Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2107
The caliphate of Muʿāwiyah b. Abī Sufyān
وَمِنْ أَعْيَانِ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي عام إحدى وأربعين رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ رَافِعِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْعَجْلَانِ : شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَةَ وَبَدْرًا. وَالْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. ركانة بن عبد العزيز بن هاشم رُكَانَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ هَاشِمِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ الْقُرَشِيُّ ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي صَارَعَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَصَرَعَهُ، وَكَانَ رُكَانَةُ مِنْ أَشَدِّ النَّاسِ، وَكَانَ صَرْعُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَهُ مِنَ الْمُعْجِزَاتِ، فعن الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ رُكَانَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ يَزِيدَ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ، فَقَالَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنْ صَرَعْتَنِي آمَنْتُ بِكَ، فَصَرَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ سَاحِرٌ، أَسْلَمَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ، وَقِيلَ: قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِمَكَّةَ لَمَّا صَرَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. صفوان بن أمية بن خلف صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ خَلَفِ بْنِ وَهْبِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ ، أَبُو وَهَبٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ، أَحَدُ الرُّؤَسَاءِ، تَقَدَّمَ أَنَّهُ هَرَبَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَأَسْلَمَ وَحَسُنَ إِسْلَامُهُ فعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْفَتْحِ هَرَبَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ خَلَفٍ حَتَّى أَتَى الشَّعْبِيَّةَ، فَقَالَ عُمَيْرُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ اللَّخْمِيُّ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ سَيِّدَ قَوْمِي خَرَجَ هَارِبًا لِيَقْذِفَ نَفْسَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ، وَخَافَ أَلَّا تُؤَمِّنَهُ، فَأَمِّنْهُ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي، قَالَ: قَدْ أَمَّنْتُهُ. فَخَرَجَ عُمَيْرُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ فِي أَثَرِهِ فَأَدْرَكَهُ، فَقَالَ: جِئْتُكَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَبَرِّ النَّاسِ وَأَوْصَلِ النَّاسِ، وَقَدْ أَمَّنَكَ، فَقَالَ: لَا وَاللَّهِ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَنِي مِنْهُ بِعَلَامَةٍ أَعْرِفُهَا، فَرَجَعَ عُمَيْرٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ: "خُذْ عِمَامَتِي "، وَهُوَ الْبُرْدُ الَّذِي دَخَلَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ مُعْتَجِرًا بِهِ بُرْدٌ حَبِرَةٌ، فَخَرَجَ عُمَيْرٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ الْبُرْدَ فَعَرَفَهُ فَرَجَعَ مَعَهُ، وَانْتَهَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ الْعَصْرَ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَرَخَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنَّ عُمَيْرَ بْنَ وَهْبٍ جَاءَنِي بِبُرْدِكَ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّكَ دَعَوْتَنِي إِلَى الْقُدُومِ عَلَيْكَ، فَإِنْ رَضِيتُ أَمْرًا وَإِلَّا سَيَّرْتَنِي شَهْرَيْنِ، قَالَ: "انْزِلْ أَبَا وَهْبٍ " قَالَ: لَا وَاللَّهِ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لِي، قَالَ: لَكَ تَسِيرُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ، فَنَزَلَ صَفْوَانُ، وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قِبَلَ هَوَازِنَ، وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ صَفْوَانُ وَاسْتَعَارَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سِلَاحًا، فَأَعَارَهُ مِائَةَ دِرْعٍ بِأَدَاتِهَا، وَشَهِدَ مَعَهُ حُنَيْنَ وَالطَّائِفَ وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ الْجِعِرَّانَةَ، فَبَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَسِيرُ فِي الْغَنَائِمِ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا وَمَعَهُ صَفْوَانُ جَعَلَ صَفْوَانُ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى شِعْبٍ مِلَاءٍ نَعَمٍ وَشَاءٍ وَرِعَاءٍ، فَأَدَامَ إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَرْمُقُهُ، فَقَالَ: أَبَا وَهْبٍ، يُعْجِبُكَ هَذَا الشِّعْبُ، قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: هُوَ لَكَ وَمَا فِيهِ، فَقَالَ صَفْوَانُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ: مَا طَابَتْ نَفْسُ أَحَدٍ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا إِلَّا نَفْسُ نَبِيٍّ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَأَسْلَمَ مَكَانَهُ وَأَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَيْضًا مَعَ الْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مِنْ غَنَائِمِ حُنَيْنَ خَمْسِينَ بَعِيرًا. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: لَمْ يَزَلْ صَفْوَانُ صَحِيحَ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنَا أَنَّهُ غَزَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ شَيْئًا وَلَا بَعْدَهُ، وَلَمْ يَزَلْ مُقِيمًا بِمَكَّةَ إِلَى أَنْ مَاتَ بِهَا فِي أَوَّلِ خِلَافَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ. عثمان بن طلحة عُثْمَانُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الدَّارِ الْعَبْدَرِيُّ الْحَجَبِيُّ، أَسْلَمَ هُوَ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَعَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ فِي أَوَّلِ سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ قَبْلَ الْفَتْحِ. وَقَدْ رَوَى الْوَاقِدِيُّ حَدِيثًا طَوِيلًا عَنْهُ فِي صِفَةِ إِسْلَامِهِ. قَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ : لَقِيَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَدَعَانِي إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، الْعَجَبُ لَكَ حَيْثُ تَطْمَعُ أَنْ أَتْبَعَكَ وَقَدْ خَالَفْتَ دِينَ قَوْمِكَ وَجِئْتَ بِدِينٍ مُحْدَثٍ، وَفَرَّقْتَ جَمَاعَتَهُمْ، فَانْصَرَفَ، وَكُنَّا نَفْتَحُ الْكَعْبَةَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَالْخَمِيسِ، فَأَقْبَلَ يَوْمًا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْكَعْبَةَ مَعَ النَّاسِ، فَغَلَّظْتُ لَهُ وَنِلْتُ مِنْهُ، وَحَلُمَ عَنِّي، ثُمَّ قَالَ: "يَا عُثْمَانُ، لَعَلَّكَ سَتَرَى هَذَا الْمِفْتَاحَ يَوْمًا بِيَدِي أَضَعُهُ حَيْثُ شِئْتُ "، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: لَقَدْ هَلَكَتْ قُرَيْشٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَذَلَّتْ، قَالَ: "بَلْ عَزَّتْ ". وَدَخَلَ الْكَعْبَةَ، فَوَقَعَتْ كَلِمَتُهُ مِنِّي مَوْقِعًا ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ سَيَصِيرُ إِلَى مَا قَالَ، فَأَرَدْتُ الْإِسْلَامَ، فَإِذَا قَوْمِي يَزْئَرُونِي زِئْرًا شَدِيدًا، فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ جَعَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تُشْفِقُ مِنْ رُجُوعِهِ عَلَيْهَا، فَهُمْ عَلَى مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى جَاءَ إِلَى بَدْرٍ، فَخَرَجْتُ فِيمَنْ خَرَجَ، وَشَهِدْتُ الْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَهُمْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَكَّةَ عَامَ الْقَضِيَّةِ غَيَّرَ اللَّهُ قَلْبِي وَدَخَلَنِي الْإِسْلَامُ، وَجَعَلْتُ أُفَكِّرُ فِيمَا نَحْنُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَا نَعْبُدُ مِنْ حَجَرٍ لَا يَسْمَعُ وَلَا يُبْصِرُ، وَأَنْظُرُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ وَظَلَفِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ عَنِ الدُّنْيَا، فَيَقَعُ ذَلِكَ مِنِّي، وَلَمْ يَعْزِمْ، إِلَى أَنْ آتِيَهُ حَتَّى انْصَرَفَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَاجِعًا، ثُمُّ عَزَمَ لِي عَلَى الْخُرُوجِ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَدْلَجْتُ، فَأَلْقَى خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فَاصْطَحَبَنَا حَتَّى نَزَلْنَا الْهَدَّةَ، فَمَا شَعَرْنَا إِلَّا بِعَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَانْقَمَعْنَا مِنْهُ وَانْقَمَعَ مِنَّا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَيْنَ يُرِيدُ الرَّجُلَانِ ؟ فَأَخْبَرْنَاهُ، فَقَالَ: وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الَّذِي تُرِيدَانِ، فَاصْطَحَبَنَا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَايَعْتُهُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَقَمْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى دَخَلْتُ مَعَهُ فِي غَزْوَةِ الْفَتْحِ وَدَخَلَ مَكَّةَ وَقَالَ لِي: "يَا عُثْمَانُ، ائْتِ بِالْمِفْتَاحِ " فَأَتَيْتُ بِهِ، فَأَخَذَهُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ إِلَيَّ، فَقَالَ: "خُذْهَا تَالِدَةً خَالِدَةً لَا يَنْزِعُهَا إِلَّا ظَالِمٌ ". قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: وَكَانَ قُدُومُ عُثْمَانَ الْمَدِينَةَ فِي صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ، وَلَمْ يَزَلْ مُقِيمًا بِالْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، فَنَزَلَهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ بِهَا فِي أَوَّلِ خِلَافَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ. عمرو بن الأسود العنسي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ الْعَنْسِيُّ : كَانَ مِنَ الْعُبَّادِ الزُّهَّادِ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ حُلَّةً بِمِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ يَلْبَسُهَا إِذَا قَامَ إِلَى صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ، وَكَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَضَعَ يَمِينَهُ عَلَى شِمَالِهِ مَخَافَةَ الْخُيَلَاءِ، رَوَى عَنْ مُعَاذٍ، وَعُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، وَالْعِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ فِي " الزُّهْدِ ": بسنده عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ وَضَمْرَةَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ قَالَا: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ: مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى هَدْيِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى هَدْيِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ. عَاتِكَةُ بِنْتُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُفَيْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى عَاتِكَةُ بِنْتُ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُفَيْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى : أُمُّهَا أُمُّ كُرْزِ بِنْتُ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، أَسْلَمَتْ وَبَايَعَتْ وَهَاجَرَتْ، فَتَزَوَّجَهَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَجَعَلَ لَهَا بَعْضَ أَرْضِيِّهِ عَلَى أَلَّا تَتَزَوَّجَ بَعْدَهُ، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا عُمَرُ وَقَالَ: إِنَّكِ قَدْ حَرَّمْتِ عَلَى نَفْسِكِ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكِ، فَرُدِّيَ الْمَالَ وَتَزَوَّجِي، فَتَزَوَّجَهَا عُمَرُ، فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهَا عَائِشَةُ أَنْ رُدِّي عَلَيْنَا أَرْضَنَا. وعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَاصِمِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ - يَزِيدُ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ - قَالَ: تَزَوَّجَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ عَاتِكَةَ بِنْتَ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ نُفَيْلٍ، وَكَانَتْ حَسْنَاءَ ذَاتَ خَلْقٍ بَارِعٍ، فَشَغَلَتْهُ عَنْ مَغَازِيهِ، فَأَمَرَهُ أَبُوهُ بِطَلَاقِهَا وَقَالَ: إِنَّهَا قَدْ شَغَلَتْكَ عَنْ مَغَازِيكَ، فَقَالَ: يَقُولُونَ طَلِّقْهَا وَخَيِّمْ مَكَانَهَا مُقِيمًا عَلَيْهَا الْهَمَّ أَحْلَامَ نَائِمِ وَإِنَّ فِرَاقِي أَهْلَ بَيْتٍ جَمَعْتُهُمْ عَلَى كُرْهٍ مِنِّي لَإِحْدَى الْعَظَائِمِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا فَمَرَّ بِهِ أَبُوهُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: لَمْ أَرَ مِثْلِي طَلَّقَ الْعَامَ مِثْلَهَا وَلَا مِثْلَهَا فِي غَيْرِ جُرْمٍ يُطَلَّقُ لَهَا خُلُقٌ جَزْلٌ وَرَأْيٌ وَمَنْصِبٌ وَخَلْقٌ سَوِيٌّ فِي الْحَيَاةِ مُصَدَّقُ فَرَقَّ لَهُ أَبُوهُ وَأَمَرَهُ بِمُرَاجَعَتِهَا، ثُمَّ شَهِدَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ غَزَاةً فَأَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَتْ زَوْجَتُهُ عَاتِكَةُ تَبْكِيهِ: رُزِيتُ بِخَيْرِ النَّاسِ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهِمْ وَبَعْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَمَا كَانَ قَصَّرَا وَآلَيْتُ لَا تَنْفَكُّ عَيْنِي حَزِينَةً عَلَيْكَ وَلَا يَنْفَكُّ جِلْدِي أَغْبَرَا فَلِلَّهِ عَيْنًا مَنْ رَأَى مِثْلَهُ فَتًى أَكَرُّ وَأَحْمَى فِي الْهَيَاحِ وَأَصْبَرَا إِذَا شَرَعَتْ فِيهِ الْأَسِنَّةُ خَاضَهَا إِلَى الْمَوْتِ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَ الرُّمْحَ أَحْمَرَا ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَأَوْلَمَ، وَكَانَ فِيمَنْ دَعَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ دَعْنِي أُكَلِّمُ عَاتِكَةَ، فَقَالَ: كَلِّمْهَا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ، فَأَخَذَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ بِجَانِبِ الْخِدْرِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا عَدِيَّةَ نَفْسِهَا، تَقُولِينَ: آلَيْتُ لَا تَنْفَكُّ عَيْنِي قَرِيرَةً عَلَيْكَ وَلَا يَنْفَكُّ جِلْدِي أَصْفَرَا فَبَكَتْ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: مَا دَعَاكَ إِلَى هَذَا يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ، كُلُّ النِّسَاءِ تَفْعَلْنَ هَذَا. ثُمَّ قُتِلَ عَنْهَا، ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا الزُّبَيْرُ، فَكَانَتْ تَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَكَانَ يَكْرَهُ خُرُوجَهَا وَيَحْرَجُ مِنْ مَنْعِهَا، فَخَرَجَتْ لَيْلَةً إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، وَخَرَجَ الزُّبَيْرُ فَسَبَقَهَا إِلَى مَكَانٍ مُظْلِمٍ، فَلَمَّا مَرَّتْ بِهِ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ جَسَدِهَا، فَرَجَعَتْ تَتَشَنَّجُ ثُمَّ لَمْ تَخْرُجْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ لَهَا الزُّبَيْرُ: مَا لَكِ لَا تَخْرُجِينَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ كَمَا كُنْتِ تَفْعَلِينَ ؟ فَقَالَتْ: فَسَدَ النَّاسُ، فَقَالَ: أَنَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَتْ: أَلَيْسَ يَقْدِرُ غَيْرُكَ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ مِثْلَهُ، وَلَمْ تَخْرُجْ حَتَّى قُتِلَ عَنْهَا الزُّبَيْرُ.
Translation
✧ Among the notable figures who died in the year forty-one: Rifāʿah b. Rāfiʿ b. Mālik b. al-ʿAjlān: He witnessed al-ʿAqabah and Badr, and all the campaigns with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Rukānah b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Hāshim b. al-Muṭṭalib al-Qurashī: He is the one whom the Prophet ﷺ wrestled and threw. Rukānah was one of the strongest of men, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ throwing him was one of the miracles. From al-Zubayr b. Bakkār, who said: Rukānah b. ʿAbd Yazīd was the strongest of men. He said to the Prophet ﷺ: "O Muḥammad, if you throw me, I will believe in you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ threw him. He said: "I testify that you are a sorcerer." He accepted Islam in the year of the conquest, and it is said: before that in Makkah when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ threw him. And Allah knows best. Ṣafwān b. Umayyah b. Khalaf b. Wahb b. Ḥudhāfah, Abū Wahb al-Qurashī: one of the leaders. It was previously mentioned that he fled on the day of the conquest, then came and accepted Islam, and his Islam became good. From ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr, who said: On the day of the conquest, Ṣafwān b. Umayyah b. Khalaf fled until he reached al-Shaʿbiyyah. ʿUmayr b. Wahb al-Lakhmī said: "O Messenger of Allah, the chief of my people has gone out fleeing to throw himself into the sea, and he fears that you will not grant him safety. Grant him safety, may my father and mother be your ransom." He said: "I have granted him safety." ʿUmayr b. Wahb went out in his pursuit and caught up with him. He said: "I have come to you from the most righteous of people and the most maintaining of ties, and he has granted you safety." He said: "No, by Allah, not until you bring me a sign from him that I recognize." ʿUmayr returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him. He said: "Take my turban"—it was the burd in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Makkah, veiled with it, a striped burd. ʿUmayr went out and gave him the burd, and he recognized it and returned with him. He came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was leading the people in the ʿaṣr prayer. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the taslīm, Ṣafwān b. Umayyah cried out: "O Muḥammad, ʿUmayr b. Wahb came to me with your burd and claimed that you invited me to come to you. If I am pleased with a matter, otherwise you will send me away for two months." He said: "Alight, Abū Wahb." He said: "No, by Allah, not until it becomes clear to me." He said: "You may travel for four months." So Ṣafwān alighted. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out toward Hawāzin, and Ṣafwān went out with him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ borrowed weapons from him, and he lent him a hundred coats of mail with their equipment. He witnessed with him Ḥunayn and al-Ṭāʾif while he was a disbeliever. Then he returned to al-Jiʿrānah. While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was walking among the spoils looking at them, and Ṣafwān was with him, Ṣafwān began looking at a mountain pass full of camels, sheep, and shepherds. He kept looking at it while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was observing him. He said: "Abū Wahb, does this pass please you?" He said: "Yes." He said: "It is yours and what is in it." Then Ṣafwān said: "No soul has ever been so generous with the like of this except the soul of a prophet. I testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allah." He accepted Islam on the spot, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ also gave him, along with those whose hearts were to be reconciled, fifty camels from the spoils of Ḥunayn. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Ṣafwān's Islam remained sound, and it has not reached us that he went on any expedition with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ or after him. He remained residing in Makkah until he died there at the beginning of the caliphate of Muʿāwiyah. ʿUthmān b. Ṭalḥah b. Abī Ṭalḥah b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. ʿUthmān b. ʿAbd al-Dār al-ʿAbdarī al-Ḥajabī: He accepted Islam along with Khālid b. al-Walīd and ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ at the beginning of the year eight, before the conquest. Al-Wāqidī narrated a long hadith from him about the manner of his Islam. ʿUthmān b. Ṭalḥah said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ met me in Makkah before the Hijrah and called me to Islam. I said: "O Muḥammad, I wonder at you that you hope I will follow you when you have contradicted the religion of your people and brought a new religion, and divided their community." He turned away. In the Jāhiliyyah we used to open the Kaʿbah on Mondays and Thursdays. One day he came wanting to enter the Kaʿbah with the people. I was harsh to him and reviled him, but he was forbearing with me. Then he said: "O ʿUthmān, perhaps you will see this key one day in my hand, placing it where I wish." I said to him: "Quraysh would have perished and been humiliated that day." He said: "Rather, they would be honored." He entered the Kaʿbah. His words fell upon me in such a way that I thought the matter would come to what he said. I wanted to accept Islam, but my people roared at me with a mighty roar. When he emigrated, Quraysh began to fear his return against them. They remained as they were until he came to Badr. I went out among those who went out, and I witnessed all the campaigns with them against the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When the Prophet ﷺ entered Makkah in the year of the qaḍiyyah, Allah changed my heart, and Islam entered me. I began to think about what we were upon and what we worshipped—stone that neither hears nor sees. I looked at the Prophet ﷺ and his companions and their abstinence from the world, and that affected me, but I did not resolve to go to him until he returned to Madinah. Then I resolved to go out to him, and I set out at night. I met Khālid b. al-Walīd, and we accompanied each other until we alighted at al-Haddah. We were not aware except of ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ, and we concealed ourselves from him and he concealed himself from us. Then he said: "Where do the two men intend?" We told him. He said: "I intend what you intend." So we accompanied each other until we arrived in Madinah to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I pledged allegiance to him upon Islam and stayed with him until I entered with him in the campaign of the conquest. He entered Makkah and said to me: "O ʿUthmān, bring the key." I brought it. He took it from me, then handed it back to me and said: "Take it, lasting and perpetual; none removes it except an oppressor." Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: ʿUthmān's arrival in Madinah was in Ṣafar of the year eight. He remained residing in Madinah until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, then he returned to Makkah and settled there until he died there at the beginning of the caliphate of Muʿāwiyah. ʿAmr b. al-Aswad al-ʿAnsī: He was one of the devoted worshippers and ascetics. He had a ḥullah worth two hundred dirhams that he would wear when he stood for the night prayer. When he went out to the mosque, he placed his right hand over his left for fear of pride. He narrated from Muʿādh, ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit, al-ʿIrbāḍ b. Sāriyah, and others. Aḥmad said in "al-Zuhd" with his chain from Ḥakīm b. ʿUmayr and Ḍamrah b. Ḥabīb, who said: ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb said: "Whoever would like to look at the guidance of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, let him look at the guidance of ʿAmr b. al-Aswad." ʿĀtikah bt. Zayd b. ʿAmr b. Nufayl b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā: Her mother was Umm Kurz bt. al-Ḥaḍramī. She accepted Islam, pledged allegiance, and emigrated. ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr married her and assigned to her some of his lands on condition that she would not marry after him. When he died, ʿUmar sent to her and said: "You have forbidden yourself what Allah has made lawful for you. Return the property and marry." So ʿUmar married her. ʿĀʾishah sent to her: "Return our land to us." From ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿĀṣim b. al-Mundhir—one of them adds over the other—who said: ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq married ʿĀtikah bt. Zayd b. ʿAmr b. Nufayl. She was beautiful with an outstanding figure. She distracted him from his campaigns. His father ordered him to divorce her and said: "She has distracted you from your campaigns." He said: They say: Divorce her and pitch in her place, remaining with her, grief, the dreams of a sleeper. And my separation from a household I gathered together, against my will, is one of the great calamities. Then he divorced her. His father passed by him while he was saying: I have not seen the like of me divorce this year the like of her, nor the like of her divorced without crime. She has ample character, judgment, and lineage, and a sound form in life, trusted. His father felt compassion for him and ordered him to take her back. Then he witnessed a campaign with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and an arrow struck him and he died from it. His wife ʿĀtikah said, mourning him: I was afflicted with the best of people after their Prophet, and after Abū Bakr, and he did not fall short. And I swore that my eye would not cease to be sorrowful for you, nor would my skin cease to be dusty. For Allah's sake, the eye of one who saw the like of him as a youth, more generous and more protective in the fray and more patient. When spears were aimed at him, he plunged into them to death until he left the spear red. Then ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ married her, and he held a wedding feast. Among those he invited was ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ. He said to him: "O Commander of the Faithful, let me speak to ʿĀtikah." He said: "Speak to her, O Abū al-Ḥasan." ʿAlī ؓ took hold of the side of the curtain, then said: "O you who have made a covenant with herself, you say: I swore that my eye would not cease to be delighted for you, nor would my skin cease to be yellow. She wept. ʿUmar said: "What made you do this, O Abū al-Ḥasan? All women do this." Then he was killed while married to her. Then al-Zubayr married her. She used to go out to the mosque, and he disliked her going out but was reluctant to forbid her. One night she went out to the mosque, and al-Zubayr went out and preceded her to a dark place. When she passed by him, he placed his hand on part of her body. She returned trembling, and thereafter she did not go out. Al-Zubayr said to her: "What is wrong with you that you do not go out to the mosque as you used to do?" She said: "People have become corrupt." He said: "I did that." She said: "Is not someone else able to do the like of it?" And she did not go out until al-Zubayr was killed while married to her.
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