Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2330
Then the Year Seventy-Seven Began
حروب المهلب بن أبي صفرة والخوارج من الأزارقة وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ كَانَتْ حُرُوبٌ كَثِيرَةٌ جِدًّا بَيْنَ الْمُهَلَّبِ بْنِ أَبِي صُفْرَةَ نَائِبِ الْحَجَّاجِ، وَبَيْنَ الْخَوَارِجِ مِنَ الْأَزَارِقَةِ، وَأَمِيرِهِمْ قَطَرِيِّ بْنِ الْفُجَاءَةِ، وَكَانَ أَيْضًا مِنَ الْفُرْسَانِ الشُّجْعَانِ الْمَذْكُورِينَ الْمَشْهُورِينَ، وَقَدْ تَفَرَّقَ عَنْهُ أَصْحَابُهُ، وَنَفَرُوا فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَأَمَّا هُوَ فَشَرَدَ فِي الْأَرْضِ لَا يُدْرَى أَيْنَ ذَهَبَ، وَقَدْ جَرَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ مُنَاوَشَاتٌ وَمُجَاوَلَاتٌ يَطُولُ بَسْطُهَا وَاسْتِقْصَاؤُهَا، وَقَدْ بَالَغَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ فِي ذِكْرِهَا. خروج بكير بن وشاح على أمية بن عبد الله بن خالد قَالَ: وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ ثَارَ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ وِشَاحٍ الَّذِي كَانَ نَائِبَ خُرَاسَانَ، عَلَى نَائِبِهَا أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ أُسَيْدٍ - كَمَا سَيَأْتِي - وَذَلِكَ أَنْ بُكَيْرًا اسْتَجَاشَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسَ، وَغَدَرَ بِهِ وَقَتَلَهُ، وَقَدْ جَرَتْ بَيْنَهُمَا خُطُوبٌ طَوِيلَةٌ، قَدِ اسْتَقْصَاهَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - فِي تَارِيخِهِ. . عبور أمية نهر بلخ للغزو فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ عَبَرَ أُمَيَّةُ نَهْرَ بَلْخٍ لِلْغَزْوِ، فَحُوصِرَ حَتَّى جَهِدَ هُوَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ ، ثُمَّ نَجَوْا بَعْدَمَا أَشْرَفُوا عَلَى الْهَلَاكِ، وَرَجَعُوا إِلَى مَرْوَ. من حج بالناس هذه السنة وَحَجَّ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ بِالنَّاسِ أَبَانُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمَدِينَةِ . وَكَانَ عَلَى الْكُوفَةِ وَالْبَصْرَةِ الْحَجَّاجُ، وَعَلَى خُرَاسَانَ أُمَيَّةُ . غزو الصائفة وَغَزَا هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ الصَّائِفَةَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ. هلاك قطري وعبد رب الكبير وعبيدة بن هلال وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ هَلَكَ قَطَرِيٌّ، وَعَبْدُ رَبِّ الْكَبِيرِ، وَعُبَيْدَةُ بْنُ هِلَالٍ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَزَارِقَةِ . وَقِيلَ: بَلْ كَانَ هَلَاكُهُمْ فِي سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَسَبْعَيْنِ. وَسَبَبُ هَلَاكِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا اخْتَلَفُوا، وَتَوَجَّهَ قَطَرِيٌّ إِلَى طَبَرِسْتَانَ، وَوَجَّهَ الْحَجَّاجُ جَيْشًا مَعَ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ الْأَبْرَدِ، فَاتَّبَعَهُمْ، فَلَحِقَ قَطَرِيًّا فِي شِعَابِ طَبَرِسْتَانَ، فَقَاتَلُوهُ فَتَفَرَّقَ عَنْهُ أَصْحَابُهُ، وَوَقَعَ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ فِي أَسْفَلِ الشِّعْبِ فَتَدَهْدَى إِلَى أَسْفَلِهِ. فَأَتَاهُ عِلْجٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَلَدِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ قَطَرِيٌّ: اسْقِنِي مَاءً، فَقَالَ: أَعْطِنِي شَيْئًا حَتَّى أَسْقِيَكَ، قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ، وَاللَّهِ مَا مَعِي إِلَّا مَا تَرَى مِنْ سِلَاحِي، فَأَشْرَفَ الْعِلْجُ عَلَيْهِ وَحَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ حَجَرًا عَظِيمًا فَأَصَابَ إِحْدَى وِرْكَيْهِ فَأَوْهَنَهُ، وَصَاحَ بِالنَّاسِ، فَأَقْبَلُوا فَقَتَلُوهُ. فَبَعَثَ سُفْيَانُ بِرَأْسِهِ مَعَ أَبِي جَهْمِ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ، ثُمَّ أَتَى بِهِ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ سُفْيَانَ أَقْبَلَ إِلَى عَسْكَرِ عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ هِلَالٍ وَقَدْ تَحَصَّنَ فِي قَصْرٍ بِقَوْمَسَ فَأَحَاطَ بِهِ وَبِأَصْحَابِهِ، فَجَهِدُوا حَتَّى أَكَلُوا دَوَابَّهُمْ، ثُمَّ خَرَجُوا فَقَاتَلُوهُ فَقَتَلَهُمْ، وَبَعَثَ بِرُءُوسِهِمْ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ. خروج مطرف بن المغيرة على الحجاج وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ خَرَجَ مُطَرِّفُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ، وَخَلَعَ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ بْنَ مَرْوَانَ، وَلَحِقَ بِالْجَبَلِ فَقُتِلَ . وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْحَجَّاجَ وَلَّى أَوْلَادَ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَاسْتَعْمَلَ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَلَى الْكُوفَةِ، وَمُطَرِّفً عَلَى الْمَدَائِنِ، وَحَمْزَةَ عَلَى هَمْدَانَ. وَأَقْبَلَ شَبِيبٌ الْخَارِجِيُّ إِلَى الْمَدَائِنِ، فَكَتَبَ مُطَرِّفٌ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ بِخَبَرِهِ، فَأَمَدَّهُ بِالرِّجَالِ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ شَبِيبٌ بِهَرْسِيرَ قَطَعَ مُطَرِّفٌ الْجِسْرَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ، وَبَعَثَ إِلَى شَبِيبٍ: ابْعَثْ رِجَالًا مِنْ صُلَحَاءِ أَصْحَابِكَ أُدَارِسُهُمُ الْقُرْآنَ فَأَنْظُرُ مَا تَدْعُونَ إِلَيْهِ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ: ابْعَثْ إِلَيَّ رِجَالًا يَكُونُونَ عِنْدِي حَتَّى تَرُدَّ أَصْحَابِي، فَقَالَ لَهُ: كَيْفَ آمَنُكَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِي، وَأَنْتَ لَا تَأْمَنُنِي عَلَى أَصْحَابِكَ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّكَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّنَا لَا نَسْتَحِلُّ فِي دِينِنَا الْغَدْرَ وَأَنْتُمْ تَفْعَلُونَهُ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ رِجَالًا وَبَعَثُوا إِلَيْهِ رِجَالًا، فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِمْ: إِلَى مَا تَدْعُونَ؟ فَقَالُوا: إِلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ، وَالَّذِي نَقَمْنَا عَلَى قَوْمِنَا الِاسْتِئْثَارَ بِالْفَيْءِ، وَتَعْطِيلَ الْحُدُودِ، وَالتَّسَلُّطَ بِالْجَبْرِيَّةِ، وَمَا زَالُوا يَتَرَدَّدُونَ إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خَلْعَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَالْحَجَّاجَ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ يَبْلُغُ الْقَوْمَ فَلَا تَقُمْ فِي مَقَامِكَ، فَخَرَجَ وَجَمَعَ رُءُوسَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنِّي أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي قَدْ خَلَعْتُ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ وَالْحَجَّاجَ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ فَلْيَصْحَبْنِي وَمَنْ أَبَى فَلْيَذْهَبْ حَيْثُ شَاءَ، فَإِنِّي لَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَتْبَعَنِي مَنْ لَيْسَتْ لَهُ نِيَّةٌ فِي جِهَادِ أَهْلِ الْجَوْرِ. ثُمَّ بَايَعَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ حَمْزَةَ: أَمْدِدْنِي بِمَا قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ سِلَاحٍ، فَقَالَ لِلرَّسُولِ: ثَكِلَتْكَ أُمُّكَ، أَنْتَ قَتَلْتَ مُطَرِّفًا؟ فَقَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنْ مُطَرِّفًا قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ وَقَتَلَنِي، وَلَيْتَهُ لَا يَقْتُلُكَ، قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ، مَنْ سَوَّلَ لَهُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ؟ قَالَ: نَفْسُهُ. ثُمَّ قَوِيَ أَمْرُ مُطَرِّفٍ، فَأُخْبِرَ الْحَجَّاجُ، فَبَعَثَ الْجُيُوشَ لِقِتَالِهِ، وَبَعَثَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ حَمْزَةَ مَنْ أَوْثَقَهُ بِالْحَدِيدِ وَحَبَسَهُ، فَالْتَقَتِ الْجُيُوشُ بِمُطَرِّفٍ فَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَخَرَجَ مِنْ عَسْكَرِ مُطَرِّفٍ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، فَصَاحَ: يَا أَهْلَ مِلَّتِنَا، نَسْأَلُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ -عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لَمَا أَنْصَفْتُمُونَا، خَبِّرُونَا عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَعَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَهُمَا جَائِرَيْنِ مُسْتَأْثِرَيْنِ يَتَّبِعَانِ الْهَوَى، وَيَأْخُذَانِ عَلَى الظِّنَّةِ، وَيَقْتُلَانِ عَلَى الْغَضَبِ. فَنَادَوْهُ: كَذَّبَتْ. فَقَالَ: وَيْلَكُمْ لا تَفْتَرُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا فَيُسْحِتَكُمْ بِعَذَابٍ وَقَدْ خَابَ مَنِ افْتَرَى. فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَاقْتَتَلَا، فَقَتَلَ الرَّجُلَ، ثُمَّ اشْتَدَّ الْقِتَالُ، فَانْكَشَفَتْ خَيْلُ مُطَرِّفٍ فَوَصَلُوا إِلَيْهِ، وَاحْتَزَّ رَأْسَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ هُبَيْرَةَ، ثُمَّ طَلَبَ الْأَمَانَ لَبُكَيْرِ بْنِ هَارُونَ، مِنْ أَمِيرِ الْجَيْشِ فَأَمَّنَهُ.
Translation
✧ The wars of al-Muhallab b. Abī Ṣufra and the Kharijites of the Azāriqa In this year there were very many wars between al-Muhallab b. Abī Ṣufra, deputy of al-Ḥajjāj, and the Kharijites of the Azāriqa, whose commander was Qaṭarī b. al-Fujāʾa. He was also one of the renowned, famous courageous horsemen. His companions had separated from him and dispersed in this year. As for him, he wandered the earth, and it was not known where he went. Skirmishes and engagements took place between them whose full recounting and exhaustive detail would be lengthy. Ibn Jarīr went to great lengths in mentioning them. The rising of Bukayr b. Wishāḥ against Umayya b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Khālid He said: In this year Bukayr b. Wishāḥ, who had been deputy of Khurāsān, rose against its governor Umayya b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Khālid b. Usayd — as will come — that is, Bukayr summoned the people against him, betrayed him, and killed him. Long events took place between the two of them which Abū Jaʿfar — may God have mercy on him — recounted exhaustively in his history. . Umayya's crossing of the Balkh River for raiding In this year Umayya crossed the Balkh River for raiding, and was besieged until he and his companions were exhausted. Then they escaped after being on the brink of destruction, and returned to Marw. Who led the people in pilgrimage this year In this year Abān b. ʿUthmān led the people in pilgrimage, and he was governor of al-Madīnah. Al-Ḥajjāj was over al-Kūfah and al-Baṣrah, and Umayya was over Khurāsān. The summer expedition In this year al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik raided the summer expedition. The deaths of Qaṭarī, ʿAbd Rabb al-Kabīr, and ʿUbayda b. Hilāl In this year Qaṭarī, ʿAbd Rabb al-Kabīr, and ʿUbayda b. Hilāl and those of the Azāriqa who were with them perished. It was said: Rather, their destruction was in the year seventy-eight. The cause of their destruction was that when they disagreed, Qaṭarī headed toward Ṭabaristān, and al-Ḥajjāj dispatched an army with Sufyān b. al-Abrad, which pursued them. He caught up with Qaṭarī in the mountain passes of Ṭabaristān, and they fought him, whereupon his companions scattered from him, and he fell from his mount into the bottom of the pass and tumbled to its lowest part. A non-Arab man from the people of the land came to him, and Qaṭarī said to him: "Give me water to drink." He said: "Give me something so that I may give you water." He said: "Woe to you, by God, I have with me only what you see of my weapons." The man looked down at him and rolled a huge stone down upon him, hitting one of his hips and weakening him, and cried out to the people. They came and killed him. Sufyān sent his head with Abū Jahm b. Kināna al-Kalbī to al-Ḥajjāj. Then it was brought to ʿAbd al-Malik. Then Sufyān proceeded to the camp of ʿUbayda b. Hilāl, who had fortified himself in a castle at Qūmas, and surrounded him and his companions. They were exhausted until they ate their mounts. Then they came out and fought him, and he killed them, and sent their heads to al-Ḥajjāj. The rising of Muṭarrif b. al-Mughīra against al-Ḥajjāj In this year Muṭarrif b. al-Mughīra b. Shuʿba rose against al-Ḥajjāj, renounced ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān, and joined the mountain, and was killed. The reason for that was that al-Ḥajjāj appointed the sons of al-Mughīra, so he made ʿUrwa b. al-Mughīra governor of al-Kūfah, Muṭarrif governor of al-Madāʾin, and Ḥamza governor of Hamdān. Shabīb the Kharijite approached al-Madāʾin, and Muṭarrif wrote to al-Ḥajjāj with news of him, and he reinforced him with men. When Shabīb encamped at Harsīr, Muṭarrif cut the bridge between himself and him, and sent to Shabīb: "Send men from the righteous of your companions so that I may study the Qurʾān with them and see what you call to." He sent back to him: "Send men to me who will remain with me until you return my companions." He said to him: "How can I trust you with my companions when you do not trust me with your companions?" He said: "You know that we do not deem treachery permissible in our religion, while you do it." So he sent men to them, and they sent men to him. He said to their companions: "To what do you call?" They said: "To the Book of God and the Sunnah of His Prophet. What we have resented against our people is their monopolizing the fayʾ, suspending the prescribed punishments, and domineering through tyranny." They continued to go back and forth to him until it settled in his mind to renounce ʿAbd al-Malik and al-Ḥajjāj. It was said to him: "This news will reach the people, so do not remain in your place." He went out, gathered the leaders of his companions, and said to them: "I call you to witness that I have renounced ʿAbd al-Malik and al-Ḥajjāj. Whoever wishes, let him accompany me, and whoever refuses, let him go wherever he wishes, for I do not like anyone to follow me who has no intention of striving against the people of oppression." Then his companions pledged allegiance to him. Then he sent to his brother Ḥamza: "Reinforce me with whatever money or weapons you can." He said to the messenger: "May your mother be bereaved of you! Did you kill Muṭarrif?" He said: "No, but Muṭarrif killed himself and killed me. Would that he does not kill you." He said: "Woe to you, who made this matter seem fair to him?" He said: "His own self." Then Muṭarrif's affair strengthened, and al-Ḥajjāj was informed. He dispatched armies to fight him, and sent someone to his brother Ḥamza, who bound him in iron and imprisoned him. The armies met Muṭarrif and fought. Bukayr b. Hārūn came out from Muṭarrif's camp and shouted: "O people of our religious community, we ask you by God — Mighty and Majestic is He — besides whom there is no god, that you deal fairly with us. Tell us about ʿAbd al-Malik and al-Ḥajjāj: do you not know that they are unjust, monopolizing, following whim, seizing on suspicion, and killing in anger?" They called back to him: "You have lied." He said: "Woe to you! Do not fabricate lies against God, lest He destroy you with a punishment, for he who fabricates has failed." A man came out against him, and the two fought, and he killed the man. Then the fighting intensified, and Muṭarrif's cavalry was routed, and they reached him. ʿAmr b. Hubayra struck off his head. Then he sought amnesty for Bukayr b. Hārūn from the commander of the army, and he granted it to him.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.