتِي مِنْ خِطَامِهَا إِلَى خُفَّيْهَا و [وَصَفْتُ] الْفَيَافِي مِنَ الْيَمَامَةِ إِلَى بَابِهِ أَرْضًا أَرْضًا، وَرَمَلَةً رَمَلَةً، حَتَّى [إِذَا] أَشْفَيْتُ مِنْهُ عَلَى غِنَى النَّفْسِ وَالدَّهْرِ جَاءَ ابْنُ بَيَّاعَةِ الْعَجَاجِيرِ – يَعْنِي أَبَا الْعَتَاهِيَةِ - فَأَنْشَدَهُ بَيْتَيْنِ فَضَعْضَعَ بِهِمَا شِعْرِي، وَسَوَّاهُ بِي فِي الْجَائِزَةِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: وَمَا الْبَيْتَانِ؟ فَأَنْشَدَ: إِنَّ الْمَطَايَا تَشْتَكِيكَ لِأَنَّهَا قَطَعَتْ إِلَيْكَ سَبَاسِبًا وَرِمَالَا فَإِذَا رَحَلْنَ بِنَا رَحَلْنَ بِخِفَّةٍ وَإِذَا رَجَعْنَ بِنَا رَجَعْنَ ثِقَالَا قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْمُنَادِي: أَنْشَدَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ لِأَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ: كَمْ يَكُونُ الشِّتَاءُ ثُمَّ الْمَصِيفُ وَرَبِيعٌ يَمْضِي وَيَأْتِي خَرِيفُ وَانْتِقَالٌ مِنَ الْحَرُورِ إِلَى الظِّلِّ وَسَيْفُ الرَّدَى عَلَيْكَ مُنِيفُ يَا قَلِيلَ الْبَقَاءِ فِي هَذِهِ الدَّارِ إِلَى كَمْ يَغُرُّكَ التَّسْوِيفُ عَجَبًا لِامْرِئٍ يَذِلُّ لِذِي دُنْيَا وَيَكْفِيهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ رَغِيفُ قَالَ الرَّشِيدُ لِأَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ: النَّاسُ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّكَ زِنْدِيقٌ، قَالَ: يَا سَيِّدِي، كَيْفَ أَكُونُ زِنْدِيقًا، وَأَنَا الَّذِي أَقُولُ: أَيَا عَجَبًا كَيْفَ يُعْصَى الْإِلَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَجْحَدُهُ الْجَاحِدُ وَلِلَّهِ فِي كُلِّ تَحْرِيكَةٍ وَفِي كُلِّ تَسْكِينَةٍ شَاهِدُ وَفِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ لَهُ آيَةٌ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ وَاحِدُ قَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ الْغَنَوِيُّ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ: مَا الَّذِي صَرَفَكَ عَنْ قَوْلِ الْغَزْلِ إِلَى قَوْلِ الزُّهْدِ؟ قَالَ: إِذًا وَاللَّهِ أُخْبِرُكَ، إِنِّي لَمَّا قُلْتُ: اللَّهُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ مَوْلَاتِي أَهَدَتْ لِي الصَّدَّ وَالْمَلَامَاتِ مَنْحْتُهَا مُهْجَتِي وَخَالِصَتِي فَكَانَ هِجْرَانُهَا مُكَافَاتِي هَيَّمَنِي حُبُّهَا وَصَيَّرَنِي أُحْدُوثَةً فِي جَمِيعِ جَارَاتِي رَأَيْتُ فِي الْمَنَامِ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ كَأَنَّ آتِيًا أَتَانِي فَقَالَ: مَا أَصَبْتَ أَحَدًا تُدْخِلُهُ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ عُتْبَةَ يَحْكُمُ لَكَ عَلَيْهَا بِالْمَعْصِيَةِ إِلَّا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. فَانْتَبَهْتُ مَذْعُورًا وَتُبْتُ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ سَاعَتِي مِنْ قَوْلِ الْغَزْلِ . قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ: أَنْشَدَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَرْزُوقٍ لِأَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ وَهُوَ يَكِيدُ بِنَفْسِهِ: يَا نَفْسُ قَدْ مَثَّلْتِ حَالِي هَذِهِ لَكِ مُنْذُ حِينِ وَشَكَكْتُ أَنِّي نَاصِحٌ لَكِ فَاسْتَمَلْتِ عَلَى الظُّنُونِ فَتَأَمَّلِي ضَعْفَ الْحِرَاكِ وَكُلُّهُ بَعْدَ السُّكُونِ وَتَيَقَّنِي أَنَّ الَّذِي بِكِ مِنْ عَلَامَاتِ الْمَنُونِ تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو الْعَتَاهِيَةِ فِي جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بِبَغْدَادَ. وَقِيلَ: فِي سَنَةِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ، وَقَبْرُهُ عَلَى نَهْرِ عِيسَى قُبَالَةَ قَنْطَرَةِ الزَّيَّاتِينَ. قَالَ [إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ] إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبَغَوِيُّ: قَرَأَتْ عَلَى قَبْرِ أَبِي الْعَتَاهِيَةِ: ادْنِ حَتَّى تَسْمَعِي اسْمَعِي ثُمَّ عِي وَعِي أَنَا رَهْنٌ بِمَضْجَعِي فَاحْذَرِي مِثْلَ مَصْرَعِي عِشْتُ تِسْعِينَ حِجَّةً ثُمَّ فَارَقْتُ مَجْمَعِي لَيْسَ زَادٌ سِوَى التُّقَى فَخْذِي مِنْهُ أَوْ دَعِي. 1188 - أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ. [وَزِيرُ الْمَأْمُونِ ] وَكَانَ ذَا رَأْيٍ وَفِطْنَةٍ ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَخْلَاقٌ وَفَظَاظَةٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ: وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أُعْطِيتَ مَا لَمْ يُعْطَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ تُخَرِّجْ مِمَّا قُلْتَ لِأُعَاقِبُنَّكَ، فَقَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِنَبِيِّهِ ﷺ َوَلَوْ كُنْتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ الْقَلْبِ لانْفَضُّوا مِنْ حَوْلِكَ وَأَنْتَ فَظٌّ غَلِيظُ الْقَلْبِ، وَلَا يَنْفُضُونَ مِنْ حَوْلِكَ. وَرَوَى إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَكْتُبُ لِأَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمًا فَرَأَيْتُهُ مُطْرِقًا مُفَكِّرًا مَغْمُومًا، فَسَأَلَتْهُ عَنْ خَبَرِهِ، فَأَخْرَجَ إِلَيَّ رُقْعَةً، فَإِذَا فِيهَا أَنَّ حَظِيَّةَ مِنْ أَعَزِّ جَوَارِيهِ عَلَيْهِ، [كَانَ] يَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيْهَا غَيْرُهُ، وَيَسْتَشْهِدُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ خَادِمَيْنِ كَانَا ثِقَتَيْنِ عِنْدِهِ، قَالَ لِي: فَدَعَوْتُ الْخَادِمَيْنِ وَسَأَلْتُهُمَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَأَنْكَرَاهُ، فَتَهَدَّدْتُهُمَا فَأَقَامَا عَلَى الْإِنْكَارِ فَضَرَبْتُهُمَا، فَاعْتَرَفَا عَلَى الْجَارِيَةِ بِكُلِّ مَا كَانَ فِي الرُّقْعَةِ وَإِنِّي لَمْ أَذُقْ أَمْسِ وَلَا الْيَوْمَ شَيْئًا، وَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ بِقَتْلِ الْجَارِيَةِ. قَالَ: فَوَجَدْتُ مُصْحَفًا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَفَتَحْتُهُ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَا وَقَعَتْ عَيْنِي عَلَيْهِ: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ جَاءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَإٍ فَتَبَيَّنُوا أَنْ تُصِيبُوا قَوْمًا بِجَهَالَةٍ [فَتُصْبِحُوا عَلَى مَا فَعَلْتُمْ نَادِمِينَ ] الْآيَةَ. قَالَ: فَشَكَكْتُ أَنَا فِي صِحَّةِ الْحَدِيثِ، وَأَرَيْتُهُ مَا خَرَجَ بِهِ الْفَأْلُ، وَقُلْتُ لَهُ: دَعْنِي أَتَلَطَّفُ فِي كَشْفِ هَذَا. فَقَالَ: افْعَلْ، فَخَلَوْتُ بِأَحَدِ الْخَادِمَيْنِ وَرَفُقْتُ بِهِ وَبَاحَثْتُهُ عَنِ الْأَمْرِ، فَقَالَ: النَّارُ وَلَا الْعَارُ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ امْرَأَةَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ وَجَّهَتْ إِلَيْهِ بِكِيسٍ فِيهِ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ وَسَأَلْتُهُ الشَّهَادَةَ عَلَى الْجَارِيَةِ وَأَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ لَا يُذْكُرَ شَيْئًا إِلَّا بَعْدَ أَنْ يُوقَعَ بِهِ الْمَكْرُوهَ لِئَلَّا يُرْتَابَ بِهِ، وَيَكُونَ أَثْبَتَ لِلْخَبَرِ، وَأَحْضَرَ الْكِيسَ مَخْتُومًا بِخَاتَمِ الْمَرْأَةِ، وَدَعَوْتُ الْآخَرَ فَاعْتَرَفَ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ، وَأَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ لَا يَذْكُرَ شَيْئًا، فَأَكْتُبُ إِلَى أَحْمَدَ بِالْبَيَانِ، فَمَا وَصَلَ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى وَرَدَتْ عَلَيْهِ رُقْعَةُ الْحُرَّةِ تُعْلِمُهُ أَنَّ الرُّقْعَةَ الْأُولَى مِنْ فِعْلِهَا كَانَتْ غَيْرَةً عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْجَارِيَةِ، وَأَنَّ جَمِيعَ مَا فِيهَا بَاطِلٌ، وَأَنَّهَا حَمَلَتِ الْخَادِمَيْنِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَأَنَّهَا تَائِبَةٌ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ، فَجَاءَتْهُ بَرَاءَةُ الْجَارِيَةِ مِنْ كُلِّ جِهَةٍ، فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ وَزَالَ مَا كَانَ بِهِ، وَأَحْسَنَ إِلَى الْجَارِيَةِ. قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصُّولِيُّ: مَاتَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ وَزِيرُ الْمَأْمُونِ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ لِعَشْرٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ الْمَأْمُونُ، فَلَمَّا دُلِّيَ فِي قَبْرِهِ تَرَحَّمَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: كُنْتُ وَاللَّهِ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّاعِرُ: أَخُو الْجَدِّ إِنْ جَدَّ الرِّجَالُ وَشَمَّرُوا وَذُو بَاطِلٍ إِنْ كَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ بَاطِلُ 1189 - رُوَيْمُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْمُقْرِئُ، مَوْلَى الْعَوَّامِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ. [كَانَ يَسْكُنُ نَهْرَ الْقَلَايِينَ، وَلَهُ هُنَاكَ مَسْجِدٌ مَعْرُوفٌ بِهِ] كَانَ يُقْرِئُ فِيهِ، حَدَّثَ عَنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، رَوَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ كَاتِبِ الْوَاقِدِيِّ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً . تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1190 - زِيَادُ بْنُ يُونُسَ [بْنِ سَعِيدِ] بْنِ سَلَامَةَ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ الْإِسْكَنْدَرَانِيُّ، يُكَنَّى أَبَا سَلَامَةَ. رَوَى عَنْ مَالِكٍ، وَاللَّيْثِ، وَابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ، وَقَرَأَ عَلَى نَافِعٍ، وَكَانَ طَالِبًا لِلْعِلْمِ، وَكَانَ يُسَمَّى سُوسَةَ الْعِلْمِ، وَهُوَ أَحَدٌ الْأَثْبَاتِ الثِّقَاتِ . تُوُفِّيَ بِمِصْرَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1191 - عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ صَالِحِ [بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ] الْعِجْلِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ الْمُقْرِئُ . وُلِدَ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةٍ وَقَرَأَ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ الزَّيَّاتِ ، وَسَمِعَ فُضَيْلَ بْنَ مَرْزُوقٍ، وَنَصْرَ بْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ. وَثَّقَهُ يَحْيَى، وَأَخْرَجَ عَنْهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ ، وَكَانَ قَاضِيًا بِنَاحِيَةِ شِيرَازَ. تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَلَهُ سِتٌّ وَسَبْعُونَ سَنَةً. 1192 - عَلِيُّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقَدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ. كَانَ وَاقِدٌ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ كُرَيْزٍ، سَمِعَ عَلَيَّ أَبَاهُ وَأَبَا حَمْزَةَ السُّكَّرِيَّ. وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. 1193 - مُوسَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ [أَبُو سُلَيْمَانَ] الْجُوزْجَانِيُّ. سَمِعَ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، وَأَبَا يُوسُفَ، وَمُحَمَّدًا. وَكَانَ فَقِيهًا بَصِيرًا بِالرَّأْيِ، يَذْهَبُ مَذْهَبَ أَهْلِ السُّنَّةِ [فِي الْقُرْآنِ]، وَكَانَ نِعْمَ الرَّجُلِ، قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ الرَّازِيُّ: كَانَ صَدُوقًا. قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: أَحْضَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ مُوسَى بْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ وَمُعَلَّى الرَّازِيَّ، فَبَدَأَ بِأَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ لِسَنِّهِ وَشُهْرَتِهِ بِالْوَرَعِ، فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءَ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، احْفَظْ حُقُوقَ اللَّهِ فِي الْقَضَاءِ وَلَا تُوَلِّ عَلَى أَمَانَتِكَ مِثْلِي، فَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ غَيْرُ مَأْمُونِ الْغَضَبِ، وَلَا أَرْضَى نَفْسِي لِلَّهِ أَنْ أَحْكُمَ فِي عِبَادِهِ. قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ وَقَدْ أَعْفَيْنَاكَ. 1194 - مُعَلَّى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، أَبُو يُعْلَى الرَّازِيُّ. حَدَّثَ عَنْ مَالِكِ، وَاللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، وَشَرِيكٍ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ، رَوَى عَنْهُ ابْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ. وَكَانَ ثِقَةً فَقِيهًا ، أَخَذَ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ الْقَاضِي، طَلَبُوهُ لِلْقَضَاءِ مِرَارًا فَأَبَى. قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: أَحْضَرَ الْمَأْمُونُ مُوسَى بْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ وَمُعَلَّى الرَّازِيَّ فَعَرَضَ عَلَى مُوسَى الْقَضَاءَ فَامْتَنَعَ، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى مُعَلَّى فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: لَا أَصْلُحُ، قَالَ: وَلِمَ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي رَجُلٌ أَدَّايَنُ، فَأَبَيْتُ مَطْلُوبًا وَطَالِبًا. قَالَ: نَأْمُرُ بِقَضَاءِ دَيْنِكَ وَتَتَقَاضَى دُيُونَكَ، فَمَنْ أَعْطَاكَ قَبِلْنَا مِنْهُ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُعْطِكَ عَوَّضْنَاكَ [مَا لَكَ عَلَيْهِ] قَالَ: فَفِي شُكُوكٍ [فِي] الْحُكْمِ، وَفِي ذَلِكَ تَلَفُ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ، قَالَ: يَحْضُرُ مَجْلِسَكَ أَهْلُ الدِّينِ إِخْوَانُكَ، فَمَا شَكَكْتَ فِيهِ سَأَلْتَهُمْ عَنْهُ، وَمَا صَحَّ عِنْدَكَ أَمْضَيْتَهُ. قَالَ: يَا سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ، أَنَا أَرْتَادُ رَجُلًا أُوصِيَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً مَا أَجِدُ [مِنْ أُوصِي إِلَيْهِ] فَمِنْ أَيْنَ أَجِدُ مَنْ يُعِينُنِي عَلَى حُقُوقِ اللَّهِ الْوَاجِبَةِ حَتَّى آتَمِنَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَأَعْفَاهُ. قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنَ مَعِينٍ: كَانَ الْمُعَلَّى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الرَّازِيُّ يَوْمًا يُصَلِّي فَوَقَعَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ كَوْرِ الزَّنَابِيرِ، فَمَا الْتَفَتَ وَلَا أَنْفَتَلَ حَتَّى أَتَمَّ صِلَاتَهُ، فَنَظَرُوا فَإِذَا رَأَسَهُ قَدْ صَارَ هَكَذَا مِنْ شِدَّةِ الِانْتِفَاخِ. تُوُفِّيَ مُعَلَّى فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ وَكَانَ يَنْزِلَ الْكَرْخَ فِي قَطِيعَةِ الرَّبِيعِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the notables who died in this year 1186 - Ibrāhīm b. Rustum, Abū Bakr al-Faqīh al-Marwazī. He heard from Mālik, Sufyān, Shuʿbah, and others. Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal narrated from him, and Yaḥyā said: He is trustworthy. Al-ʿAbbās b. Muṣʿab said: Ibrāhīm b. Rustum was from the people of Kirmān, then he settled in Marw, then in the tanners' street. People came to him, and he was offered the judgeship but did not accept it. Dhū al-Riʾāsatayn came to him and he did not move for him. So [Ashkāb] – and he was a theologian – said to him: I am amazed at you; the caliph's vizier comes to you and you do not rise for him, yet you rise because of these tanners [near you]. A man from among those students of jurisprudence said: We are tanners of the religion by which Ibrāhīm b. Rustum was raised until the caliph's vizier came to him. And Ashkāb fell silent. Ibrāhīm died in Naysābūr in this year, and it is said: in the year 210. 1187 - Ismāʿīl b. al-Qāsim b. Suwayd b. Kaysān, Abū Isḥāq al-ʿAnzī, known as Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah, the poet. He was born in the year 130. His origin was from ʿAyn al-Tamr, and he grew up in al-Kūfah, then he resided in Baghdād. He used to compose love poetry, panegyric, and satire, then he became devout and turned to composing preaching and ascetic poetry. Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah is a nickname. Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā b. ʿAlī al-Zubayrī said: al-ʿAtāhiyah comes from al-taʿattuh, which is beautification and adornment. He said: He used to beautify himself in his youth. Among the reasons for that: From Abū Shuʿayb Aḥmad b. Yazīd, who said: I said to Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah, "Tell me your story with ʿUtbah." He said to me: I will tell you. We came from al-Kūfah, three young men, educated, with no one in Baghdād to visit. We lodged in an upper room near the bridge. Every morning we would go early and sit in the mosque by the bridge gate. One day a woman passed by us on a mount, with black servants. We asked, "Who is this?" They said, "Khāliṣah." One of us said, "I have fallen in love with [Khāliṣah]," and he composed poetry about her, and we helped him with it. Before long, another woman passed on a mount, with white servants. We asked, "Who is this?" They said, "ʿUtbah." I said, "I have fallen in love with ʿUtbah." We continued like that every day until we had collected many poems. My companion delivered his poetry to Khāliṣah, and I delivered my poetry to ʿUtbah. We persisted greatly; sometimes our poems were accepted, and sometimes we were driven away, until they became serious about driving us away. One day ʿUtbah sat among the jewelers. I went and put on the clothes of a monk, gave my clothes to a person who was with me, and asked about a prominent man in the market. I was directed to an old goldsmith. I came to him and said, "I desire to embrace Islam at the hands of this woman." He rose with me, gathered a group of market people, and went to her. He said, "God has brought you a reward. This is a monk who desires to embrace Islam at your hands." She said, "Bring him." I approached her and said, "I bear witness that there is no god but God and that Muḥammad is His servant and Messenger," and I cut off the zunnār. I came close and kissed her hand. When I did that, she lifted the veil and recognized me. She said, "Remove him, may God curse him." They said, "Do not curse him, for he has embraced Islam." She said, "I did that only because of his filth." They offered me clothing, but I said, "I have no need [of this]; I only wanted to be honored by her patronage. Praise be to God who has blessed me with your presence." I sat down, and they began teaching me the ḥamd, and I prayed the afternoon prayer with them. All the while I was before her, looking at her, and she could find no way against me. When I left, she met Khāliṣah and complained to her. Khāliṣah said, "These two must be either lovers or fortune seekers." They resolved to test us with money, on condition that we stop pursuing them. If we accepted the money, we were fortune seekers; if we refused it, we were lovers. The next day Khāliṣah passed by, and her companion approached her. The servants said to him, "Follow us," and he followed them. Then ʿUtbah passed, and the servants said to me, "Follow us," and I followed them. She took me to the house of an associate, a cloth merchant. When I sat down, she summoned me and said to me: "Young man, I see you have refinement, and I am the concubine of a caliph. I have been patient with you. If you desist, fine; otherwise I will report your affair to the Commander of the Faithful, and then I will not guarantee your safety." I said, "Do it, by my father and mother. If you shed my blood, you will give me rest. I ask you by God, do so, since I have no share in you. As for imprisonment and life without seeing you, you would be in sin for that." She said, "Do not do that, young man; spare yourself. Take these five hundred dinars and leave this city." When I heard the mention of money, I turned and fled. She said, "Bring him back." She kept increasing the offer, and I said, "May I be your ransom, what would I do with worldly goods when I cannot see you? If you delay riding for a single day, the earth, vast as it is, becomes narrow for me." She insisted on mentioning money until she offered [me] a thousand dinars, but I refused. We argued intensely, and I said, "Even if you gave me all that the caliph possesses, I would have no need of it if I cannot see you [and I would be content with loss] after having found a way to see you." I left and went to the upper room where we lodged. There was my companion, his ears swollen; he had been tested as I was. When he reached for the money, they slapped him, and Khāliṣah swore that if she saw him after that day, she would have him imprisoned. He consulted me about staying, and I said, "Leave, and beware lest they get hold of you." Then the two women met, and each told the other what happened. ʿUtbah praised me, and it became clear to her that I was a sincere lover. A few days later, ʿUtbah summoned me and said, "By my life, if you hold it dear, do not refuse what the servant gives you. Use it to improve your condition, for your poor state grieves me." I refused, and she said, "This is not what you think; I simply do not like to see you in this appearance." I said, "If I could make you see me in the attire of al-Mahdī, I would do so." She made me swear, so I took the purse, and found in it three hundred dinars. I bought fine clothes and a donkey. Ashjaʿ al-Sulamī said: Al-Mahdī gave us and the poets permission to enter his presence. We entered, and he ordered us to sit. It happened that Bashshār sat beside me. He heard a movement and said, "Ashjaʿ, who is this?" I said, "Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah." He said to me, "Do you think he will recite in this gathering?" I said, "I think he will." Al-Mahdī ordered him to recite, and he recited: Alā mā li-sayyidatī mā lahā He said: He nudged me with his elbow and said, "Woe to you! Have you seen anyone bolder than this, reciting such poetry in such a place?" until he reached his saying: The caliphate came to him, led by its reins, dragging its trains; It was not fit except for him, Nor was he fit except for it. Had anyone else sought it, The earth would have shaken with its earthquakes. And had the daughters of souls not obeyed him, God would not have accepted their deeds. Bashshār said: "Look, woe to you, Ashjaʿ, see whether the caliph has flown from his couch." He said: No, by God, no one left that assembly with a reward except Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah. Al-ʿUtbī said: I saw Marwān b. Abī Ḥafṣah standing at the bridge gate, gloomy, sad, and regretful, striking with his whip at the forelock of his mount. Someone said to him, "Abū al-Simṭ, what is the matter with you?" He said, "I will tell you something astonishing. I praised the Commander of the Faithful and described my she-camel from her halter to her hoofs, and described the deserts from al-Yamāmah to his gate, land by land and sand dune by sand dune, until I was on the verge of gaining sufficiency for life and fortune. Then the son of the seller of vegetables – meaning Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah – came and recited two verses to him, which demolished my poetry, yet he was made equal to me in reward." He was asked, "What are the two verses?" He recited: Verily the mounts complain of you, because they Have traversed to you deserts and sands. When they depart with us, they depart lightly, And when they return with us, they return heavy. Abū al-Ḥasan b. al-Munādī said: Abū Bakr Yūsuf b. Yaʿqūb recited to me by Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah: How often winter comes, then summer, And spring passes, and autumn arrives, And movement from heat to shade, While the sword of death looms over you. O you of little stay in this abode, How long will procrastination deceive you? It is a wonder that a man humbles himself before one who possesses worldly goods, When a loaf of bread suffices him each day. Al-Rashīd said to Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah: People claim that you are a heretic. He said: My lord, how can I be a heretic when I am the one who says: How wonderful it is that God is disobeyed, Or how can the denier deny Him? For God, in every movement And in every stillness, there is a witness. And in everything there is a sign for Him, Indicating that He is One. Abū Salamah al-Ghanawī said: I said to Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah, "What turned you from love poetry to ascetic poetry?" He said: By God, I will tell you. When I said: God is between me and my mistress; She gave me aversion and reproaches. I granted her my heart's blood and my purest devotion, And her abandonment was my reward. Her love made me distraught and turned me Into a byword among all my female neighbors. I saw in a dream that night as if someone came to me and said: "You have found no one to place between you and ʿUtbah to judge against her in disobedience except God Almighty." I woke up terrified and repented to God Almighty at that very hour from composing love poetry. Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. al-Barāʾ said: Aḥmad b. ʿAlī b. Marzūq recited to me by Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah while he was on his deathbed: O soul, you have portrayed my condition; This has been yours for a while. I doubted whether I was a sincere adviser to you, So you inclined toward suspicions. Reflect on the weakness of movement, And all of it is followed by stillness. And be certain that what you have Is among the signs of death. Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah died in Jumādā al-Ākhirah of this year in Baghdād. It is also said: in the year 213. His grave is on the Nahr ʿĪsā, opposite the Zayyātīn Bridge. [Isḥāq b.] Ibrāhīm al-Baghawī said: I read on the grave of Abū al-ʿAtāhiyah: Come near until you hear; Listen, then understand and comprehend. I am a pledge in my resting place, So beware of a fall like mine. I lived ninety years, Then I departed from my assembly. There is no provision but piety, So take from it or leave it. 1188 - Aḥmad b. Abī Khālid, Abū al-ʿAbbās. [He was al-Maʾmūn's vizier] and a man of sound judgment and intelligence, but he had rough manners and harshness. A man said to him: By God, you have been given what the Messenger of God ﷺ was not given. He said: By God, if you do not explain what you said, I will punish you. He said: God Almighty said to His Prophet ﷺ: "And had you been harsh and hard-hearted, they would have dispersed from around you." Yet you are harsh and hard-hearted, and they do not disperse from around you. Ibrāhīm b. al-ʿAbbās narrated, saying: I was a scribe for Aḥmad b. Abī Khālid. One day I entered his presence and saw him downcast, thoughtful, and distressed. I asked him about his situation. He brought out a note to me, and in it was written that a favorite slave-girl, one of the dearest of his concubines, [was] visited by another man, and two servants whom he considered trustworthy testified to that. He said to me: I summoned the two servants and questioned them about it, but they denied it. I threatened them, yet they persisted in denial. I beat them, and they confessed against the slave-girl to everything in the note. I have tasted nothing yesterday or today, and I have resolved to kill the slave-girl. He said: I found a copy of the Qur'an before him, opened it, and the first thing my eye fell upon was: "O you who believe, if a wicked person comes to you with news, verify it, lest you harm a people in ignorance [and become regretful over what you have done]" – the verse. He said: I myself doubted the truth of the report. I showed him what the omen had brought forth and said to him: Let me investigate this matter with tact. He said: Do so. I took one of the two servants aside and was gentle with him, and I questioned him about the matter. He said: Fire rather than disgrace. He mentioned that the wife of Aḥmad b. Abī Khālid had sent him a purse containing a thousand dinars and asked him to testify against the slave-girl, instructing him not to mention anything until harm had been inflicted on him so that suspicion would not fall on him and the report would be more firmly established. He produced the purse sealed with the woman's seal. I summoned the other servant, and he confessed to the same. I ordered him not to mention anything, and I wrote to Aḥmad explaining the matter. No sooner had it reached him than a note from the free woman arrived, informing him that the first note was her doing, out of jealousy over the slave-girl, that everything in it was false, that she had induced the two servants to do that, and that she repented to God for this deed. Thus the innocence of the slave-girl came to him from every side. He rejoiced at that, his distress left him, and he treated the slave-girl generously. Abū Bakr al-Ṣūlī said: Aḥmad b. Abī Khālid, al-Maʾmūn's vizier, died on Monday, ten nights remaining of Dhū al-Ḥijjah in the year 211. Al-Maʾmūn prayed over him. When he was lowered into his grave, he invoked mercy upon him and said: By God, you were as the poet said: A brother of seriousness when men are serious and gird themselves, And a man of falsehood when there is falsehood among the people. 1189 - Ruwaym b. Yazīd, Abū al-Ḥasan al-Muqrī, client of al-ʿAwwām b. Ḥawshab al-Shaybānī. [He lived on the Nahr al-Qalāyīn, and he had a mosque there named after him] in which he taught Qur'anic recitation. He narrated from al-Layth b. Saʿd. Muḥammad b. Saʿd, the scribe of al-Wāqidī, narrated from him, and he was trustworthy. He died in this year. 1190 - Ziyād b. Yūnus [b. Saʿīd] b. Salāmah b. al-Ḥaḍramī al-Iskandarānī, called Abū Salāmah. He narrated from Mālik, al-Layth, and Ibn Lahīʿah, and he recited the Qur'an under Nāfiʿ. He was a seeker of knowledge and was called "the weevil of knowledge." He was one of the most reliable and trustworthy authorities. He died in Egypt in this year. 1191 - ʿAbd Allāh b. Ṣāliḥ [b. Muslim] al-ʿIjlī al-Kūfī al-Muqrī. He was born in the year 141 and recited the Qur'an under Ḥamzah al-Zayyāt. He heard Fuḍayl b. Marzūq and Naṣr b. Muʿāwiyah. Yaḥyā declared him trustworthy, and al-Bukhārī transmitted from him. He was a judge in the region of Shīrāz. He died in this year at the age of seventy-six. 1192 - ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. Wāqid al-Marwazī. Wāqid was a client of ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿĀmir b. Kurayz. He heard from his father and from Abū Ḥamzah al-Sukkarī. He died in this year. 1193 - Mūsā b. Sulaymān [Abū Sulaymān] al-Jūzjānī. He heard Ibn al-Mubārak, Abū Yūsuf, and Muḥammad. He was a jurist, discerning in opinion, adhering to the doctrine of the people of the Sunnah [regarding the Qurʾān], and he was an excellent man. Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī said: He was truthful. Ibrāhīm b. Saʿīd said: Al-Maʾmūn summoned Mūsā b. Sulaymān and Muʿallā al-Rāzī, and he began with Abū Sulaymān because of his age and his renown for piety. He offered him the qaḍāʾ, and he said: O Commander of the Faithful, preserve the rights of God in the qaḍāʾ and do not appoint over your trust one like me, for I, by God, am not secure from anger, and I do not deem myself fit for God to judge among His servants. He said: You have spoken truthfully, and we have excused you. 1194 - Muʿallā b. Manṣūr, Abū Yaʿlā al-Rāzī. He narrated from Mālik, al-Layth b. Saʿd, Sharīk, and others. From him narrated Ibn al-Madīnī, Abū Bakr b. Abī Shaybah, and Abū Khaythamah. He was trustworthy and a jurist; he took from Abū Yūsuf al-Qāḍī. They sought him for the qaḍāʾ repeatedly, but he refused. Ibrāhīm b. Saʿīd said: Al-Maʾmūn summoned Mūsā b. Sulaymān and Muʿallā al-Rāzī, and he offered the qaḍāʾ to Mūsā, but he declined. Then he turned to Muʿallā and said the same to him. He said: I am not fit. He said: And why? He said: I am a man in debt; I refuse to be a debtor and a creditor. He said: We shall order the payment of your debt, and you shall collect your debts; whoever gives you, we accept from him, and whoever does not give you, we shall compensate you [for what he owes you]. He said: But there are uncertainties [in] judgment, and in that is the destruction of people's wealth. He said: The people of religion, your brothers, will attend your assembly, and whatever you are uncertain about, you ask them; whatever becomes clear to you, you execute. He said: Glory be to God! I have been seeking for forty years a man to whom I may entrust my will, and I do not find [one to entrust it to], so from where shall I find one who will help me with the obligatory rights of God until I entrust him with that? So he excused him. Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn said: Muʿallā b. Manṣūr al-Rāzī was one day praying when a swarm of hornets fell on his head, and he did not turn or stop until he completed his prayer. Then they looked, and his head had become like this because of the severity of the swelling. Muʿallā died in this year, and he used to reside in al-Karkh in Qaṭīʿat al-Rabīʿ.
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