Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2539
The Year 114
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي سنة أربع عشرة ومائة مِنَ الْأَكَابِرِ جُعَيْلُ بْنُ مَاعَانَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ جُعَيْلُ بْنُ مَاعَانَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الرُّعَيْنِيُّ ثُمَّ الْقِيَانِيُّ : كَانَ أَحَدَ الْقُرَّاءِ الْفُقَهَاءِ، أَخْرَجَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ مِنْ مِصْرَ إِلَى الْمَغْرِبِ لِيُقْرِئَهُمُ الْقُرْآنَ، وَاسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ بِإِفْرِيقِيَّةَ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، وَلَهُ عَلَيْهِ وِفَادَةٌ. وَقَدْ رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي تَمِيمٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْجَيْشَانِيِّ. وَحَدَّثَ عَنْهُ بَكْرُ بْنُ سَوَادَةَ. عَبْدُ خَيْرِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، أَبُو عُمَارَةَ عَبْدُ خَيْرِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، أَبُو عُمَارَةَ: أَدْرَكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَلْقَهُ، وَسَكَنَ الْكُوفَةَ وَحَدَّثَ بِهَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَشَهِدَ مَعَهُ حَرْبَ الْخَوَارِجِ بِالنَّهْرَوَانِ. رَوَى عَنْهُ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ السَّبِيعِيُّ، وَحَبِيبُ بْنُ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ السُّدِّيُّ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً. عن مُسْهِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ خَيْرٍ: كَمْ أَتَى عَلَيْكَ؟ قَالَ: عِشْرُونَ وَمِائَةُ سَنَةٍ، كُنْتُ غُلَامًا بِبِلَادِنَا بِالْيَمَنِ، فَجَاءَ كِتَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَنُودِيَ فِي النَّاسِ فَخَرَجُوا إِلَى حَيِّزٍ وَاسِعٍ، فَكَانَ أَبِي فِيمَنْ خَرَجَ، فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ النَّهَارُ جَاءَ أَبِي فَقَالَتْ لَهُ أُمِّي: مَا حَبَسَكَ وَهَذِهِ الْقِدْرُ قَدْ بَلَغَتْ وَهَؤُلَاءِ عِيَالُكَ يَتَضَوَّرُونَ يُرِيدُونَ الْغِذَاءَ؟ فَقَالَ: يَا أُمَّ فُلَانٍ، أَسْلَمْنَا فَأَسْلِمِي، وَمُرِي بِهَذَا الْقِدْرِ فَلْتُهْرَقْ لِلْكِلَابِ وَكَانَتْ مَيْتَةً. فَهَذَا مَا أَذْكُرُ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ، أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرُ: بَاقِرُ الْعِلْمِ، تَابِعِيٌّ جَلِيلُ الْقَدْرِ، كَثِيرُ الْعِلْمِ، أَحَدُ أَعْلَامِ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ عِلْمًا وَعَمَلًا وَعِبَادَةً وَنَسَبًا وَشَرَفًا، وَهُوَ أَحَدُ مَنْ تَدَّعِي فِيهِ طَائِفَةُ الشِّيعَةِ أَنَّهُ أَحَدُ الْأَئِمَّةِ الِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ، وَلَمْ يَكُنِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى طَرِيقِهِمْ وَلَا عَلَى مِنْوَالِهِمْ، وَلَا يَدَيْنُ بِمَا وَقَعَ فِي أَذْهَانِهِمْ وَأَوْهَامِهِمْ وَخَيَالِهِمْ، بَلْ كَانَ مِمَّنْ يُقَدِّمُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ وَذَلِكَ عِنْدَهُ صَحِيحٌ فِي الْأَثَرِ، وَقَالَ أَيْضًا: مَا أَدْرَكْتُ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي إِلَّا وَهُوَ يَتَوَلَّاهُمَا. ؓ وَعَنْهُ. وأُمُّهُ أُمُّ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بِنْتُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَوُلِدَ لَهُ جَعْفَرٌ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ مِنْ أُمِّ فَرْوَةَ بِنْتِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ. وَرَوَى أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ، وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ، وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَأَنَسٍ. قَالَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ: لَقِيتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ، فَقُلْتُ: مَا تَقُولُ فِي أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ؟ فَقَالَ: رَحِمَ اللَّهُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّهُ يُقَالُ عِنْدَنَا بِالْعِرَاقِ إِنَّكَ لَتَبْرَأُ مِنْهُمَا، فَقَالَ: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ كَذَبَ مَنْ قَالَ هَذَا عَنِّي، أَوَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ زَوَّجَ ابْنَتَهُ أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ الَّتِي مِنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَجَدَّتُهَا خَدِيجَةُ وَجَدُّهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ. عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،. قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ حِلْيَةِ السُّيُوفِ، قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ قَدْ حَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ سَيْفَهُ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَتَقُولُ الصِّدِّيقُ، فَوَثَبَ وَثْبَةً وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: نَعَمْ الصِّدِّيقُ، نَعَمْ الصِّدِّيقُ، نَعَمْ الصِّدِّيقُ، فَمَنْ لَمْ يَقُلْ لَهُ الصِّدِّيقُ فَلَا صَدَّقَ اللَّهُ لَهُ قَوْلًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَلَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ. قَالَ ابْنُ حُبَيْشٍ: بسنده عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ لِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ: يَا جَابِرُ، بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ قَوْمًا بِالْعِرَاقِ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحِبُّونَا وَيَنَالُونَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ، وَيَزْعُمُونَ أَنِّي أَمَرْتُهُمْ بِذَلِكَ، فَأَبْلْغِهُمْ أَنِّي إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَوْ وُلِّيتُ لَتَقَرَّبْتُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِدِمَائِهِمْ لَا نَالَتْنِي شَفَاعَةُ مُحَمَّدٍ إِنْ لَمْ [أَكُنْ] أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُمَا وَأَتَرَحَّمُ عَلَيْهِمَا. وعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، قَالَ: قَالَ لَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ: يُدْخِلُ أَحَدُكُمْ يَدَهُ فِي كُمِّ صَاحِبِهِ فَيَأْخُذُ مَا يُرِيدُ؟ قُلْنَا: لَا، قَالَ: فَلَسْتُمْ إِخْوَانًا كَمَا تَزْعُمُونَ. تُوُفِّيَ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ، وَقِيلَ: سَبْعَ عَشْرَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسَبْعِينَ سَنَةً، وَأَوْصَى أَنْ يُكَفَّنَ فِي قَمِيصِهِ الَّذِي كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ. الْمُفَضَّلُ بْنُ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُفَضَّلُ بْنُ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ إِيَاسِ بْنِ عَوْفِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، مِنْ وَلَدِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ نِزَارٍ، كَذَلِكَ سَمَّاهُ أَبُو عُمَرَ وَالشَّيْبَانِيُّ، وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا النَّجْمِ: وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ: اسْمُهُ الْفَضْلُ، وَهُوَ مِنْ رُجَّازِ الْإِسْلَامِ الْفُحُولِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِينَ، فِي الطَّبَقَةِ الْأُولَى مِنْهُمْ. قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ: مَا زَالَتِ الشُّعَرَاءُ تُقَصِّرُ بِالرُّجَّازِ حَتَّى قَالَ أَبُو النَّجْمِ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْوَهُوبِ الْمُجْزِلِ وَقَالَ الْعَجَّاجُ: قَدْ جَبَرَ الدِّينَ الْإِلَهُ فَجُبِرَ وَقَالَ رُؤْبَةُ: وَقَاتِمِ الْأَعْمَاقِ خَاوِي الْمُخْتَرَقِ فَانْتَصَفُوا مِنْهُمْ. قَالَ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ: دَخَلَ أَبُو النَّجْمِ عَلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَقَدْ أَتَتْ لَهُ سَبْعُونَ سَنَةً، فَقَالَ لَهُ هِشَامٌ: مَا رَأْيُكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ؟ قَالَ: إِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِنَّ شَزْرًا وَيَنْظُرْنَ إِلَيَّ شَزْرًا، فَوَهَبَ لَهُ جَارِيَةً وَقَالَ: اغْدُ عَلَيَّ فَأَعْلِمْنِي مَا كَانَ مِنْكَ، فَلَمَّا غَدَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: مَا صَنَعْتُ شَيْئًا وَلَا قَدَرْتُ عَلَيْهَا، وَقُلْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَبْيَاتًا وَهِيَ: نَظَرَتْ فَأَعْجَبَهَا الَّذِي فِي دِرْعِهَا مِنْ حُسْنِهِ وَنَظَرْتُ فِي سِرْبَالِيَا فَرَأَتْ لَهَا كَفَلًا يَمِيلُ بِخَصْرِهَا وَعَثَا رَوَادِفُهُ وَأَجْثَمَ رَابِيَا وَرَأَيْتُ مُنْتَشِرَ الْعَجَانِ مُقَلَّصًا رِخْوًا مَفَاصِلُهُ وَجِلْدًا بَالِيَا أُدْنِي لَهُ الرَّكْبَ الْحَلِيقَ كَأَنَّمَا أُدْنِي إِلَيْهِ عَقَارِبًا وَأَفَاعِيَا فَضَحِكَ هِشَامٌ وَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِجَائِزَةٍ. وَقَالَ لَهُ هِشَامٌ: حَدِّثْنِي عَنْكَ، قَالَ: عَرَضَ لِي الْبَوْلُ فَقُمْتُ بِاللَّيْلِ أَبُولُ، فَخَرَجَ مِنِّي صَوْتٌ [فَتَشَدَّدْتُ، ثُمَّ عُدْتُ فَخَرَجَ مِنِّي صَوْتٌ] آخَرُ فَأَوَيْتُ إِلَى فِرَاشِي وَقُلْتُ: يَا أُمَّ الْخِيَارِ، هَلْ سَمِعْتِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَتْ: لَا وَاللَّهِ وَلَا وَاحِدَةً مِنْهُمَا، فَضَحِكَ. وَأُمُّ الْخِيَارِ الَّتِي يَقُولُ فِيهَا: قَدْ أَصْبَحَتْ أُمُّ الْخِيَارِ تَدَّعِي عَلَيَّ دَيْنًا كُلَّهُ لَمْ أَصْنَعِ عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ، وَاسْمُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ: أَسْلَمُ الْمَكِّيُّ، وَهُوَ مَوْلَى الْجُنَيْدِ: وُلِدَ لِسَنَتَيْنِ مَضَتَا مِنْ خِلَافَةِ عُثْمَانَ، وَكَانَ أَسْوَدَ شَدِيدَ السَّوَادِ، أَعْوَرَ أَفْطَسَ أَعْرَجَ، ثُمَّ عَمِيَ فِي آخِرِ عُمْرِهِ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ فَصِيحًا عَالِمًا فَقِيهًا، أَدْرَكَ أَبَا جُحَيْفَةَ وَشَهِدَ جِنَازَةَ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ. وَرَوَى عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، وَابْنِ عَمْرٍو، وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ، وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَزَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ، وَالزُّهْرِيُّ، وَقَتَادَةُ، وَأَيُّوبُ. وَحَجَّ سَبْعِينَ حَجَّةً، وَكَانَ يُنَادِي فِي زَمَنِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ بِمَكَّةَ: لَا يُفْتِ النَّاسَ إِلَّا عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ. عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا يُرِيدُ بِهَذَا الْعِلْمِ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ غَيْرَ هَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةِ: عَطَاءٌ، وَطَاوُوسٌ، وَمُجَاهِدٌ. عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ فَتَحَدَّثَ رَجُلٌ بِحَدِيثٍ فَاعْتَرَضَ لَهُ آخَرُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ، فَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ، مَا هَذِهِ الْأَخْلَاقُ!؟ إِنِّي لَأَسْمَعُ الْحَدِيثَ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ وَأَنَا أَعْلَمُ بِهِ، فَأُرِيهِ أَنِّي لَا أُحْسِنُ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا. عن مُعَلَّى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْنَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُوقَةَ فَقَالَ: أُحَدِّثُكُمْ بِحَدِيثٍ لَعَلَّهُ يَنْفَعُكُمْ، فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ نَفَعَنِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ: قَالَ لَنَا عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ: يَا بَنِي أَخِي، إِنَّ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ كَانُوا يَكْرَهُونَ فُضُولَ الْكَلَامِ، أَتُنْكِرُونَ أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ حَافِظِينَ، أَمَا يَسْتَحِي أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ لَوْ نُشِرَتْ عَلَيْهِ صَحِيفَتُهُ الَّتِي أَمْلَى صَدْرَ نَهَارِهِ، كَانَ أَكْثَرُ مَا فِيهَا لَيْسَ مِنْ أَمْرِ دِينِهِ وَلَا دُنْيَاهُ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ الْأَنْمَاطِيُّ قَالَ: بسنده قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْأَصْمَعِيَّ يَقُولُ: دَخَلَ عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ عَلَى سَرِيرِهِ وَحَوَالَيْهِ الْأَشْرَافُ مِنْ كُلِّ بَطْنٍ، وَذَلِكَ بِمَكَّةَ فِي وَقْتِ حَجِّهِ فِي خِلَافَتِهِ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ وَأَجْلَسَهُ مَعَهُ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ وَقَعَدَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، حَاجَتُكَ؟ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، اتَّقِ اللَّهَ فِي حَرَمِ اللَّهِ وَحَرَمِ رَسُولِهِ، فَتَعَاهَدْهُ بِالْعِمَارَةِ، وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ فِي أَوْلَادِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ فَأَنْتَ بِهِمْ أُجْلِسْتْ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسَ، وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ فِي أَهْلِ الثُّغُورِ، فَإِنَّهُمْ حِصْنُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَتَعَهَّدْ أُمُورَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَإِنَّكَ وَحْدَكَ الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهُمْ، وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ فَيَمَنْ عَلَى بَابِكَ، وَلَا تَغْفُلُ عَنْهُمْ، وَلَا تُغْلِقْ دُونَهُمْ بَابَكَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَفْعَلُ. ثُمَّ نَهَضَ فَقَبَضَ عَلَيْهِ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، إِنَّمَا سَأَلْتَنَا حَوَائِجَ غَيْرِكَ، وَقَدْ قَضَيْنَاهَا، فَمَا حَاجَتُكَ؟ فَقَالَ: مَا لِي إِلَى مَخْلُوقٍ حَاجَةٌ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ: هَذَا وَأَبِيكَ الشَّرَفُ، هَذَا وَأَبِيكَ السُّؤْدَدُ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَقِّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ قَالَ: بسنده قَالَ: قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْحَرْبِيُّ: كَانَ عَطَاءٌ عَبْدًا أَسْوَدَ لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، وَكَانَ أَنْفُهُ كَأَنَّهُ بَاقِلَاءُ. قَالَ: وَجَاءَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى عَطَاءٍ هُوَ وَابْنَاهُ، فَجَلَسُوا إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى انْفَتَلَ إِلَيْهِمَا، فَمَا زَالُوا يَسْأَلُونَهُ عَنْ مَنَاسِكِ الْحَجِّ، وَقَدْ حَوَّلَ قَفَاهُ إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ لِابْنَيْهِ: قُومَا. فَقَامَا، فَقَالَ: يَا بَنِيَّ لَا تَنِيَا فِي طَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ، فَإِنِّي لَا أَنْسَى ذُلَّنَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ هَذَا الْعَبْدِ الْأَسْوَدِ. أَنْبَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ خَيْرُونَ بسنده عن عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيُّ قَالَ: انْطَلَقْتُ مَعَ أَبِي وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ هِشَامَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، فَلَمَّا قَرَّبْنَا إِذَا بِشَيْخٍ أَسْوَدَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ، عَلَيْهِ قَمِيصٌ دَنِسٌ، وَجُبَّةٌ دَنِسَةٌ، وَقَلَنْسُوَةٌ لَاطِيَةٌ دَنِسَةٌ، وَرِكَابَاهُ مِنْ خَشَبٍ. فَضَحِكْتُ وَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي: مَنْ هَذَا الْأَعْرَابِيُّ؟ قَالَ: اسْكُتْ، هَذَا سَيِّدُ فُقَهَاءِ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ، هَذَا عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ. فَلَمَّا قَرُبَ نَزَلَ أَبِي عَنْ بَغْلَتِهِ، وَنَزَلَ هُوَ عَنْ حِمَارِهِ، فَاعْتَنَقَا وَتَسَالَا، ثُمَّ عَادَا فَرَكِبَا فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى وَقَفَا بِبَابِ هِشَامٍ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ أَبِي سَأَلْتُهُ، فَقُلْتُ: حَدِّثْنِي مَا كَانَ مِنْكُمَا. قَالَ: لَمَّا قِيلَ لِهِشَامٍ عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ [بِالْبَابِ] أَذِنَ لَهُ، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا دَخَلْتُ إِلَّا بِسَبَبِهِ. فَلَمَّا رَآهُ هِشَامٌ قَالَ: مَرْحَبًا مَرْحَبًا هَاهُنَا هَاهُنَا. فَرَفَعَهُ حَتَّى مَسَّتْ رُكْبَتُهُ رُكَبَهُ، وَعِنْدَهُ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ، فَسَكَتُوا. فَقَالَ هِشَامٌ: مَا حَاجَتُكَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَهْلُ الْحَرَمَيْنِ، أَهْلُ اللَّهِ، وَجِيرَانُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقْسِمُ فِيهِمْ أُعْطِيَاتِهِمْ وَأَرْزَاقَهُمْ، قَالَ: نَعَمْ، يَا غُلَامُ اكْتُبْ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ بِعَطَاءَيْنِ وَأَرْزَاقَهُمْ لِسَنَةٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَلْ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرِهَا يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَهْلُ الْحِجَازِ، وَأَهْلُ نَجْدٍ، أَصْلُ الْعَرَبِ، تُرَدُّ فِيهِمْ [فُضُولُ] صَدَقَاتِهِمْ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، يَا غُلَامُ اكْتُبْ بِأَنْ تُرَدَّ فِيهِمْ صَدَقَاتُهُمْ. قَالَ: هَلْ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرِهَا يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَهْلُ الثُّغُورِ يَرْمُونَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ بَيْضَتِكُمْ، وَيُقَاتِلُونَ عَدُوَّكُمْ، قَدْ أَجْرَيْتُمْ لَهُمْ أَرْزَاقًا تُدِرُّهَا عَلَيْهِمْ، فَإِنَّهُمْ إِنْ هَلَكُوا أَغَرْتُمْ. قَالَ: نَعَمْ، اكْتُبْ بِحَمْلِ أَرْزَاقِهِمْ إِلَيْهِمْ يَا غُلَامُ، هَلْ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرِهَا يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَهْلُ ذِمَّتِكُمْ يَحْيَى صِغَارُهُمْ وَلَا يُتَعْتَعُ كِبَارُهُمْ، وَلَا يُكَلِّفُونَ إِلَّا مَا يُطِيقُونَ. قَالَ: نَعَمْ، اكْتُبْ لَهُمْ يَا غُلَامُ، هَلْ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرِهَا يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، اتَّقِ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِكَ، فَإِنَّكَ خُلِقْتَ وَحْدَكَ، وَتَمُوتُ وَحْدَكَ، وَتُحْشَرُ وَحْدَكَ، وَتُحَاسَبُ وَحْدَكَ، وَلَا وَاللَّهِ مَا مَعَكَ مِمَّنْ تَرَى أَحَدًا. قَالَ: فَأَكَبَّ هِشَامٌ وَقَامَ عَطَاءٌ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ عِنْدَ الْبَابِ إِذَا رَجُلٌ قَدْ تَبِعَهُ بِكِيسٍ مَا أَدْرِي مَا فِيهِ، أَدَرَاهِمُ أَمْ دَنَانِيرُ. فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَمَرَ لَكَ بِهَذَا. فَقَالَ: لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِنَّ أَجْرِي إِلَّا عَلَى رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَطَاءٌ، فَلَا وَاللَّهِ مَا شَرِبَ عِنْدَهُ حُسْوَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ فَمَا فَوْقَهُ. تُوُفِّيَ عَطَاءٌ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ. وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَمَانٍ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً. وَقِيلَ: بَلْ عَاشَ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ. وَالْحَكَمُ بْنُ عُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ النَّهَّاسِ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ وَالْحَكَمُ بْنُ عُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ النَّهَّاسِ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ، وَهُوَ مَوْلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ، وَمَوْلِدُهُ سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ. عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُرَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْبِ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ وَفِيهَا تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُرَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْبِ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ قَاضِي مَرْوَ ، وَكَانَ مَوْلِدُهُ لِثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ مَضَتْ مِنْ خِلَافَةِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of those among the notables who died in the year one hundred and fourteen. Juʿayl b. Māʿān b. ʿUmayr, Abū Saʿīd al-Ruʿaynī then al-Qiyānī: He was one of the Qurʾān reciters and jurists. ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz sent him from Egypt to the Maghrib to teach them the Qurʾān, and Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik appointed him as judge in Ifrīqiya. He had come as a delegate to him. He narrated from Abū Tamīm ʿAbd Allāh b. Mālik al-Jayshānī. Bakr b. Sawāda narrated from him. ʿAbd Khayr b. Yazīd, Abū ʿUmāra: He lived in the time of the Prophet ﷺ but did not meet him. He resided in Kufa and narrated there from ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, and he fought alongside him against the Kharijites at al-Nahrawān. Abū Isḥāq al-Sabīʿī, Ḥabīb b. Abī Thābit, and Ismāʿīl al-Suddī narrated from him. He was trustworthy. Mus-hir b. ʿAbd al-Malik said: My father narrated to me, saying: I said to ʿAbd Khayr: How old are you? He said: One hundred and twenty years. I was a boy in our land in Yemen when the Prophet's ﷺ letter came, and it was proclaimed among the people. They went out to a wide open space, and my father was among those who went out. When the day grew bright, my father came, and my mother said to him: What kept you? This cooking pot has come to a boil and these are your dependents, writhing in hunger, wanting food. He said: O mother of so-and-so, we have embraced Islam, so embrace Islam, and order this pot to be poured out for the dogs, for it was carrion. This is what I remember of the affairs of the Jāhiliyya. Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ, Abū Jaʿfar al-Bāqir: The splitter of knowledge, a Tābiʿī of great rank, abundant in knowledge, one of the luminaries of this community in knowledge, deed, worship, lineage, and honor. He is one of those whom a faction of the Shīʿa claims was one of the twelve imams, but the man was not upon their path or their manner, nor did he hold the beliefs that are in their minds, delusions, and imaginings. Rather, he was among those who gave precedence to Abū Bakr and ʿUmar, and that is sound in his view according to the reports. He also said: I have not met anyone from my family except that he loved the two of them. ؓ And from him. His mother was Umm ʿAbd Allāh bt. al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib. To him were born Jaʿfar and ʿAbd Allāh from Umm Farwa bt. al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq. Abū Jaʿfar narrated from Jābir, Abū Saʿīd, Abū Hurayra, Ibn ʿAbbās, and Anas. Abū Ḥanīfa said: I met Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAlī and said: What do you say about Abū Bakr and ʿUmar? He said: May God have mercy on Abū Bakr and ʿUmar. I said: It is said among us in Iraq that you disavow them. He said: God forbid! Whoever said this about me has lied. Do you not know that ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib married his daughter Umm Kulthūm, who was from Fāṭima bt. the Messenger of God ﷺ, to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb? Her grandmother was Khadīja and her grandfather was the Messenger of God ﷺ. From ʿUrwa b. ʿAbd Allāh: He said: I asked Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAlī about decorating swords. He said: There is no harm in it. Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq decorated his sword. I said: And do you say al-Ṣiddīq? He jumped up and faced the qibla, then said: Yes, al-Ṣiddīq, yes, al-Ṣiddīq, yes, al-Ṣiddīq. Whoever does not call him al-Ṣiddīq, may God never confirm any word of his in this world or the next. Ibn Ḥubaysh said with his chain from Jābir: He said: Muḥammad b. ʿAlī said to me: O Jābir, it has reached me that some people in Iraq claim that they love us and disparage Abū Bakr and ʿUmar, and they claim that I commanded them to do that. Convey to them that I am innocent before God of them. By Him in whose hand is the soul of Muḥammad, if I were given authority, I would draw near to God, mighty and glorious, by shedding their blood. May the intercession of Muḥammad not reach me if I do not seek forgiveness for the two of them and have mercy upon them. From ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Walīd: He said: Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAlī said to us: Would any of you put his hand into his companion's sleeve and take what he wants? We said: No. He said: Then you are not brothers as you claim. Muḥammad died in this year. It is also said: in the year one hundred and eighteen, and it is said: one hundred and seventeen, at the age of seventy-three. He left instructions to be shrouded in the shirt in which he used to pray. Al-Mufaḍḍal b. Qudāma b. ʿUbayd Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUbayda b. al-Ḥārith b. Iyās b. ʿAwf b. Rabīʿa, of the descendants of Rabīʿa b. Nizār, as Abū ʿUmar and al-Shaybānī named him, and he was given the kunya Abū al-Najm: Ibn al-Aʿrābī said: His name was al-Faḍl. He was one of the great early rajz poets of Islam, in the first rank among them. Abū ʿUbayda said: The poets kept belittling the rajz poets until Abū al-Najm said: Praise be to God, the munificent Bestower. And al-ʿAjjāj said: God has set right the religion, so it was set right. And Ruʾba said: And one with dark depths, empty of what is traversed. So they gained their due from them. Al-Madāʾinī said: Abū al-Najm entered upon Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik when he had reached seventy years of age. Hishām said to him: What is your view of women? He said: I look at them askance, and they look at me askance. So Hishām gave him a slave girl and said: Come to me in the morning and tell me what happened between you. When he came to him in the morning, he said: I did nothing and was unable to do anything with her, and I composed some verses about that: She looked, and what was in his armor pleased her by its beauty, and I looked at my garments. She saw a plumpness that swayed with her waist, and his haunches were sluggish and heavy. And I saw a spread perineum, contracted, with loose joints and worn-out skin. I brought the shaved knee to it as if I were bringing scorpions and vipers to it. Hishām laughed and ordered a reward for him. Hishām said to him: Tell me about yourself. He said: I needed to urinate, so I got up at night to urinate. A sound came out of me, so I strained, then I returned and another sound came out of me, so I went to my bed and said: O Umm al-Khiyār, did you hear anything? She said: No, by God, not one of them. He laughed. Umm al-Khiyār is the one about whom he says: Umm al-Khiyār has begun to claim against me a debt, all of which I did not incur. ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ, Abū Muḥammad, and his father Abū Rabāḥ's name was Aslam, the Makkan, a client of al-Junad: He was born two years into the caliphate of ʿUthmān. He was very black, one-eyed, flat-nosed, and lame, then he became blind in the last part of his life, but he was eloquent, learned, and a jurist. He met Abū Juḥayfa and attended the funeral of Zayd b. Arqam. He narrated from Ibn ʿUmar, Ibn ʿAmr, Abū Saʿīd, Abū Hurayra, Zayd b. Khālid, Ibn ʿAbbās, and Ibn al-Zubayr. Narrated from him: ʿAmr b. Dīnār, al-Zuhrī, Qatāda, and Ayyūb. He performed the pilgrimage seventy times. In the time of the Umayyads it was proclaimed in Makkah: No one may give legal opinions to the people except ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ, and if he is not available, then ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Najīḥ. From Salama b. Kuhayl, who said: I have not seen anyone who sought by this knowledge the face of God other than these three: ʿAṭāʾ, Ṭāwūs, and Mujāhid. From Muʿādh b. Saʿīd, who said: We were with ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ when a man related a tradition and another man interrupted him in his tradition. ʿAṭāʾ said: Glory be to God! What are these manners? I hear the tradition from a man while I know it better than he, but I make him think that I do not know any of it. From Muʿallā b. ʿUbayd, who said: We entered upon Muḥammad b. Sūqa, and he said: I will relate to you a tradition that may benefit you, for it has benefited me. Then he said: ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ said to us: O sons of my brother, those before you used to dislike excessive speech. Do you deny that there are watchers over you? Is one of you not ashamed that if his scroll, which he filled throughout the first part of his day, were unrolled before him, most of what is in it would not pertain to his religion or his worldly affairs? ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. al-Mubārak al-Anmāṭī reported to us, saying with his chain: He said: I heard al-Aṣmaʿī say: ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ entered upon ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān while he was sitting on his throne, with nobles from every tribe around him. That was in Makkah at the time of his pilgrimage during his caliphate. When he saw him, he rose to him, seated him with him on the throne, and sat before him. He said to him: O Abū Muḥammad, what is your need? He said: O Commander of the Faithful, fear God regarding the sanctuary of God and the sanctuary of His Messenger, and maintain it with proper care. Fear God regarding the children of the Muhājirūn and the Anṣār, for it is by them that you were seated in this assembly. Fear God regarding the people of the frontier fortresses, for they are the shield of the Muslims. Attend to the affairs of the Muslims, for you alone are responsible for them. Fear God regarding those at your gate; do not neglect them, and do not shut your gate against them. He said to him: I will do it. Then he rose, but ʿAbd al-Malik grasped him and said: O Abū Muḥammad, you have asked us for the needs of others, and we have fulfilled them; so what is your need? He said: I have no need of any creature. Then he went out. ʿAbd al-Malik said: This, by your father, is nobility; this, by your father, is mastery. ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq b. ʿAbd al-Khāliq reported to us, saying with his chain: He said: Ibrāhīm al-Ḥarbī said: ʿAṭāʾ was a black slave belonging to a woman of the people of Makkah, and his nose was like a broad bean. He said: Sulaymān b. ʿAbd al-Malik, the Commander of the Faithful, came to ʿAṭāʾ with his two sons. They sat before him while he was praying. When he finished praying, he turned to them, and they kept asking him about the rites of the pilgrimage while he had turned his back to them. Then Sulaymān said to his two sons: Rise. They rose, and he said: O my sons, do not be remiss in seeking knowledge, for I shall never forget our humiliation before this black slave. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Khayrūn reported to us with his chain from ʿUthmān b. ʿAṭāʾ al-Khurāsānī, who said: I set out with my father while he was going to Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik. When we drew near, there was a black old man on a donkey, wearing a dirty shirt, a dirty cloak, and a close-fitting dirty cap, with wooden stirrups. I laughed and said to my father: Who is this bedouin? He said: Be quiet. This is the master of the jurists of the people of the Hijaz. This is ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ. When he drew near, my father dismounted from his mule, and he dismounted from his donkey. They embraced and asked each other about their affairs, then they mounted again and went off until they stopped at Hishām's gate. When my father returned, I asked him, saying: Tell me what happened between you two. He said: When Hishām was told that ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ was at the gate, he gave him permission, and by God, I entered only because of him. When Hishām saw him, he said: Welcome! Welcome! Here! Here! He raised him until his knee touched his knee, while the nobles of the people were around him talking, and they fell silent. Hishām said: What is your need, O Abū Muḥammad? He said: O Commander of the Faithful, the people of the two sanctuaries are the people of God and the neighbors of the Messenger of God ﷺ. Distribute among them their stipends and provisions. He said: Yes. O boy, write for the people of Madinah and the people of Makkah two stipends and their provisions for a year. Then he said: Is there any need other than this, O Abū Muḥammad? He said: Yes, O Commander of the Faithful, the people of the Hijaz and the people of Najd are the origin of the Arabs. Return to them the surplus of their alms. He said: Yes. O boy, write that their alms are to be returned to them. He said: Is there any need other than this, O Abū Muḥammad? He said: Yes, O Commander of the Faithful, the people of the frontier fortresses shoot from behind your defenses and fight your enemy. You have assigned them provisions that you send to them, for if they perish, you will be raided. He said: Yes. O boy, write that their provisions are to be sent to them. Is there any other need, O Abū Muḥammad? He said: Yes, O Commander of the Faithful, the people of your protected covenant: let their children live, do not oppress their elders, and do not burden them beyond what they can bear. He said: Yes. O boy, write for them. Is there any other need, O Abū Muḥammad? He said: Yes, O Commander of the Faithful, fear God regarding yourself, for you were created alone, you will die alone, you will be gathered alone, and you will be judged alone. By God, none of those you see will be with you. He said: Hishām bowed his head, and ʿAṭāʾ rose. When he was at the gate, a man followed him with a purse, I do not know what was in it, whether dirhams or dinars. He said: The Commander of the Faithful ordered this for you. He said: I ask you no reward for it; my reward is only upon the Lord of the worlds. He said: Then ʿAṭāʾ went out, and by God, he did not drink at his place even a sip of water or more. ʿAṭāʾ died in this year. It is also said: in the year one hundred and fourteen. He was eighty-eight years old. It is also said: he lived one hundred years. Al-Ḥakam b. ʿUtayba b. al-Nahhās, Abū Muḥammad, a client of a woman of Kinda, was born in the year fifty. ʿAbd Allāh b. Burayda b. al-Ḥuṣayb al-Aslamī: In this year died ʿAbd Allāh b. Burayda b. al-Ḥuṣayb al-Aslamī, the judge of Marw. He was born three years into the caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.