Tarikh (al-Tabari) 279
The story of Sulaymān b. Dāwūd (peace be upon them both)
ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَلِسُلَيْمَانَ الرِّيحَ عَاصِفَةً أَيْ: وَسَخَّرْنَا لِسُلَيْمَانَ الرِّيحَ عَاصِفَةً تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا وَكُنَّا بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَالِمِينَ وَمِنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ مَنْ يَغُوصُونَ لَهُ وَيَعْمَلُونَ عَمَلًا دُونَ ذَلِكَ وَكُنَّا لَهُمْ حَافِظِينَ [ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ: 80 - 82 ]. وَقَالَ فِي سُورَةِ " ص ": فَسَخَّرْنَا لَهُ الرِّيحَ تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ رُخَاءً حَيْثُ أَصَابَ وَالشَّيَاطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّاءٍ وَغَوَّاصٍ وَآخَرِينَ مُقَرَّنِينَ فِي الْأَصْفَادِ هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ وَإِنَّ لَهُ عِنْدَنَا لَزُلْفَى وَحُسْنَ مَآبٍ لَمَّا تَرَكَ الْخَيْلَ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ اللَّهِ عَوَّضَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهَا الرِّيحَ، الَّتِي هِيَ أَسْرَعُ سَيْرًا وَأَقْوَى وَأَعْظَمُ، وَلَا كُلْفَةَ عَلَيْهِ لَهَا. تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ رُخَاءً حَيْثُ أَصَابَ أَيْ: حَيْثُ أَرَادَ مِنْ أَيِّ الْبِلَادِ. كَانَ لَهُ بِسَاطٌ مُرَكَّبٌ مِنْ أَخْشَابٍ، بِحَيْثُ إِنَّهُ يَسَعُ جَمِيعَ مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ الدُّورِ الْمَبْنِيَّةِ وَالْقُصُورِ وَالْخِيَامِ وَالْأَمْتِعَةِ وَالْخُيُولِ وَالْجِمَالِ وَالْأَثْقَالِ وَالرِّجَالِ مِنَ الْأِنْسِ وَالْجَانِّ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانَاتِ وَالطُّيُورِ، فَإِذَا أَرَادَ سَفَرًا أَوْ مُسْتَنْزَهًا، أَوْ قِتَالَ مَلِكٍ أَوْ أَعْدَاءٍ مِنْ أَيِّ بِلَادِ اللَّهِ شَاءَ، فَإِذَا حَمَلَ هَذِهِ الْأُمُورَ الْمَذْكُورَةَ عَلَى الْبِسَاطِ، أَمَرَ الرِّيحَ فَدَخَلَتْ تَحْتَهُ فَرَفَعَتْهُ، فَإِذَا اسْتَقَلَّ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَمَرَ الرُّخَاءَ فَسَارَتْ بِهِ، فَإِنْ أَرَادَ أَسْرَعَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَمَرَ الْعَاصِفَةَ فَحَمَلَتْهُ أَسْرَعَ مَا يَكُونُ، فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي أَيِّ مَكَانٍ شَاءَ، بِحَيْثُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَرْتَحِلُ فِي أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ، فَتَغْدُو بِهِ الرِّيحُ فَتَضَعُهُ بِإِصْطَخْرَ، مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ، فَيُقِيمُ هُنَاكَ إِلَى آخَرِ النَّهَارِ، ثُمَّ يَرُوحُ مِنْ آخِرِهِ، فَتَرُدُّهُ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ، كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: وَلِسُلَيْمَانَ الرِّيحَ غُدُوُّهَا شَهْرٌ وَرَوَاحُهَا شَهْرٌ وَأَسَلْنَا لَهُ عَيْنَ الْقِطْرِ وَمِنَ الْجِنِّ مَنْ يَعْمَلُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِ وَمَنْ يَزِغْ مِنْهُمْ عَنْ أَمْرِنَا نُذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذَابِ السَّعِيرِ يَعْمَلُونَ لَهُ مَا يَشَاءُ مِنْ مَحَارِيبَ وَتَمَاثِيلَ وَجِفَانٍ كَالْجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٍ رَاسِيَاتٍ اعْمَلُوا آلَ دَاوُدَ شُكْرًا وَقَلِيلٌ مِنْ عِبَادِيَ الشَّكُورُ [ سَبَأٍ: 12، 13 ]. قَالَ الْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّ: كَانَ يَغْدُو مِنْ دِمَشْقَ، فَيَنْزِلُ بِإِصْطَخْرَ فَيَتَغَدَّى بِهَا، وَيَذْهَبُ رَائِحًا مِنْهَا فَيَبِيتُ بِكَابُلَ، وَبَيْنَ دِمَشْقَ وَبَيْنَ إِصْطَخْرَ مَسِيرَةُ شَهْرٍ، وَبَيْنَ إِصْطَخْرَ وَكَابُلَ مَسِيرَةُ شَهْرٍ. قُلْتُ: قَدْ ذَكَرَ الْمُتَكَلِّمُونَ عَلَى الْعِمْرَانِ وَالْبُلْدَانِ، أَنَّ إِصْطَخْرَ بَنَتْهَا الْجَانُّ لِسُلَيْمَانَ وَكَانَ فِيهَا قَرَارُ مَمْلَكَةِ التُّرْكِ قَدِيمًا، وَكَذَلِكَ غَيْرُهَا مِنْ بُلْدَانٍ شَتَّى; كَتَدْمُرَ، وَبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ، وَبَابِ جَيْرُونَ، وَبَابِ الْبَرِيدِ، اللَّذَيْنِ بِدِمَشْقَ، عَلَى أَحَدِ الْأَقْوَالِ. وَأَمَّا الْقِطْرُ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَمُجَاهِدٌ، وَعِكْرِمَةُ، وَقَتَادَةُ، وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ: هُوَ النُّحَاسُ. قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: وَكَانَتْ بِالْيَمَنِ ; أَنَبْعَهَا اللَّهُ لَهُ. قَالَ السُّدِّيُّ: ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ فَقَطْ، أَخَذَ مِنْهَا جَمِيعَ مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ لِلْبِنَايَاتِ وَغَيْرِهَا.
Translation
✧ Then he said: And to Sulaymān [We subjected] the wind, blowing strongly—meaning: And We subjected to Sulaymān the wind, blowing strongly, running by his command to the land which We had blessed, and We were, of all things, Knowing. And of the devils were those who dived for him and did work other than that, and We were guardians over them [al-Anbiyāʾ: 80–82]. And He said in Sūrat Ṣād: So We subjected to him the wind, running by his command, gently, wherever he directed. And the devils, every builder and diver, and others bound together in fetters. “This is Our gift, so grant or withhold without account.” And indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of return. When he gave up the horses seeking the countenance of God, God compensated him with the wind, which is swifter in travel, stronger, and greater, and with no burden upon him for it. Running by his command, gently, wherever he directed—meaning: wherever he wished, from any of the lands. He had a carpet composed of timbers, such that it could hold all that he needed of built houses, palaces, tents, goods, horses, camels, baggage, and men from humans and jinn, and other animals and birds besides. When he wished to travel, to go out for recreation, or to fight a king or enemies from any of God's lands he willed, then, when he had loaded these aforementioned things onto the carpet, he commanded the wind, and it entered beneath it and lifted it up. When it was raised between heaven and earth, he commanded the gentle wind, and it carried him along. If he wished to go faster than that, he commanded the strong wind, and it bore him at the swiftest possible speed and set him down in whatever place he wished, such that he would set out at the beginning of the day from Jerusalem, and the wind would carry him in the morning and set him down at Iṣṭakhr, a month's journey, and he would stay there until the end of the day, then depart at the end of it, and it would bring him back to Jerusalem, as the Almighty said: And to Sulaymān [We subjected] the wind—its morning course was a month and its evening course was a month. And We made flow for him a spring of molten brass. And of the jinn were those who worked before him by the permission of his Lord. And whoever of them deviated from Our command, We will make him taste of the punishment of the Blaze. They made for him what he willed of sanctuaries, statues, basins like reservoirs, and cauldrons fixed in their places. “Work, O family of Dāwūd, in gratitude.” And few of My servants are grateful [Sabaʾ: 12–13]. Al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī said: He would set out in the morning from Damascus and alight at Iṣṭakhr and have his morning meal there, and then go from there in the evening and spend the night in Kābul, and between Damascus and Iṣṭakhr is a month's journey, and between Iṣṭakhr and Kābul is a month's journey. I say: Those who discuss civilization and lands have mentioned that Iṣṭakhr was built by the jinn for Sulaymān, and in it was the seat of the kingdom of the Turks in ancient times, as were other various lands, such as Tadmur, Jerusalem, Bāb Jayrūn, and Bāb al-Barīd, the two gates in Damascus, according to one of the opinions. As for the molten brass, Ibn ʿAbbās, Mujāhid, ʿIkrimah, Qatādah, and more than one said: It is copper. Qatādah said: It was in Yemen; God caused it to flow for him. Al-Suddī said: For only three days, he took from it all that he needed for buildings and other things.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.