Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3153
The Year 201 AH
ذِكْرُ أَمْرِ الْمُتَطَوِّعَةِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ تَجَرَّدَتِ الْمُتَطَوِّعَةُ لِلْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ، وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ . وَكَانَ سَبَبَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ فُسَّاقَ بَغْدَاذَ وَالشُّطَّارَ آذَوُا النَّاسَ أَذًى شَدِيدًا، وَأَظْهَرُوا الْفِسْقَ، وَقَطَعُوا الطَّرِيقَ، وَأَخَذُوا النِّسَاءَ وَالصِّبْيَانَ عَلَانِيَةً، وَكَانُوا يَأْخُذُونَ وَلَدَ الرَّجُلِ وَأَهْلَهُ، فَلَا يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يَمْتَنِعَ مِنْهُمْ، وَكَانُوا يَطْلُبُونَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُقْرِضَهُمْ أَوْ يَصِلَهُمْ، فَلَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى الِامْتِنَاعِ، وَكَانُوا يَنْهَبُونَ الْقُرَى لَا سُلْطَانَ يَمْنَعُهُمْ، وَلَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِمْ، لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يُغْرِيهِمْ، وَهُمْ بِطَانَتُهُ، وَكَانُوا يُمْسِكُونَ الْمُجْتَازِينَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ، وَلَا يُعْدِي عَلَيْهِمْ أَحَدٌ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُمْ فِي بَلَاءٍ عَظِيمٍ. وَآخِرُ أَمْرِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا إِلَى قُطْرَبُّلَ، وَانْتَهَبُوهَا عَلَانِيَةً، وَأَخَذُوا الْعَيْنَ وَالْمَتَاعَ وَالدَّوَابَّ، فَبَاعُوهَا بِبَغْدَاذَ ظَاهِرًا، وَاسْتَعْدَى أَهْلُهَا السُّلْطَانَ، فَلَمْ يُعْدِهِمْ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ آخِرَ شَعْبَانَ. فَلَمَّا رَأَى النَّاسُ ذَلِكَ قَامَ صُلَحَاءُ كُلِّ رَبَضٍ وَدَرْبٍ، وَمَشَى بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ، وَقَالُوا: إِنَّمَا فِي الدَّرْبِ الْفَاسِقُ وَالْفَاسِقَانِ إِلَى الْعَشَرَةِ، وَأَنْتُمْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْهُمْ، فَلَوِ اجْتَمَعْتُمْ لَقَمَعْتُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْفُسَّاقَ، وَلَعَجَزُوا عَنِ الَّذِي يَفْعَلُونَهُ، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ خَالِدٌ الدَّرْيُوشُ، فَدَعَا جِيرَانَهُ وَأَهْلَ مَحَلَّتِهِ، عَلَى أَنْ يُعَاوِنُوهُ عَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ، فَأَجَابُوهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ، فَشَدَّ عَلَى مَنْ يَلِيهِ مِنَ الْفُسَّاقِ وَالشُّطَّارِ فَمَنَعَهُمْ، وَامْتَنَعُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَأَرَادُوا قِتَالَهُ فَقَاتَلَهُمْ، فَهَزَمَهُمْ وَضَرَبَ مَنْ أَخَذَهُ مِنَ الْفُسَّاقِ، وَحَبَسَهُمْ، وَرَفَعَهُمْ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى أَنْ يُغَيِّرَ عَلَى السُّلْطَانِ شَيْئًا. ثُمَّ قَامَ بَعْدَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْحَرْبِيَّةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ سَهْلُ بْنُ سَلَامَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ، وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا حَاتِمٍ، فَدَعَا النَّاسَ إِلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ، وَالْعَمَلِ بِالْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ، وَعَلَّقَ مُصْحَفًا فِي عُنُقِهِ، وَأَمَرَ أَهْلَ مَحَلَّتِهِ وَنَهَاهُمْ، فَقَبِلُوا مِنْهُ، وَدَعَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا، الشَّرِيفَ وَالْوَضِيعَ، مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، فَأَتَاهُ خَلْقٌ عَظِيمٌ فَبَايَعُوهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَعَلَى الْقِتَالِ مَعَهُ لِمَنْ خَالَفَهُ، وَطَافَ بِبَغْدَاذَ وَأَسْوَاقِهَا. وَكَانَ قِيَامُ سَهْلٍ لِأَرْبَعٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ، وَقِيَامُ الدَّرْيُوشِ قَبْلَهُ بِيَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ. وَبَلَغَ خَبَرُ قِيَامِهِمَا إِلَى مَنْصُورِ بْنِ الْمَهْدِيِّ وَعِيسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، فَكَسَرَهُمَا ذَلِكَ ; لِأَنَّ أَكْثَرَ أَصْحَابِهِمَا كَانَ الشُّطَّارَ وَمَنْ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ، وَدَخَلَ مَنْصُورٌ بَغْدَاذَ، وَكَانَ عِيسَى يُكَاتِبُ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ فِي الْأَمَانِ، فَأَجَابَهُ الْحَسَنُ إِلَى الْأَمَانِ لَهُ وَلِأَهْلِ بَغْدَاذَ، وَأَنْ يُعْطِيَ جُنْدَهُ وَأَهْلَ بَغْدَاذَ رِزْقَ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ إِذَا أُدْرِكَتِ الْغَلَّةُ، وَرَحَلَ عِيسَى فَدَخَلَ بَغْدَاذَ لِثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ، وَتَفَرَّقَتِ الْعَسَاكِرُ، فَرَضِيَ أَهْلُ بَغْدَاذَ بِمَا صَالَحَ عَلَيْهِ، وَبَقِيَ سَهْلٌ عَلَى مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the affair of the volunteers in enjoining good. In this year, the volunteers devoted themselves to enjoining good and forbidding evil. The reason for that was that the dissolute rabble of Baghdad and the highwaymen had grievously harmed people, openly displayed wickedness, cut off roads, and seized women and boys in public. They would take a man’s son and family, and he could not resist them. They would demand that a man lend to them or give them gifts, and he was unable to refuse. They plundered villages with no authority to stop them or power over them, because he incited them, and they were his inner circle. They detained passersby on the road, and no one could retaliate against them. The people were in great tribulation because of them. The last of their affairs was that they went out to Qutrabbul and plundered it openly, taking goods, chattels, and mounts, then sold them in Baghdad openly. Its people sought redress from the authority, but he did not help them. That was at the end of Shaʿban. When the people saw that, the righteous men of every quarter and street arose, and some went to others and said: “In a street there are only one or two dissolute men, up to ten, and you are more numerous than they. If you gathered together, you would suppress these dissolute men, and they would be unable to do what they do.” Then a man called Khalid al-Daryush arose and summoned his neighbors and the people of his quarter to help him in enjoining good and forbidding evil. They responded to him in that. He clamped down on the dissolute men and highwaymen nearest him and prevented them. They resisted him and wanted to fight him, so he fought them, routed them, beat those of the dissolute men whom he seized, imprisoned them, and brought them before the authority—except that he did not think it right to denounce the authority in anything. Then after him there arose a man of the Harbiyyah quarter called Sahl b. Salama al-Ansari, from the people of Khurasan, whose kunya was Abu Hatim. He summoned the people to enjoining good and forbidding evil, and to acting according to the Book and the Sunnah. He hung a copy of the Qurʾan around his neck, and he commanded and forbade the people of his quarter, and they accepted it from him. He summoned all the people, the noble and the lowly, of Banu Hashim and others. A great multitude came to him and pledged allegiance to him for that, and to fight alongside him against whoever opposed him. He went around Baghdad and its markets. Sahl’s rising was on the fourth of Ramadan, and al-Daryush’s rising was two or three days before him. News of their rising reached Mansur b. al-Mahdi and Isa b. Muhammad b. Abi Khalid, and it distressed them, because most of their companions were highwaymen and people of no good. Mansur entered Baghdad, while Isa corresponded with al-Hasan b. Sahl seeking amnesty. Al-Hasan granted him amnesty for himself and for the people of Baghdad, and agreed to give his troops and the people of Baghdad six months’ provisions when the harvest came in. Isa departed and entered Baghdad on the thirteenth night of Shawwal, and the armies dispersed. The people of Baghdad were satisfied with what he had negotiated, while Sahl remained as he was in enjoining good and forbidding evil.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.