Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2141
The caliphate of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān
وَفي سنة تسع وأربعين وَقَعَ الطَّاعُونُ بِالْكُوفَةِ، فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا الْمُغِيرَةُ فَارًّا ، فَلَمَّا ارْتَفَعَ الطَّاعُونُ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهَا، فَأَصَابَهُ الطَّاعُونُ فَمَاتَ، وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ سَنَةَ خَمْسِينَ. فَجَمَعَ مُعَاوِيَةُ لِزِيَادٍ الْكُوفَةَ إِلَى الْبَصْرَةِ، فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مِنْ جُمِعَ لَهُ بَيْنَهُمَا، فَكَانَ زِيَادٌ يُقِيمُ فِي هَذِهِ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ، وَفِي هَذِهِ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ، وَكَانَ يَسْتَخْلِفُ عَلَى الْبَصْرَةِ سَمُرَةَ بْنَ جُنْدَبٍ فَلَمَّا وَصَلَ الْكُوفَةَ خَطَبَهُمْ فَحُصِبَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، فَجَلَسَ حَتَّى أَمْسَكُوا ثُمَّ دَعَا قَوْمًا مِنْ خَاصَّتِهِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ فَأَخَذُوا أَبْوَابَ الْمَسْجِدِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: لِيَأْخُذْ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ جَلِيسَهُ وَلَا يَقُولَنَّ لَا أَدْرِي مَنْ جَلِيسِي، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِكُرْسِيٍّ فَوُضِعَ لَهُ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ، فَدَعَاهُمْ أَرْبَعَةً أَرْبَعَةً يَحْلِفُونَ: مَا مِنَّا مَنْ حَصَبَكَ: فَمَنْ حَلَفَ خَلَّاهُ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْلِفْ حَبَسَهُ، حَتَّى صَارُوا إِلَى ثَلَاثِينَ. وَقِيلَ: ثَمَانِينَ، فَقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَلَى الْمَكَانِ. وَاتَّخَذَ مَقْصُورَةً. كَانَ أَوَّلُ قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَهُ زِيَادٌ بِالْكُوفَةِ أَوْفَى بْنَ حِصْنٍ، وَكَانَ بَلَغَهُ عَنْهُ شَيْءٌ، فَطَلَبَهُ فَهَرَبَ، فَعَرَضَ النَّاسَ [ زِيَادٌ ]، فَمَرَّ بِهِ فَقَالَ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: أَوْفَى بْنُ حِصْنٍ. فَقَالَ زِيَادٌ: أَتَتْكَ بِحَائِنٍ رِجْلَاهُ: وَقَالَ لَهُ: مَا رَأْيُكَ فِي عُثْمَانَ ؟ قَالَ: خَتَنُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى ابْنَتَيْهِ. قَالَ: فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي مُعَاوِيَةَ ؟ قَالَ: جَوَادٌ حَلِيمٌ. قَالَ: فَمَا تَقُولُ فِيَّ ؟ قَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ بِالْبَصْرَةِ وَاللَّهِ لَآخُذَنَّ الْبَرِيءَ بِالسَّقِيمِ، وَالْمُقْبِلَ بِالْمُدْبِرِ. قَالَ: قَدْ قُلْتُ ذَاكَ. قَالَ: خَبَطْتَهَا عَشْوَاءَ ! فَقَالَ زِيَادٌ: لَيْسَ النَّفَّاخُ بِشَرِّ الزَّمَرَةِ ! فَقَتَلَهُ. وَلَمَّا قَدِمَ زِيَادٌ الْكُوفَةَ قَالَ لَهُ عُمَارَةُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ: إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْحَمِقِ يَجْمَعُ إِلَيْهِ شِيعَةَ أَبِي تُرَابٍ. فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ زِيَادٌ: مَا هَذِهِ الْجَمَاعَاتُ عِنْدَكَ ؟ مَنْ أَرَدْتَ كَلَامَهُ فَفِي الْمَسْجِدِ. وَقِيلَ: الَّذِي سَعَى بِعَمْرٍو يَزِيدُ بْنُ رُوَيْمٍ: فَقَالَ لَهُ زِيَادٌ: قَدِ أَشَطْتُ بِدَمِهِ، وَلَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ مُخَّ سَاقِهِ قَدْ سَالَ مِنْ بُغْضِي مَا هَجَتْهُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ عَلَيَّ. فَاتَّخَذَ زِيَادٌ الْمَقْصُورَةَ حِينَ حُصِبَ. فَلَمَّا اسْتَخْلَفَ زِيَادٌ سَمُرَةَ عَلَى الْبَصْرَةِ أَكْثَرَ الْقَتْلَ فِيهَا، فَقَالَ ابْنُ سِيرِينَ: قَتَلَ سَمُرَةُ فِي غَيْبَةِ زِيَادٍ هَذِهِ ثَمَانِيَةَ آلَافٍ. فَقَالَ لَهُ زِيَادٌ: أَتَخَافُ أَنْ تَكُونَ قَتَلْتَ بَرِيئًا ؟ فَقَالَ: لَوْ قَتَلْتُ مَعَهُمْ مِثْلَهُمْ مَا خَشِيتُ. وَقَالَ أَبُو السَّوَّارِ الْعَدَوِيُّ: قَتَلَ سَمُرَةُ مِنْ قَوْمِي فِي غَدَاةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ سَبْعَةً وَأَرْبَعِينَ كُلُّهُمْ قَدْ جَمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ. وَرَكِبَ سَمُرَةُ يَوْمًا فَلَقِيَ أَوَائِلُ خَيْلِهِ رَجُلًا فَقَتَلُوهُ، فَمَرَّ بِهِ سَمُرَةُ وَهُوَ يَتَشَحَّطُ فِي دَمِهِ فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا ؟ فَقِيلَ أَصَابَهُ أَوَائِلُ خَيْلِكَ. فَقَالَ: إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ بِنَا قَدْ رَكِبْنَا فَاتَّقُوا أَسِنَّتَنَا.
Translation
✧ And in the year forty-nine, the plague occurred in al-Kūfah, so al-Mughīrah left it fleeing. When the plague subsided, he returned to it, and the plague struck him and he died. The correct view is that he died in the year fifty. Then Muʿāwiyah combined al-Kūfah with al-Baṣrah for Ziyād, and he was the first for whom the two were combined. Ziyād would reside in this one for six months and in this one for six months, and he would appoint Samurah b. Jundab as his deputy over al-Baṣrah. When he reached al-Kūfah, he addressed them and was pelted with pebbles while he was on the pulpit. He sat down until they stopped, then he summoned a group of his close associates and ordered them, and they took the gates of the mosque. Then he said: Let every man among you seize the one sitting next to him, and let no one say, 'I do not know who is sitting next to me.' Then he ordered a chair to be placed for him at the gate of the mosque. He called them four by four, and they swore: 'None of us pelted you.' Whoever swore, he released him; and whoever did not swear, he imprisoned him, until they reached thirty—and it was said: eighty—and he cut off their hands on the spot. And he adopted a maqṣūrah. The first person killed by Ziyād in al-Kūfah was Awfā b. Ḥiṣn. Something had reached him about him, so he sought him, but he fled. Ziyād presented the people [for review], and he passed by him and said, 'Who is this?' They said, 'Awfā b. Ḥiṣn.' Ziyād said: 'His own two feet have brought him to ruin.' He said to him, 'What is your view of ʿUthmān?' He said, 'The son-in-law of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ through his two daughters.' He said, 'What do you say about Muʿāwiyah?' He said: 'Generous and forbearing.' He said, 'What do you say about me?' He said, 'It has reached me that you said in al-Baṣrah: By Allah, I will seize the innocent for the sick, and the one facing forward for the one turning back.' He said, 'I did say that.' He said, 'You have flailed blindly!' Ziyād said, 'The blower is not the worst of the band!' And he killed him. When Ziyād came to al-Kūfah, ʿUmārah b. ʿUqbah b. Abī Muʿayṭ said to him, 'ʿAmr b. al-Ḥamiq is gathering to himself the Shīʿah of Abū Turāb.' So Ziyād sent to him: 'What are these gatherings at your place? Whoever you wish to speak with, let it be in the mosque.' And it was said: the one who informed against ʿAmr was Yazīd b. Ruwaym. Ziyād said to him, 'You have hastened his blood, and if I knew that the marrow of his shin had flowed from hatred of me, I would not have roused him until he rose against me.' Ziyād adopted the maqṣūrah when he was pelted. When Ziyād appointed Samurah as his deputy over al-Baṣrah, he killed many people there. Ibn Sīrīn said: 'In this absence of Ziyād, Samurah killed eight thousand.' Ziyād said to him, 'Do you fear that you may have killed an innocent person?' He said, 'If I had killed the like of them along with them, I would not have feared.' Abū al-Sawwār al-ʿAdawī said: 'Samurah killed from my people in a single morning forty-seven, all of whom had memorized the Qurʾān.' One day Samurah rode out, and the vanguard of his cavalry encountered a man and killed him. Samurah passed by him while he was writhing in his blood and said, 'What is this?' It was said, 'The vanguard of your cavalry struck him.' He said, 'When you hear that we have ridden out, beware of our spearheads.'
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.