Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2494
The Year 106
غَزْوِ مُسْلِمٍ التُّرْكَ ثُمَّ قَطَعَ مُسْلِمٌ النَّهْرَ، وَلَحِقَ بِهِ مَنْ لَحِقَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ بُخَارَى أَتَاهُ كِتَابُ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بِوِلَايَتِهِ الْعِرَاقَ، وَيَأْمُرُهُ بِإِتْمَامِ غَزَاتِهِ. فَسَارَ إِلَى فَرْغَانَةَ، فَلَمَّا وَصَلَهَا بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ خَاقَانَ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ، وَأَنَّهُ فِي مَوْضِعٍ ذَكَرُوهُ، فَارْتَحَلَ، فَسَارَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَاحِلَ فِي يَوْمٍ، وَأَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ خَاقَانُ، فَلَقِيَ طَائِفَةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَصَابَ دَوَابَّ لِمُسْلِمٍ، وَقَتَلَ جَمَاعَةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَقُتِلَ الْمُسَيَّبُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الرِّيَاحَيُّ، وَالْبَرَاءُ، وَكَانَ مِنْ فُرْسَانِ الْمُهَلَّبِ، وَقُتِلَ أَخُو غَوْزَكَ، وَثَارَ النَّاسُ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ فَأَخْرَجُوهُمْ مِنَ الْعَسْكَرِ، وَرَحَلَ مُسْلِمٌ بِالنَّاسِ، فَسَارَ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَهُمْ مُطِيفُونَ بِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ التَّاسِعَةُ أَرَادُوا النُّزُولَ، فَشَاوَرُوا النَّاسَ، فَأَشَارَ بِهِ وَقَالُوا: إِذَا أَصْبَحْنَا وَرْدَنَا الْمَاءَ [ وَالْمَاءُ ] مِنَّا غَيْرُ بَعِيدٍ. فَنَزَلُوا وَلَمْ يَرْفَعُوا بِنَاءً فِي الْعَسْكَرِ، وَأَحْرَقَ النَّاسُ مَا ثَقُلَ مِنَ الْآنِيَةِ وَالْأَمْتِعَةِ، فَحَرَقُوا مَا قِيمَتُهُ أَلْفُ أَلْفٍ، وَأَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ، فَسَارُوا، فَوَرَدُوا النَّهْرَ، وَأَهْلُ فَرْغَانَةَ وَالشَّاشِ دُونَهُ، فَقَالَ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: أَعْزِمُ عَلَى كُلِّ رَجُلٍ إِلَّا اخْتَرَطَ سَيْفَهُ، فَفَعَلُوا وَصَارَتِ الدُّنْيَا كُلُّهَا سُيُوفًا، فَتَرَكُوا الْمَاءَ وَعَبَرُوا. فَأَقَامَ يَوْمًا، ثُمَّ قَطَعَ مِنْ غَدٍ، وَاتَّبَعَهُمُ ابْنٌ لِخَاقَانَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَهُوَ عَلَى السَّاقَةِ: قِفْ لِي فَإِنَّ خَلْفِي مِائَتَيْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ التُّرْكِ حَتَّى أُقَاتِلَهُمْ، وَهُوَ مُثْقَلٌ جِرَاحَةً، فَوَقَفَ النَّاسُ، وَعَطَفَ عَلَى التُّرْكِ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ، وَأُسِرَ أَهْلُ الصُّغْدِ وَقَائِدُهُمْ وَقَائِدُ التُّرْكِ فِي سَبْعَةٍ، وَمَضَى الْبَقِيَّةُ، وَرَجَعَ حُمَيْدٌ، فَرُمِيَ بِنُشَّابَةٍ فِي رُكْبَتِهِ، فَمَاتَ. وَعَطِشَ النَّاسُ، وَكَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ الْعَامِرِيُّ حَمَلَ عِشْرِينَ قِرْبَةً عَلَى إِبِلِهِ، فَسَقَاهَا النَّاسَ جُرَعًا جُرَعًا، وَاسْتَسْقَى مُسْلِمُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، فَأَتَوْهُ بِإِنَاءٍ، فَأَخَذَهُ جَابِرٌ أَوْ حَارِثَةُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ أَخُو سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ مِنْ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ مُسْلِمٌ: دَعُوهُ فَمَا نَازَعَنِي شَرْبَتِي إِلَّا مِنْ حَرٍّ دَخَلَهُ. وَأَتَوْا خُجَنْدَةَ، وَقَدْ أَصَابَهُمْ مَجَاعَةٌ وَجَهْدٌ، فَانْتَشَرَ النَّاسُ، فَإِذَا فَارِسَانِ يَسْأَلَانِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ، فَأَتَيَاهُ بِعَهْدِهِ عَلَى خُرَاسَانَ مِنْ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخِي خَالِدٍ، فَأَقْرَأَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ مُسْلِمًا، فَقَالَ: سَمْعًا وَطَاعَةً. وَكَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ أَوَّلَ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ الْخِيَامَ فِي مَفَازَةِ آمُلَ. قَالَ الْخَزْرَجُ التَّغْلَبِيُّ: قَاتَلْنَا التُّرْكَ، فَأَحَاطُوا بِنَا حَتَّى أَيْقَنَّا بِالْهَلَاكِ، فَحَمَلَ حَوْثَرَةُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ بْنِ الْخُنَيْفِ عَلَى التُّرْكِ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافٍ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ رَجَعَ، وَأَقْبَلَ نَصْرُ بْنُ سَيَّارٍ فِي ثَلَاثِينَ فَارِسًا، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ حَتَّى أَزَالَهُمْ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهِمْ، فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمُ النَّاسُ، فَانْهَزَمَ التُّرْكُ، وَحَوْثَرَةُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَخِي رَقَبَةَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ. قِيلَ: وَكَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ هُبَيْرَةَ قَالَ لِمُسْلِمِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ حِينَ وَلَّاهُ: لِيَكُنْ حَاجِبُكَ مِنْ صَالِحِ مُوَالِيكَ، فَإِنَّهُ لِسَانُكَ وَالْمُعَبِّرُ عَنْكَ، وَعَلَيْكَ بِعُمَّالِ الْعُذْرِ. قَالَ: وَمَا عُمَّالُ الْعُذْرِ ؟ قَالَ: تَأْمُرُ أَهْلَ كُلِّ بَلَدٍ أَنْ يَخْتَارُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ، فَإِنْ كَانَ خَيْرًا كَانَ لَكَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ شَرًّا كَانَ لَهُمْ دُونَكَ، وَكُنْتَ مَعْذُورًا. وَكَانَ عَلَى خَاتَمِ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ تَوْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ أَسَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ خُرَاسَانَ جَعَلَهُ عَلَى خَاتَمِهِ أَيْضًا.
Translation
✧ Muslim's campaign against the Turks Then Muslim crossed the river, and those of his companions who had stayed behind joined him. When he reached Bukhārā, a letter from Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh reached him appointing him over Iraq and ordering him to complete his campaign. He then marched to Farghānah. When he arrived there, he learned that the Khāqān had advanced towards him and was at a place they mentioned. He set out and traveled three stages in a single day. The Khāqān advanced against them, encountered a contingent of the Muslims, seized some of Muslim's mounts, killed a number of the Muslims, and al-Musayyab b. Bishr al-Riyāḥī was killed, as was al-Barāʾ, who had been one of al-Muhallab's horsemen, and the brother of Ghawzak was killed. The people rose to face them and drove them out of the camp. Muslim then moved on with the people and traveled for eight days while they surrounded them. On the ninth day, they wanted to halt, so they consulted the people. He indicated it himself and they said: "When morning comes, we will reach the water, and the water is not far from us." So they halted and did not erect any structure in the camp. The people burned what was heavy of vessels and goods, and they burned what was worth a million. The people arose in the morning and set out, and they reached the river. The people of Farghānah and al-Shāsh were before it. Muslim b. Saʿīd said: "I adjure every man to draw his sword." They did so, and the whole world became swords. They left the water and crossed. He stayed one day, then crossed the next day. A son of the Khāqān pursued them, so Ḥumayd b. ʿAbd Allāh, who was in command of the rear guard, sent word to him: "Halt for me, for behind me are two hundred men of the Turks until I fight them," while he was weighed down by wounds. The people halted, and he turned upon the Turks and fought them. The people of al-Ṣughd and their commander and the commander of the Turks were captured among seven, and the rest went on. Ḥumayd returned and was shot by an arrow in his knee, and he died. The people became thirsty. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-ʿĀmirī had loaded twenty waterskins on his camels and gave the people water in small sips. Muslim b. Saʿīd asked for water, and they brought him a vessel. Jābir, or Ḥārithah b. Kathīr, the brother of Sulaymān b. Kathīr, took it from his mouth. Muslim said: "Leave him; no one wrested my drink from me except because of heat that entered him." They came to Khujandah, having suffered hunger and hardship. The people dispersed, and there were two horsemen asking about ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Nuʿaym. They came to him with his appointment over Khurāsān from Asad b. ʿAbd Allāh, the brother of Khālid. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān read it to Muslim, and he said: "We hear and obey." ʿAbd al-Raḥmān was the first to set up tents in the desert of Āmul. Al-Khazraj al-Taghlibī said: We fought the Turks, and they surrounded us until we were certain of destruction. Ḥawtharah b. Yazīd b. al-Ḥurr b. al-Khunayf charged against the Turks with four thousand men and fought them for a while, then returned. Naṣr b. Sayyār came forward with thirty horsemen and fought them until he drove them from their positions. The people then charged them, and the Turks fled. Ḥawtharah was the nephew of Raqabah b. al-Ḥurr. It is said: ʿUmar b. Hubayrah said to Muslim b. Saʿīd when he appointed him: "Let your chamberlain be from among your righteous clients, for he is your tongue and the one who speaks on your behalf. And hold to the agents of excuse." Muslim said: "And what are the agents of excuse?" He said: "Command the people of each town to choose for themselves. If it is good, it is for you; if it is evil, it is for them rather than you, and you will be excused." Tawbah b. Abī Saʿīd was in charge of Muslim b. Saʿīd's seal, and when Asad b. ʿAbd Allāh took charge of Khurāsān, he placed him in charge of his seal as well.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.