Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3090
The year 195 AH
وَفِيهَا: شَخصَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى إِلَى الرَّيِّ لِحَرْبِ الْمَأْمُونِ ، فَكَانَ خُرُوجُهُ عَشِيَّةَ الْجُمُعَةِ لِأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ خَلَتْ مِنْ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ، وَخَرَجَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ صَلَاةِ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى مُعَسْكَرِهِ فِي زُهَاءٍ مِنْ أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفًا. وَلَمَّا أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ وَدَّعَ أُمَّ جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا عَلِيُّ، إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِنْ كَانَ وَلَدِي فَأَنِّي عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُشْفِقَةٌ، فَاعْرِفْ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَقَّ إِخْوَتِهِ، وَلَا تَبُجُّهُ بِالْكَلَامِ وَلَا تَفْتَشِرْهُ افْتِشَارَ الْعَبِيدِ، وَإِنْ شَتَمَكَ فَاحْتَمِلْهُ، ثُمَّ دَفَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ قَيْدًا مِنْ فِضَّةٍ فَقَالَتْ: إِنْ صَارَ فِي يَدِكَ فَقَيِّدْهُ بِهِ. فَشَخَصَ وَمَعَهُ الْأَمِينُ إِلَى النَّهْرَوَانِ يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ لِسِتٍّ بَقِينَ مِنْ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ، فَعَرَضَ الْجُنْدَ، وَعَادَ إِلَى مَدِينَةِ السَّلَامِ، وَأَقَامَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى بِالنَّهْرَوَانِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، ثُمَّ شَخَصَ إِلَى مَا وَجَّهَ لَهُ مُسْرِعًا، حَتَّى نَزَلَ هَمَدَانَ، فَوَلَّى عَلَيْهَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ قَحْطَبَةَ، وَكَانَ الْأَمِينُ قَدْ كَتَبَ إِلَى عِصْمَةَ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ يَأْمُرُهُ بِالِانْصِرَافِ فِي خَاصَّةِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَضَمَّ بَقِيَّةَ الْعَسْكَرِ وَمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالِ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي دَلَفٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ بِالِانْضِمَامِ إِلَيْهِ فِيمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَشَخَصَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى مِنْ هَمَدَانَ يُرِيدُ الرَّيَّ، فَكَانَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْ خُرَاسَانَ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ إِنْ طَاهِرًا مُقِيمٌ بِالرَّيِّ، فَيَضْحَكُ فَيَقُولُ وَمَا طَاهِرٌ ! ؟ هَلْ هُوَ إِلَّا شَوْكَةٌ بَيْنَ أَعْضَائِي. فَلَقِيَهُ طَاهِرٌ فِي نَحْوِ أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافٍ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى طَاهِرٌ جَمْعَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى قَالَ: هَذَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ، وَلَكِنْ نَجْعَلُهَا خَارِجِيَّةً نَقْصِدُ الْقَلْبَ. فَحَمَلُوا فَجَرَى الْقِتَالُ، فَقُتِلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى وَأُلْقِيَ فِي بِئْرٍ، وَهُزِمَ عَسْكَرُهُ وَأُخِذَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُمِائَةِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ. وَكَتَبَ طَاهِرٌ إِلَى ذِي الرِّئَاسَتَيْنِ: أَطَالَ اللَّهُ بَقَاءَكَ، وَكَبَتَ أَعْدَاءَكَ، وَجَعَلَ مَنْ يَشْنَؤُكَ فِدَاءَكَ، كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَرَأْسُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى بَيْنَ يَدَيْ، وَخَاتَمُهُ فِي أُصْبُعِي، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ. فَدَخَلَ عَلَى الْمَأْمُونِ فَبَشَّرَهُ، فَأَيَّدَ طَاهِرًا بِالرِّجَالِ، وَسَمَّاهُ ذَا الْيَمِينَيْنِ، وَأَمَرَ بِإِحْضَارِ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ، وَالْقُوَّادِ، وَوُجُوهِ النَّاسِ، فَدَخَلُوا فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ بِالْخِلَافَةِ، وَأَعْلَنَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِخَلْعِ الْأَمِينِ. ثُمَّ وَرَدَ بِرَأْسِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى يَوْمَ الثُّلَاثَاءِ، فَطِيفَ بِهِ خُرَاسَانَ، وَبَلَغَ الْخَبَرُ إِلَى الْأَمِينِ، فَنَدِمَ عَلَى نَكْثِهِ وَغَدْرِهِ، وَمَشَى الْقُوَّادُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ لِلنِّصْفِ مِنْ شَوَّالَ، فَقَالُوا: إِنَّ عَلِيًّا قَدْ قُتِلَ، وَلَا شَكَّ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى الرِّجَالِ، فَاطْلُبُوا الْجَوَائِزَ وَالْأَرْزَاقَ، فَلَعَلَّنَا نُصِيبُ فِي هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ مَا يُصْلِحُنَا، فَأَصْبَحُوا يُكَبِّرُونَ وَيَطْلُبُونَ الْأَرْزَاقَ. وَبَلَغَ الْخَبَرُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ خَازِمٍ، فَرَكِبَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ، فَتَرَامَوْا بِالنُّشَّابِ وَالْحِجَارَةِ، وَسَمِعَ مُحَمَّدٌ التَّكْبِيرَ وَالضَّجِيجَ، فَقَالَ: مَا الْخَبَرُ ؟ فَأَعْلَمُوهُ، فَقَالَ: مُرُوا ابْنَ خَازِمٍ فَلْيَنْصَرِفْ عَنْهُمْ. ثُمَّ أَمَرَ لَهُمْ بِأَرْزَاقِ أَرْبَعَةِ شُهُورٍ، وَرَفَعَ مَنْ كَانَ دُونَ الثَّمَانِينَ إِلَى الثَّمَانِينَ، وَأَمَرَ لِلْقُوَّادِ بِالصِّلَاتِ، وَبَعَثَ إِلَى نَوْفَلٍ خَادِمِ الْمَأْمُونِ، فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُ سِتَّةَ آلَافِ أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ الَّتِي كَانَ الرَّشِيدُ وَصَلَ الْمَأْمُونَ بِهَا، وَقَبَضَ ضَيَاعَهُ وَغَلَّاتَهُ وَأَمْوَالَهُ، وَوَلَّى عَلَيْهَا عُمَّالًا مِنْ قِبَلِهِ.
Translation
✧ In this year, ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā set out to al-Rayy to fight al-Maʾmūn. His departure was on the evening of Friday, fourteen days having passed of Jumādā al-Ākhirah. He went out, between the Friday prayer and the ʿaṣr prayer, to his camp with about forty thousand men. When he wished to depart, he bade farewell to Umm Jaʿfar. She said to him: “O ʿAlī, the Commander of the Faithful is my son, but I am anxious about ʿAbd Allāh. Recognize for ʿAbd Allāh the right of his brothers, and do not berate him with words, nor strip him as slaves are stripped. If he insults you, bear it.” Then she handed him a silver fetter and said: “If he falls into your hands, fetter him with it.” He set out, and al-Amīn accompanied him to al-Nahrawān on Sunday, with six days remaining of Jumādā al-Ākhirah. He reviewed the army and returned to the City of Peace. ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā stayed at al-Nahrawān for three days, then set out swiftly to the place to which he had been directed, until he halted at Hamadhān. He appointed over it ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥumayd b. Qaḥṭabah. Al-Amīn had written to ʿIṣmah b. Ḥammād, ordering him to withdraw with his own close companions, and to attach the rest of the army and whatever wealth it contained to ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā. He also wrote to Abū Dulaf al-Qāsim b. ʿAlī, ordering him to join ʿAlī with the companions he had with him. ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā departed from Hamadhān, heading for al-Rayy. He kept asking about Khurāsān, and was told that Ṭāhir was stationed at al-Rayy. He would laugh and say: “What is Ṭāhir? Is he anything but a thorn among my limbs?” Then Ṭāhir met him with about four thousand men. When Ṭāhir saw the host of ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā, he said: “This is more than we can withstand, but let us make it a Khārijite-style attack, aiming at the center.” So they charged, and battle was joined. ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā was killed and cast into a well. His army was routed, and seven hundred thousand dirhams were taken from them. Ṭāhir wrote to Dhū al-Riʾāsatayn: “May God prolong your life, crush your enemies, and make those who hate you your ransom. I have written to you while the head of ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā is before me, and his signet ring is on my finger. Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds.” He entered upon al-Maʾmūn and brought him the good news. Al-Maʾmūn reinforced Ṭāhir with men, named him Dhū al-Yamīnayn, and ordered the members of his household, the commanders, and the notables of the people to be brought in. They entered and greeted him as caliph, and on that day he openly proclaimed the deposition of al-Amīn. Then the head of ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā arrived on Tuesday. It was paraded around Khurāsān. The news reached al-Amīn, and he regretted his breach and treachery. The commanders went to one another—that was on Thursday, the middle of Shawwāl—and said: “ʿAlī has been killed, and there is no doubt that Muḥammad will need men. So seek gifts and stipends; perhaps in this situation we may obtain what will set us right.” They arose in the morning, shouting takbīr and demanding stipends. The news reached ʿAbd Allāh b. Khāzim, and he rode against them with his companions. They exchanged arrows and stones. Muḥammad heard the takbīr and the clamor, and said: “What is the news?” They informed him, and he said: “Tell Ibn Khāzim to withdraw from them.” Then he ordered that they be given four months’ stipends, and raised those below eighty to eighty. He ordered gifts for the commanders, and sent to Nawfal, the servant of al-Maʾmūn, taking from him six million dirhams—the sum that al-Rashīd had granted to al-Maʾmūn. He seized his estates, their produce, and his wealth, and appointed agents of his own over them.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.