Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2625
Then the Year 127 AH Began
ذِكْرُ بَيْعَةِ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بُويِعَ بِدِمَشْقَ لِمَرْوَانَ بِالْخِلَافَةِ. وَكَانَ سَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا دَخَلَ دِمَشْقَ وَهَرَبَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَسُلَيْمَانُ، ثَارَ مَنْ بِدِمَشْقَ مِنْ مَوَالِي الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى دَارِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فَقَتَلُوهُ، وَنَبَشُوا قَبْرَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ فَصَلَبُوهُ عَلَى بَابِ الْجَابِيَةِ، وَأُتِيَ مَرْوَانُ بِالْغُلَامَيْنِ الْحَكَمِ وَعُثْمَانَ ابْنَيِ الْوَلِيدِ مَقْتُولَيْنِ، وَبِيُوسُفَ بْنِ عُمَرَ، فَدَفَنَهُمْ، وَأُتِيَ بِأَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ السُّفْيَانِيِّ فِي قُيُودِهِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْخِلَافَةِ، وَمَرْوَانُ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِالْإِمْرَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مَرْوَانُ: مَهْ ! فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُمَا جَعَلَاهَا لَكَ بَعْدَهُمَا، وَأَنْشَدَهُ شِعْرًا قَالَهُ الْحَكَمُ فِي السِّجْنِ، وَكَانَا قَدْ بَلَغَا وَوُلِدَ لِأَحَدِهِمَا، وَهُوَ الْحَكَمُ، فَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ: أَلَا مَنْ مُبْلِغٌ مَرْوَانَ عَنِّي وَعَمِّي الْغَمْرُ طَالَ بِهِ حَنِينَا بِأَنِّي قَدْ ظُلِمْتُ وَصَارَ قَوْمِي عَلَى قَتْلِ الْوَلِيدِ مُشَايِعِينَا أَيَذْهَبُ كُلُّهُمْ بِدَمِي وَمَالِي فَلَا غَثًّا أَصَبْتُ وَلَا سَمِينَا وَمَرْوَانٌ بِأَرْضِ بَنِي نِزَارٍ كَلَيْثِ الْغَابِ مُفْتَرِسٍ عَرِينَا أَتُنْكَثُ بَيْعَتِي مِنْ أَجْلِ أُمِّي فَقَدْ بَايَعْتُمُ قَبْلِي هَجِينَا فَإِنْ أَهْلِكْ أَنَا وَوَلِيُّ عَهْدِي فَمَرْوَانٌ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَا ثُمَّ قَالَ: ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ. وَسَمِعَهُ مَنْ مَعَ مَرْوَانَ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ بَايَعَهُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ حُصَيْنِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ وَرُءُوسَ أَهْلِ حِمْصَ وَالنَّاسَ بَعْدَهُ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَقَرَّ لَهُ الْأَمْرُ رَجَعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ بِحَرَّانَ، وَطَلَبَ مِنْهُ الْأَمَانَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، فَآمَنَهُمَا، فَقَدِمَا عَلَيْهِ، وَكَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ بِتَدْمُرَ بِمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ إِخْوَتِهِ وَأَهْلِ أَبِيهِ وَمَوَالِيهِ الذَّكْوَانِيَّةَ فَبَايَعُوا مَرْوَانَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ. شيء من ترجمة مروان بن محمد أمير المؤمنين بَابُ ذِكْرِ خِلَافَةِ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ وَهُوَ مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَقِيلَ: أَبَا عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَقِيلَ: أَبَا الْوَلِيدِ، أُمُّهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ كُرْدِيَّةٌ، وَقِيلَ: رُومِيَّةٌ، اسْمُهَا مَارِيَةُ الْبَرِمَا، بُويِعَ لَهُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ إِحْدَى وَخَمْسِينَ سَنَةً، وَيُلَقَّبُ بِالْجَعْدِيِّ؛ لِأَنَّ الْجَعْدَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ كَانَ مُؤَدِّبَهُ، وَكَانَ الْجَعْدُ مُتَّهَمًا بِالزَّنْدَقَةِ، فَقَتَلَهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَسْرِيُّ، وَخُصَّ مَرْوَانُ فِي مُلْكِهِ بِأَشْيَاءَ لَمْ تَكُنْ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُ، مِنْهَا الْبَقَرَةُ الَّتِي يُضْرَبُ بِهَا الْمَثَلُ، كَانَ يَقِفُ تَحْتَهُ فِي الْحَرْبِ يَوْمَهُ وَلَيْلَتَهُ لَا يَبُولُ وَلَا يَرُوثُ. قَالَ الْأَصْمَعِيُّ: خُطَبَاءُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ خَمْسَةٌ: مُعَاوِيَةُ، وَعَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ، وَعُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، وَهِشَامٌ، وَمَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ. وَيُلَقَّبُ بِالْحِمَارِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَجِفُّ لَهُ لِبَدٌ فِي مُحَارَبَةِ الْخَارِجِينَ عَلَيْهِ. كَانَ يَصِلُ السُّرَى بِالسَّيْرِ، وَيَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَكَارِهِ الْحَرْبِ. وَيُقَالُ فِي الْمَثَلِ: فُلَانٌ أَصْبَرُ مِنْ حِمَارٍ فِي الْحُرُوبِ؛ فَلِذَلِكَ لُقِّبَ بِهِ، وَقِيلَ: لِأَنَّ الْعَرَبَ تُسَمِّي كُلَّ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ حِمَارًا، فَلَمَّا قَارَبَ مُلْكُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ... لَقَّبُوا مَرْوَانَ بِالْحِمَارِ لِذَلِكَ. وُلِدَ مَرْوَانُ بِالْجَزِيرَةِ، وَأَبُوهُ مُتَوَلِّيهَا، سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ، وَأُمُّهُ: أُمُّ وَلَدٍ. وَوَلِيَ قَبْلَ الْخِلَافَةِ وِلَايَاتٍ جَلِيلَةً، وَافْتَتَحَ قُونِيَّةَ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ وَمِائَةٍ. وَكَانَ مَشْهُورًا بِالْفُرُوسِيَّةِ وَالْإِقْدَامِ وَالرُّجْلَةِ، وَالدَّهَاءِ وَالْعَسْفِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the oath of allegiance to Marwān b. Muḥammad b. Marwān In this year, allegiance was pledged in Damascus to Marwān for the caliphate. The reason for that was that when he entered Damascus and Ibrāhīm b. al-Walīd and Sulaymān fled, those in Damascus from the mawālī of al-Walīd rose against the house of ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. al-Ḥajjāj b. ʿAbd al-Malik and killed him, and they dug up the grave of Yazīd b. al-Walīd and crucified him on the Jābiya Gate. Marwān was brought the two youths al-Ḥakam and ʿUthmān, the two sons of al-Walīd, slain, and Yūsuf b. ʿUmar, and he buried them. Abū Muḥammad al-Sufyānī was brought in his fetters, and he greeted him with the greeting of the caliphate, while Marwān greeted him that day with the greeting of the emirate. Marwān said to him: "Enough!" He said: "They made it yours after the two of them," and he recited to him a poem that al-Ḥakam had composed in prison. The two of them had reached maturity, and one of them, al-Ḥakam, had a child born to him. Al-Ḥakam said: Is there one to convey to Marwān from me and my uncle al-Ghamr, with whom longing has grown long, That I have been wronged, and my people became accomplices in the killing of al-Walīd. Will all of them take my blood and my wealth, so that I get neither lean nor fat? And Marwān is in the land of Banū Nizār, like a lion of the thicket seizing our den. Will my oath of allegiance be broken because of my mother? You had already pledged allegiance before me to a half-breed. If I perish, I and my heir apparent, then Marwān is the Commander of the Faithful. Then he said: "Stretch out your hand and I will pledge allegiance to you." Those with Marwān heard him. The first to pledge allegiance to him was Muʿāwiya b. Yazīd b. Ḥuṣayn b. Numayr and the leaders of the people of Ḥimṣ and the people after him. When the matter was settled for him, he returned to his residence in Ḥarrān, and he sought security from him for Ibrāhīm b. al-Walīd and Sulaymān b. Hishām, and he granted them safety, and they came to him. Sulaymān was at Tadmur with those of his brothers and his father's family and his Dhakwānī mawālī who were with him, and they pledged allegiance to Marwān b. Muḥammad. Something from the biography of Marwān b. Muḥammad, Commander of the Faithful Chapter on the caliphate of Marwān b. Muḥammad b. Marwān He is Marwān b. Muḥammad b. Marwān b. al-Ḥakam, and he is called Abū ʿAbd Allāh; it is said: Abū ʿAbd al-Malik; and it is said: Abū al-Walīd. His mother was an umm walad, a Kurdish woman; it is said: a Byzantine woman; her name was Māriya al-Barimā. Allegiance was pledged to him when he was fifty-one years old. He was nicknamed al-Jaʿdī because al-Jaʿd b. Ibrāhīm was his tutor, and al-Jaʿd was accused of heresy, so Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Qasrī killed him. Marwān was distinguished in his reign by things that no one after him had, among them the cow that is proverbial: he would stand under it in war for his day and night without urinating or defecating. Al-Aṣmaʿī said: The orators of the Banū Umayya are five: Muʿāwiya, ʿAbd al-Malik, ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, Hishām, and Marwān b. Muḥammad. He was nicknamed al-Ḥimār (the donkey) because his saddlecloth never dried in fighting the rebels against him. He would join night travel to marching and endure the hardships of war. It is said in the proverb: "So-and-so is more enduring than a donkey in wars"; therefore he was nicknamed thus. It is said: because the Arabs call every hundred years a donkey, and when the rule of the Banū Umayya approached a hundred years... they nicknamed Marwān al-Ḥimār for that reason. Marwān was born in the Jazīra while his father was its governor, in the year seventy-two, and his mother was an umm walad. Before the caliphate, he held great governorships, and he conquered Qūniya in the year one hundred and five. He was famous for horsemanship, boldness, infantry, cunning, and harshness.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.