Tarikh (al-Tabari) 2079
The caliphate of ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib
ذِكْرُ مَنْ تُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ مِنَ الْأَعْيَانِ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفِ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفِ بْنِ وَاهِبِ بْنِ الْعُكَيْمِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ الْأَوْسِيُّ، شَهِدَ بَدْرًا، وَثَبَتَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، وَحَضَرَ بَقِيَّةَ الْمَشَاهِدِ، وَكَانَ صَاحِبًا لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَقَدْ شَهِدَ مَعَهُ مَشَاهِدَهُ كُلَّهَا أَيْضًا غَيْرَ الْجَمَلِ، فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ قَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَهُ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ. وَمَاتَ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ بِالْكُوفَةِ، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ خَمْسًا، وَقِيلَ: سِتًّا. وَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ، ؓ. صَفْوَانُ بْنُ بَيْضَاءَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ بَيْضَاءَ أَخُو سُهَيْلِ بْنِ بَيْضَاءَ، شَهِدَ الْمَشَاهِدَ كُلَّهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، وَتُوُفِّيَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْهَا، وَلَيْسَ لَهُ عَقِبٌ. صُهَيْبُ بْنُ سِنَانِ صُهَيْبُ بْنُ سِنَانِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَبُو يَحْيَى الرُّومِيُّ، وَأَصْلُهُ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ، مِنْ قَاسِطَ، وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ أَوْ عَمُّهُ عَامِلًا لِكِسْرَى عَلَى الْأُبُلَّةِ، وَكَانَتْ مَنَازِلُهُمْ عَلَى دِجْلَةَ عِنْدَ الْمَوْصِلِ - وَقِيلَ: عَلَى الْفُرَاتِ - فَأَغَارَتْ عَلَى بِلَادِهِمُ الرُّومُ، فَأَسَرَتْهُ وَهُوَ صَغِيرٌ، فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَهُمْ حِينًا، ثُمَّ اشْتَرَتْهُ بَنُو كَلْبٍ، فَحَمَلُوهُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، فَابْتَاعَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جُدْعَانَ، فَأَعْتَقَهُ، وَأَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ حِينًا، فَلَمَّا بُعِثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، آمَنَ بِهِ قَدِيمًا هُوَ وَعَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فِي يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ بَعْدَ بِضْعَةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ رَجُلًا، وَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ الَّذِينَ يُعَذَّبُونَ فِي اللَّهِ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، هَاجَرَ صُهَيْبٌ بَعْدَهُ بِأَيَّامٍ، فَلَحِقَهُ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَصُدُّوهُ عَنِ الْهِجْرَةِ، فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ بِهِمْ نَثَلَ كِنَانَتَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ: وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنِّي مِنْ أَرْمَاكُمْ رَجُلًا، وَوَاللَّهِ لَا تَصِلُونَ إِلَيَّ حَتَّى أَقْتُلَ بِكُلِّ سَهْمٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ رَجُلًا مِنْكُمْ، ثُمَّ أُقَاتِلَكُمْ بِسَيْفِي حَتَّى أُقْتَلَ، وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ الْمَالَ فَأَنَا أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى مَالِي، هُوَ مَدْفُونٌ فِي مَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَانْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُ فَأَخَذُوا مَالَهُ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، قَالَ لَهُ: رَبِحَ الْبَيْعُ أَبَا يَحْيَى. وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهِ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ [ الْبَقَرَةِ: 207 ]. وَعَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَالَ: وَشَهِدَ صُهَيْبٌ بَدْرًا وَمَا بَعْدَهَا، وَلَمَّا طُعِنَ عُمَرُ، كَانَ صُهَيْبٌ هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ أَيَّامَ الشُّورَى حَتَّى تَعَيَّنَ عُثْمَانُ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي صَلَّى عَلَى عُمَرَ، وَكَانَ لَهُ صَاحِبًا وَصَدِيقًا. وَكَانَ صُهَيْبٌ أَحْمَرَ شَدِيدَ الْحُمْرَةِ، لَيْسَ بِالطَّوِيلِ وَلَا بِالْقَصِيرِ، أَقْرَنَ الْحَاجِبَيْنِ كَثِيرَ الشَّعَرِ، وَكَانَ فِي لِسَانِهِ عُجْمَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، وَكَانَ مَعَ فَضْلِهِ وَدِينِهِ فِيهِ دُعَابَةٌ وَفُكَاهَةٌ وَانْشِرَاحٌ. رُوِيَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، رَآهُ يَأْكُلُ بِقِثَّاءٍ رُطَبًا وَهُوَ أَرْمَدُ إِحْدَى الْعَيْنَيْنِ، فَقَالَ: أَتَأْكُلُ رُطَبًا وَأَنْتَ أَرْمَدُ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا آكُلُ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ عَيْنِي الصَّحِيحَةِ، فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، مِنْ قَوْلِهِ. وَكَانَتْ وَفَاتُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَقِيلَ: سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ. وَقَدْ نَيَّفَ عَلَى السَّبْعِينَ. مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ، وُلِدَ فِي حَيَاةِ النَّبِيِّ، ﷺ، فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ عِنْدَ الْمَحْرَمِ. وَأَمُّهُ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ، وَلَمَّا احْتُضِرَ الصِّدِّيقُ أَوْصَى أَنْ تُغَسِّلَهُ أَسْمَاءُ فَغَسَّلَتْهُ، ثُمَّ لَمَّا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا تَزَوَّجَهَا عَلِيٌّ فَنَشَأَ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي حِجْرِهِ، فَلَمَّا صَارَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْخِلَافَةُ اسْتَنَابَهُ عَلَى مِصْرَ بَعْدَ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ ذَلِكَ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةُ قُتِلَ بِبِلَادِ مِصْرَ، وَلَهُ مِنَ الْعُمُرِ دُونَ الثَّلَاثِينَ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ وَرَضِيَ عَنْهُ. وَحَزِنَتْ عَلَيْهِ عَائِشَةُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَغَيْرُهُمَا. أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسِ بْنِ مَعْدِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْخَثْعَمِيَّةِ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسِ بْنِ مَعْدِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْخَثْعَمِيَّةِ، وَهِيَ أُمُّ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَذْكُورِ، أَسْلَمَتْ قَدِيمًا بِمَكَّةَ وَهَاجَرَتْ مَعَ زَوْجِهَا جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ، وَقَدِمَتْ مَعَهُ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ، وَلَهَا مِنْهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ، وَعَوْنٌ. وَلَمَّا قُتِلَ جَعْفَرٌ بِمُؤْتَةَ، تَزَوَّجَهَا بَعْدَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَمِيرَ مِصْرَ. ثُمَّ لَمَّا مَاتَ الصِّدِّيقُ تَزَوَّجَهَا بَعْدَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ يَحْيَى وَعَوْنًا، وَهِيَ أُخْتُ مَيْمُونَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِأُمِّهَا. وَكَذَلِكَ هِيَ أُخْتُ أُمِّ الْفَضْلِ امْرَأَةِ الْعَبَّاسِ لِأُمِّهَا، وَكَانَ لَهَا مِنَ الْأَخَوَاتِ لِأُمِّهَا تِسْعُ أَخَوَاتٍ، وَهِيَ أُخْتُ سَلْمَى بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ امْرَأَةِ الْعَبَّاسِ الَّتِي لَهُ مِنْهَا بِنْتٌ اسْمُهَا عُمَارَةُ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the notables who died in this year Sahl b. Ḥunayf Sahl b. Ḥunayf b. Wāhib b. al-ʿUkaym b. Thaʿlaba al-Anṣārī al-Awsī. He witnessed Badr, stood firm on the day of Uḥud, and attended the rest of the battles. He was a companion of ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, and he also witnessed all of his battles with him except the Camel, for he had appointed him as his deputy over Madinah. Sahl b. Ḥunayf died in this year in Kufa, and ʿAlī prayed over him and pronounced the takbīr over him five times; it is said six times. He said: He was one of the people of Badr, ؓ. Ṣafwān b. Bayḍāʾ Ṣafwān b. Bayḍāʾ, the brother of Suhayl b. Bayḍāʾ. He witnessed all the battles with the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ, and died in this year in Ramadan of it, and he has no offspring. Ṣuhayb b. Sinān Ṣuhayb b. Sinān b. Mālik, Abū Yaḥyā al-Rūmī. His origin is from Yemen, from Qāsiṭ. His father or his paternal uncle was an agent for Kisrā over al-Ubulla, and their dwellings were on the Tigris near Mosul—it is said on the Euphrates—so the Byzantines raided their lands and captured him while he was young. He stayed with them for a while, then the Banū Kalb bought him and brought him to Makkah, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Judʿān purchased him and manumitted him. He stayed in Makkah for a while. When the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ, was sent, he believed in him early on, he and ʿAmmār b. Yāsir in one day, after thirty-some men. He was among the oppressed who were tortured for the sake of Allah, Mighty and Majestic. When the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ, emigrated, Ṣuhayb emigrated a few days after him, and a group of polytheists caught up with him intending to turn him back from the emigration. When he sensed them, he scattered his quiver before him and said to them: By Allah, you know that I am one of the best archers among you, and by Allah, you will not reach me until I kill with each arrow of these a man among you, then I fight you with my sword until I am killed. And if you want wealth, I will show you my wealth; it is buried in such-and-such a place. So they turned away from him and took his wealth. When he came to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ, he said to him: The transaction has profited, Abū Yaḥyā. And Allah, Exalted is He, revealed: “And of the people is he who sells his soul seeking the pleasure of Allah, and Allah is kind to the servants” [al-Baqarah: 207]. From Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab, he said: Ṣuhayb witnessed Badr and what came after it. When ʿUmar was stabbed, Ṣuhayb was the one who led the people in prayer during the days of the council until ʿUthmān was chosen, and he is the one who prayed over ʿUmar, and he was a companion and friend to him. Ṣuhayb was ruddy, intensely red, neither tall nor short, with joined eyebrows and much hair. He had a severe foreign accent in his tongue. Along with his virtue and religiosity, he had jest, humor, and cheerfulness. It is narrated that the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ, saw him eating fresh dates with cucumbers while one of his eyes was inflamed, and he said: Do you eat fresh dates while you have ophthalmia? He said: I only eat from the side of my healthy eye, and the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ, laughed at his words. His death was in Madinah in the year thirty-eight, and it is said in the year thirty-nine. He was over seventy. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq. He was born during the life of the Prophet, ﷺ, in the Farewell Pilgrimage under the tree near al-Maḥram. His mother was Asmāʾ bt. ʿUmays. When al-Ṣiddīq was dying, he enjoined that Asmāʾ wash him, and she washed him. Then, when her waiting period ended, ʿAlī married her, and Muḥammad grew up in his care. When the caliphate came to him, he appointed him as his deputy over Egypt after Qays b. Saʿd b. ʿUbāda, as has preceded. When this year came, he was killed in the land of Egypt, and he was under thirty years of age, may Allah have mercy on him and be pleased with him. ʿĀʾisha, ʿAlī, and others grieved for him. Asmāʾ bt. ʿUmays b. Maʿd b. al-Ḥārith al-Khathʿamiyya Asmāʾ bt. ʿUmays b. Maʿd b. al-Ḥārith al-Khathʿamiyya, and she is the mother of the aforementioned Muḥammad. She embraced Islam early in Makkah and emigrated with her husband Jaʿfar b. Abī Ṭālib to Abyssinia, and she came with him to Khaybar. She had from him ʿAbd Allāh, Muḥammad, and ʿAwn. When Jaʿfar was killed at Muʾta, Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq married her after him, and she bore him Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr, the governor of Egypt. Then when al-Ṣiddīq died, ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib married her after him, and she bore him Yaḥyā and ʿAwn. She is the sister of Maymūna bt. al-Ḥārith, the Mother of the Believers, through her mother. Likewise, she is the sister of Umm al-Faḍl, the wife of al-ʿAbbās, through her mother. She had through her mother nine sisters, and she is the sister of Salmā bt. ʿUmays, the wife of al-ʿAbbās, from whom he had a daughter named ʿUmāra.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.