Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2202
The caliphate of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān
أَزْوَاجِهِ وَأَوْلَادِهِ كَانَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَبِهِ كَانَ يُكَنَّى، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ، وَكَانَ ضَعِيفَ الْعَقْلِ، وَأُمُّهُمَا فَاخِتَةُ بِنْتُ قَرَظَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ، وَقَدْ تَزَوَّجَ بِأُخْتِهَا مُنْفَرِدَةً عَنْهَا بَعْدَهَا، وَهِيَ كَنُودُ بِنْتُ قَرَظَةَ، وَهِيَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ مَعَهُ حِينَ افْتَتَحَ قُبْرُسَ، وَتَزَوَّجَ نَائِلَةَ بِنْتَ عُمَارَةَ الْكَلْبِيَّةَ، فَأَعْجَبَتْهُ، وَقَالَ لِمَيْسُونَ بِنْتِ بَحْدَلٍ: ادْخُلِي فَانْظُرِي إِلَى ابْنةِ عَمِّكِ، فَدَخَلَتْ فَسَأَلَهَا عَنْهَا، فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّهَا لَكَامِلَةُ الْجَمَالِ، وَلَكِنْ رَأَيْتُ تَحْتَ سُرَّتِهَا خَالًا، وَإِنِّي لَأُرَى هَذِهِ يُقْتَلُ زَوْجُهَا، وَيُوضَعُ رَأْسُهُ فِي حِجْرِهَا. فَطَلَّقَهَا مُعَاوِيَةُ فَتَزَوُّجَهَا بَعْدَهُ حَبِيبُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ الْفِهْرِيُّ، ثُمَّ خَلَفَ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدَهُ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ، فَقُتِلَ وَوُضِعَ رَأْسُهُ فِي حِجْرِهَا. وَمِنْ أَشْهَرِ أَوْلَادِهِ يَزِيدُ، وَأُمُّهُ مَيْسُونُ بِنْتُ بَحْدَلِ بْنِ أُنَيْفِ بْنِ دُلْجَةَ بْنِ قُنَافَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ، وَهِيَ الَّتِي دَخَلَتْ عَلَى نَائِلَةَ، فَأَخْبَرَتْ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْهَا بِمَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ، وَكَانَتْ حَازِمَةً عَظِيمَةَ الشَّأْنِ جَمَالًا وَرِيَاسَةً وَعَقْلًا وَدِينًا، دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا مُعَاوِيَةُ يَوْمًا وَمَعَهُ خَادِمٌ خَصِيٌّ، فَاسْتَتَرَتْ مِنْهُ، وَقَالَتْ: مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ مَعَكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ خَصِيٌّ، فَاظْهَرِي عَلَيْهِ. فَقَالَتْ: مَا كَانَتِ الْمُثْلَةُ لِتُحِلَّ لَهُ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ. وَحَجَبَتْهُ عَنْهَا. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ لَهُ: إِنَّ مُجَرَّدَ مُثْلَتِكَ لَهُ لَنْ تُحِلَّ مَا حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ. وَقَدْ وَلِيَ ابْنُهَا يَزِيدُ الْخِلَافَةَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ. وَذَكَرَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ أَنَّ مَيْسُونَ هَذِهِ وَلَدَتْ لِمُعَاوِيَةَ بِنْتًا أُخْرَى يُقَالُ لَهَا: أَمَةُ رَبِّ الْمَشَارِقِ. مَاتَتْ صَغِيرَةً. وَرَمْلَةُ، تَزَوَّجَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، كَانَتْ دَارُهَا بِدِمَشْقَ عِنْدَ عَقَبَةِ السَّمَكِ تُجَاهَ زُقَاقِ الرُّمَّانِ. قَالَهُ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ، قَالَ: وَلَهَا طَاحُونٌ مَعْرُوفَةٌ إِلَى الْآنَ. وَهِنْدُ بِنْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، تَزَوَّجَهَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، فَلَمَّا أُدْخِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِالْخَضْرَاءِ، أَرَادَهَا عَنْ نَفْسِهَا فَتَمَنَّعَتْ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَبَتْ أَشَدَّ الْإِبَاءِ، فَضَرَبَهَا فَصَرَخَتْ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ الْجَوَارِيَ صَوْتَهَا صَرَخْنَ وَعَلَتْ أَصْوَاتُهُنَّ، فَسَمِعَ مُعَاوِيَةُ، فَنَهَضَ إِلَيْهِنَّ، فَاسْتَعْلَمَهُنَّ مَا الْخَبَرُ، فَقُلْنَ: سَمِعْنَا صَوْتَ سَيِّدَتِنَا فَصِحْنَا. فَدَخَلَ فَإِذَا بِهَا تَبْكِي مِنْ ضَرْبِهِ، فَقَالَ لِابْنِ عَامِرٍ: وَيْحَكَ ! مِثْلُ هَذِهِ تُضْرَبُ فِي مِثْلِ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ ؟ ! ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: اخْرُجْ مِنْ هَاهُنَا. فَخَرَجَ وَخَلَا بِهَا مُعَاوِيَةُ فَقَالَ لَهَا: يَا بُنَيَّةُ، إِنَّهُ زَوْجُكِ الَّذِي أَحَلَّهُ اللَّهُ لَكِ، أَوَ مَا سَمِعْتِ قَوْلَ الشَّاعِرِ: مِنَ الْخَفِرَاتِ الْبِيضِ أَمَّا حَرَامُهَا فَصَعْبٌ وَأَمَّا حِلُّهَا فَذَلُولُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مُعَاوِيَةُ مِنْ عِنْدِهَا، وَقَالَ لِزَوْجِهَا: ادْخُلْ فَقَدْ مَهَّدْتُ لَكَ خُلُقَهَا وَوَطَّأْتُهُ، فَدَخَلَ ابْنُ عَامِرٍ، فَوَجَدَهَا قَدْ طَابَتْ أَخْلَاقُهَا، فَقَضَى حَاجَتَهُ مِنْهَا، رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.
Translation
✧ His wives and children: He had ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, by whom he was given the kunyah, and ʿAbd Allāh, who was weak of intellect; their mother was Fākhitah bt. Qaraẓah b. ʿAbd ʿAmr b. Nawfal b. ʿAbd Manāf. He later married her sister separately from her, namely Kanūd bt. Qaraẓah, who was with him when he conquered Cyprus. He married Nāʾilah bt. ʿUmārah al-Kalbiyyah, and she pleased him. He said to Maysūn bt. Baḥdal: “Enter and look at your cousin.” She entered and he asked her about her, and she said: “She is of perfect beauty, but I saw beneath her navel a mole, and I think this one’s husband will be killed and his head placed in her lap.” So Muʿāwiyah divorced her, and after him Ḥabīb b. Maslamah al-Fihrī married her, then after him al-Nuʿmān b. Bashīr succeeded with her, and he was killed and his head placed in her lap. Among his most famous children was Yazīd, whose mother was Maysūn bt. Baḥdal b. Unayf b. Duljah b. Qunāfah al-Kalbī. She was the one who entered upon Nāʾilah and told Muʿāwiyah about her what she told him. She was resolute, of great standing in beauty, leadership, intellect, and religion. One day Muʿāwiyah entered upon her with a castrated servant, and she veiled herself from him and said: “What is this man with you?” He said: “He is a eunuch, so you may appear before him.” She said: “Castration does not make lawful for him what God has forbidden him.” And she kept him veiled from her. In another narration, she said to him: “Merely your castrating him will not make lawful what God has forbidden him.” Her son Yazīd assumed the caliphate after his father. Ibn Jarīr mentioned that this Maysūn bore Muʿāwiyah another daughter called Amat Rabb al-Mashāriq, who died young. And Ramlah, whom ʿAmr b. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān married; her house in Damascus was at ʿAqabat al-Samak opposite Zuqāq al-Rummān. Ibn ʿAsākir said that, and he said: She has a mill that is well-known until now. And Hind bt. Muʿāwiyah, whom ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿĀmir married. When she was brought to him in al-Khaḍrāʾ, he desired her, but she resisted him and refused most strongly, so he struck her and she cried out. When the slave girls heard her voice, they cried out and their voices rose. Muʿāwiyah heard it, so he went to them and asked them what the matter was. They said: “We heard the voice of our mistress, so we cried out.” He entered and found her weeping from his blow. He said to Ibn ʿĀmir: “Woe to you! Is one like this struck on a night like this?” Then he said to him: “Leave this place.” He left, and Muʿāwiyah was alone with her and said to her: “My dear daughter, he is your husband whom God has made lawful for you. Have you not heard the poet’s saying: Of the bashful white maidens, her forbidden part is difficult, while her lawful part is yielding.” Then Muʿāwiyah left her and said to her husband: “Enter, for I have smoothed and made easy her disposition for you.” Ibn ʿĀmir entered and found that her character had become agreeable, and he fulfilled his need with her, may God Most High have mercy on them.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.