Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2214
The Year 61 AH
وَأَمَّا رَأْسُهُ ؓ فَالْمَشْهُورُ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ التَّارِيخِ وَعُلَمَاءِ السِّيَرِ أَنَّهُ بَعَثَ بِهِ ابْنُ زِيَادٍ إِلَى يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ أَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ، وَعِنْدِي أَنَّ الْأَوَّلَ أَشْهَرُ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. ثُمَّ اخْتَلَفُوا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي دُفِنَ فِيهِ الرَّأْسُ ; فَرَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ أَنَّ يَزِيدَ بَعَثَ بِرَأْسِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ نَائِبِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَدَفَنَهُ عِنْدَ أُمِّهِ بِالْبَقِيعِ. وَذَكَرَ ابْنُ أَبِي الدُّنْيَا بسنده عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ أَنَّ الرَّأْسَ لَمْ يَزَلْ فِي خِزَانَةِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ، فَأُخِذَ مِنْ خِزَانَتِهِ، فَكُفِّنَ وَدُفِنَ دَاخِلَ بَابِ الْفَرَادِيسِ مِنْ مَدِينَةِ دِمَشْقَ. قُلْتُ: وَيُعْرَفُ مَكَانُهُ بِمَسْجِدِ الرَّأْسِ الْيَوْمَ دَاخِلَ بَابِ الْفَرَادِيسِ الثَّانِي. وَذَكَرَ الْحَافِظُ بْنُ عَسَاكِرَ فِي " تَارِيخِهِ " فِي تَرْجَمَةِ رَيَّا حَاضِنَةِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، أَنَّ يَزِيدَ حِينَ وَضَعَ رَأَسَ الْحُسَيْنِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ تَمَثَّلَ بِشِعْرِ ابْنِ الزِّبْعَرَى، يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ: لَيْتَ أَشْيَاخِي بِبَدْرٍ شَهِدُوا جَزَعَ الْخَزْرَجِ مِنْ وَقْعِ الْأَسَلْ قَالَتْ: ثُمَّ نَصَبَهُ بِدِمَشْقَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، ثُمَّ وُضِعَ فِي خَزَائِنِ السِّلَاحِ، حَتَّى كَانَ زَمَانُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ فَجِيءَ بِهِ إِلَيْهِ، وَقَدْ بَقِيَ عَظْمًا أَبْيَضَ، فَكَفَّنَهُ وَطَيَّبَهُ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ، وَدَفَنَهُ فِي مَقَابِرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَتِ الْمُسَوِّدَةُ - يَعْنِي بَنِي الْعَبَّاسِ - نَبَشُوا عَنْ رَأْسِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَأَخَذُوهُ مَعَهُمْ. وَذَكَرَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةَ بَقِيَتْ بَعْدَ دَوْلَةِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ وَقَدْ جَاوَزَتِ الْمِائَةَ سَنَةٍ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَادَّعَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الْمُسَمَّوْنَ بِالْفَاطِمِيِّينَ، الَّذِينَ مَلَكُوا الدِّيَارَ الْمِصْرِيَّةَ قَبْلَ سَنَةِ أَرْبَعِمِائَةٍ إِلَى مَا بَعْدَ سَنَةِ سِتِّينَ وَسِتِّمِائَةٍ، أَنَّ رَأْسَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَصَلَ إِلَى الدِّيَارِ الْمِصْرِيَّةِ ، وَدَفَنُوهُ بِهَا وَبَنُوا عَلَيْهِ الْمَشْهَدَ الْمَشْهُورَ بِهِ بِمِصْرَ، الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ: تَاجُ الْحُسَيْنِ. بَعْدَ سَنَةِ خَمْسِمِائَةٍ. وَقَدْ نَصَّ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَا أَصْلَ لَذَلِكَ، وَإِنَّمَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يُرَوِّجُوا بِذَلِكَ بُطْلَانَ مَا ادَّعَوْهُ مِنَ النَّسَبِ الشَّرِيفِ، وَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ كَذَبَةٌ خَوَنَةٌ، وَقَدْ نَصَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْقَاضِي الْبَاقِلَانِيُّ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَئِمَّةِ الْعُلَمَاءِ فِي دَوْلَتِهِمْ فِي حُدُودِ سَنَةِ أَرْبَعِمِائَةٍ.
Translation
✧ As for his head ؓ, the well-known view among historians and scholars of the prophetic biography is that Ibn Ziyād sent it to Yazīd b. Muʿāwiyah, though some people denied that. In my view, the first is more widely attested. And God knows best. Then they differed after that concerning the place where the head was buried. Muḥammad b. Saʿd related that Yazīd sent the head of al-Ḥusayn to ʿAmr b. Saʿīd, the governor of Madinah, and he buried it near his mother in al-Baqīʿ. Ibn Abī al-Dunyā mentioned with his chain of transmission from Muḥammad b. ʿUmar b. Ṣāliḥ that the head remained in the treasury of Yazīd b. Muʿāwiyah until he died. Then it was taken from his treasury, shrouded, and buried inside the Gate of al-Farādīs in the city of Damascus. I say: Its location is known today as the Mosque of the Head inside the second Gate of al-Farādīs. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn ʿAsākir mentioned in his "History" in the biography of Rayyā, the nurse of Yazīd b. Muʿāwiyah, that when Yazīd placed the head of al-Ḥusayn before him, he recited the poetry of Ibn al-Zibaʿrā, meaning his words: Would that my elders at Badr had witnessed the Khazraj's panic at the thrust of the spears. She said: Then he displayed it in Damascus for three days, then it was placed in the armories, until the time of Sulaymān b. ʿAbd al-Malik, when it was brought to him, and it had become white bone. So he shrouded it, perfumed it, prayed over it, and buried it in the Muslims' cemetery. When the musawwidah—meaning the Banū al-ʿAbbās—came, they dug up the head of al-Ḥusayn and took it with them. Ibn ʿAsākir mentioned that this woman remained alive after the Umayyad state and had passed the age of one hundred. And God knows best. The faction called the Fāṭimids, who ruled the Egyptian lands before the year four hundred and until after the year sixty and six hundred, claimed that the head of al-Ḥusayn reached the Egyptian lands, and they buried it there and built over it the famous shrine known by it in Egypt, which is called Tāj al-Ḥusayn, after the year five hundred. More than one of the leading scholars has stated that there is no basis for that, and that they only intended thereby to promote the falsehood of their claimed noble lineage, and in that they are liars and traitors. Al-Qāḍī al-Bāqillānī and more than one of the leading scholars stated that during their state around the year four hundred.
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