Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2685
Then the Year 132 AH Began
ذِكْرُ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ دَخَلَ سُدَيْفٌ عَلَى السَّفَّاحِ وَعِنْدَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَقَدْ أَكْرَمَهُ، فَقَالَ سُدَيْفٌ: لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ مَا تَرَى مِنَ الرِّجَالِ إِنَّ تَحْتَ الضُّلُوعِ دَاءً دَوِيَّا فَضَعِ السَّيْفَ وَارْفَعِ السَّوْطَ حَتَّى لَا تَرَى فَوْقَ ظَهْرِهَا أُمَوِيَّا. فَقَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ: قَتَلْتَنِي يَا شَيْخُ ! وَدَخَلَ السَّفَّاحُ، وَأُخِذَ سُلَيْمَانُ فَقُتِلَ. وَدَخَلَ شِبْلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَوْلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ وَعِنْدَهُ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ نَحْوُ تِسْعِينَ رَجُلًا عَلَى الطَّعَامِ، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ شِبْلٌ، فَقَالَ: أَصْبَحَ الْمُلْكُ ثَابِتَ الْأَسَاسِ بِالْبَهَالِيلِ مِنْ بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ طَلَبُوا وِتْرَ هَاشِمٍ فَشَفَوْهَا بَعْدَ مَيْلٍ مِنَ الزَّمَانِ وَيَاسِ لَا تُقِيلَنَّ عَبْدَ شَمْسٍ عِثَارًا وَاقْطَعَنْ كُلَّ رَقْلَةٍ وَغِرَاسِ ذُلُّهَا أَظْهَرَ التَّوَدُّدَ مِنْهَا وَبِهَا مِنْكُمْ كَحَرِّ الْمَوَاسِي وَلَقَدْ غَاظَنِي وَغَاظَ سَوَائِي قُرْبُهُمْ مِنْ نَمَارِقٍ وَكَرَاسِي أَنْزِلُوهَا بِحَيْثُ أَنْزَلَهَا اللَّ هُ بِدَارِ الْهَوَانِ وَالْإِتْعَاسِ وَاذْكُرُوا مَصْرَعَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَزَيْدًا وَقَتِيلًا بِجَانِبِ الْمِهْرَاسِ وَالْقَتِيلَ الَّذِي بِحَرَّانَ أَضْحَى ثَاوِيًا بَيْنَ غُرْبَةٍ وَتَنَاسِ . فَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَضُرِبُوا بِالْعُمُدِ حَتَّى قُتِلُوا، وَبَسَطَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَنْطَاعَ، فَأَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَيْهَا وَهُوَ يَسْمَعُ أَنِينَ بَعْضِهِمْ حَتَّى مَاتُوا جَمِيعًا. وَأَمَرَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ بِنَبْشِ قُبُورِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ بِدِمَشْقَ، فَنُبِشَ قَبْرُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا فِيهِ إِلَّا خَيْطًا مِثْلَ الْهَبَاءِ، وَنُبِشَ قَبْرُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَوَجَدُوا فِيهِ حُطَامًا كَأَنَّهُ الرَّمَادُ، وَنُبِشَ قَبْرُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ فَوَجَدُوا جُمْجُمَتَهُ، وَكَانَ لَا يُوجَدُ فِي الْقَبْرِ [ إِلَّا ] الْعُضْوُ بَعْدَ الْعُضْوِ، غَيْرَ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فَإِنَّهُ وُجِدَ صَحِيحًا لَمْ يَبْلَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا أَرْنَبَةُ أَنْفِهِ، فَضَرَبَهُ بِالسِّيَاطِ وَصَلَبَهُ وَحَرَقَهُ وَذَرَّاهُ فِي الرِّيحِ. وَتَتَبَّعَ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ الْخُلَفَاءِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ فَأَخَذَهُمْ، وَلَمْ يُفْلِتْ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا رَضِيعٌ أَوْ مَنْ هَرَبَ إِلَى الْأَنْدَلُسِ، فَقَتَلَهُمْ بِنَهْرِ أَبِي فُطْرُسٍ، وَكَانَ فِيمَنْ قُتِلَ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ، وَالْغَمْرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَعَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّهُ مَاتَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ الْمَخْلُوعَ قُتِلَ مَعَهُمْ، وَاسْتَصْفَى كُلَّ شَيْءٍ لَهُمْ مِنْ مَالٍ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ: بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ قَدْ أَفْنَيْتُ جَمْعَكُمُ فَكَيْفَ لِي مِنْكُمْ بِالْأَوَّلِ الْمَاضِي يُطَيِّبُ النَّفْسَ أَنَّ النَّارَ تَجْمَعُكُمْ عُوِّضْتُمْ [ مِنْ ] لَظَاهَا شَرَّ مُعْتَاضِ مُنِيتُمُ، لَا أَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَثْرَتَكُمْ بِلَيْثِ غَابٍ إِلَى الْأَعْدَاءِ نَهَّاضِ إِنْ كَانَ غَيْظِي لِفَوْتٍ مِنْكُمُ فَلَقَدْ مُنِيتُ مِنْكُمْ بِمَا رَبِّي بِهِ رَاضِ . وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ سُدَيْفًا أَنْشَدَ هَذَا الشِّعْرَ لِلسَّفَّاحِ، وَمَعَهُ كَانَتِ الْحَادِثَةُ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُمْ. وَقَتَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِالْبَصْرَةِ أَيْضًا جَمَاعَةً مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ، عَلَيْهِمُ الثِّيَابُ الْمُوشِيَةُ الْمُرْتَفِعَةُ، وَأَمَرَ بِهِمْ فَجُرُّوا بِأَرْجُلِهِمْ، فَأُلْقُوا عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ، فَأَكَلَتْهُمُ الْكِلَابُ. فَلَمَّا رَأَى بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ ذَلِكَ اشْتَدَّ خَوْفُهُمْ، وَتَشَتَّتَ شَمْلُهُمْ، وَاخْتَفَى مَنْ قَدَرَ عَلَى الِاخْتِفَاءِ، وَكَانَ مِمَّنِ اخْتَفَى مِنْهُمْ عَمْرُو بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ. قَالَ: وَكُنْتُ لَا آتِي مَكَانًا إِلَّا عُرِفْتُ فِيهِ، فَضَاقَتْ عَلَيَّ الْأَرْضُ، فَقَدِمْتُ عَلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، وَهُوَ لَا يَعْرِفُنِي، فَقُلْتُ: لَفَظَتْنِي الْبِلَادُ إِلَيْكَ، وَدَلَّنِي فَضْلُكَ عَلَيْكَ، فَإِمَّا قَتَلْتَنِي فَاسْتَرَحْتُ، وَإِمَّا رَدَدْتَنِي سَالِمًا فَأَمِنْتُ. فَقَالَ: وَمَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ فَعَرَّفْتُهُ نَفْسِي، فَقَالَ: مَرْحَبًا بِكَ، مَا حَاجَتُكَ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّ الْحُرَمَ اللَّوَاتِي أَنْتَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِنَّ، وَأَقْرَبُهُمْ إِلَيْهِنَّ، قَدْ خِفْنَ لِخَوْفِنَا، وَمَنْ خَافَ خِيفَ عَلَيْهِ. قَالَ: فَبَكَى كَثِيرًا ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَحْقِنُ اللَّهُ دَمَكَ وَيُوَفِّرُ مَالَكَ وَيَحْفَظُ حُرَمَكَ. ثُمَّ كَتَبَ إِلَى السَّفَّاحِ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ وَفَدَ وَافِدٌ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ عَلَيْنَا، وَإِنَّا إِنَّمَا قَتَلْنَاهُمْ عَلَى عُقُوقِهِمْ لَا عَلَى أَرْحَامِهِمْ، فَإِنَّنَا يَجْمَعُنَا وَإِيَّاهُمْ عَبْدُ مَنَافٍ، وَالرَّحِمُ تُبَلُّ وَلَا تُقْتَلُ، وَتُرْفَعُ وَلَا تُوضَعُ، فَإِنْ رَأَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْ يَهَبَهُمْ لِي فَلْيَفْعَلْ، وَإِنْ فَعَلَ فَلْيَجْعَلْ كِتَابًا عَامًّا إِلَى الْبُلْدَانِ، نَشْكُرُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى عَلَى نِعَمِهِ عِنْدَنَا، وَإِحْسَانِهِ إِلَيْنَا. فَأَجَابَهُ إِلَى مَا سَأَلَ، فَكَانَ هَذَا أَوَّلَ أَمَانِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ.
Translation
✧ Mention of those of the Umayyads who were killed Sudayf entered upon al-Saffāḥ while Sulaymān b. Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik was with him, and he had honored him. Sudayf said: Let not what you see of men deceive you; beneath the ribs is a lingering disease. So place the sword and raise the whip until you see no Umayyad on the back of any of them. Sulaymān said: You have killed me, old man! Then al-Saffāḥ entered, and Sulaymān was seized and killed. Shibl b. ʿAbd Allāh, client of the Banū Hāshim, entered upon ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAlī while about ninety Umayyad men were with him at a meal. Shibl turned to him and said: The dominion became firm of foundation through the nobles of the Banū l-ʿAbbās. They sought the vengeance of Hāshim and healed it after a long period of time and despair. Do not excuse any stumble of ʿAbd Shams, and cut down every palm and sapling. Their humiliation made affection appear from them, while from you toward them it is like the heat of razors. It has angered me, and angered others like me, their nearness to cushions and seats. Bring them down to where God has brought them down, to the abode of disgrace and ruin. Remember the killing place of al-Ḥusayn and Zayd, and the one killed beside al-Mihrās. And the one who was killed at Ḥarrān and became lying between exile and forgottenness. Then ʿAbd Allāh ordered them, and they were struck with clubs until they were killed. He spread leather mats over them and ate the food upon them while hearing the groans of some of them until they all died. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAlī ordered the graves of the Umayyads in Damascus to be exhumed. The grave of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān was exhumed, and they found in it only a thread like dust. The grave of Yazīd b. Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān was exhumed, and they found in it brittle fragments like ashes. The grave of ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān was exhumed, and they found his skull. In the graves nothing was found except one limb after another, except Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik, for he was found intact, only the tip of his nose having decayed. He had him flogged with whips, crucified, burned, and scattered to the wind. He pursued the Umayyads, the sons of the caliphs and others, and seized them. None of them escaped except an infant or one who fled to al-Andalus. He killed them at the river of Abū Fuṭrus. Among those killed were: Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān, al-Ghamr b. Yazīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik, ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Sulaymān b. ʿAbd al-Malik, and Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik. It is said that he died before that, and Abū ʿUbaydah b. al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik. It is said that Ibrāhīm b. Yazīd the deposed one was killed with them. He confiscated all their property and other things. When he finished with them, he said: Banū Umayyah, I have annihilated your whole group, so how can I reach the first one who has passed? It pleases the soul that the Fire will gather you; you have been compensated with the worst recompense from its blaze. You have been afflicted—may God not pardon your stumble— by a lion of the thicket, rising against enemies. If my rage is for those of you who escaped, then I have been afflicted by you with what my Lord is pleased with. It is said that Sudayf recited this poetry to al-Saffāḥ, and the incident was with him, and he was the one who killed them. Sulaymān b. ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās also killed in al-Baṣrah a group of the Umayyads, wearing fine elevated brocade garments. He ordered them, and they were dragged by their feet and thrown onto the road, and the dogs ate them. When the Umayyads saw that, their fear intensified, their unity dispersed, and those who could hide went into hiding. Among those who hid was ʿAmr b. Muʿāwiyah b. ʿAmr b. Sufyān b. ʿUtbah b. Abī Sufyān. He said: I would not come to any place but that I was recognized there, so the earth became constricted for me. I went to Sulaymān b. ʿAlī, who did not know me, and said: The lands have cast me out to you, and your excellence has guided me to you. Either kill me and I find rest, or return me safely and I am secure. He said: Who are you? I made myself known to him. He said: Welcome to you; what do you need? I said: The women who are under your protection—you are the most entitled of people to them and the closest of them to them—have feared because of our fear, and whoever fears, others fear for him. He said: He wept profusely, then said: May God preserve your blood, make your wealth abundant, and protect your women. Then he wrote to al-Saffāḥ: O Commander of the Faithful, an arrival from the Banū Umayyah has come to us. We killed them only for their disobedience, not for their kinship, for ʿAbd Manāf gathers us and them. Kinship is to be moistened, not severed; raised, not lowered. If the Commander of the Faithful sees fit to grant them to me, let him do so. If he does, let him make a general letter to the lands, thanking God Almighty for His favors upon us and His kindness to us. He granted his request, and this was the first amnesty of the Banū Umayyah.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.