Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1963
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
كَرَامَاتِ عُمَرَ [يَا سَارِيَةَ الْجَبَلَ] وَأَخْرَجَ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ مِنْ طَرِيقِ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: (كَانَ عُمَرُ يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ الْجُمْعَةِ، فَعَرَضَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ أَنْ قَالَ: يَا سَارِيَةُ ; الْجَبَلَ، مَنِ اسْتَرْعَى الذِّئْبَ... ظَلَمَ، فَالْتَفَتَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ: لَيَخْرُجَنَّ مِمَّا قَالَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ... سَأَلُوهُ، فَقَالَ: وَقَعَ فِي خَلَدِي أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ هَزَمُوا إِخْوَانَنَا، وَإِنَّهُمْ يَمُرُّونَ بِجَبَلٍ، فَإِنْ عَدَلُوا إِلَيْهِ.. قَاتَلُوا مِنْ وَجْهٍ وَاحِدٍ، وَإِنْ جَازُوا.. هَلَكُوا، فَخَرَجَ مِنِّي مَا تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّكُمْ سَمِعْتُمُوهُ، قَالَ: فَجَاءَ الْبَشِيرُ بَعْدَ شَهْرٍ، فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُمْ سَمِعُوا صَوْتَ عُمَرَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ، قَالَ: فَعَدَلْنَا إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا). أَدْرِكْ أَهْلَكَ فَقَدِ احْتَرَقُوا [أَدْرِكْ أَهْلَكَ فَقَدِ احْتَرَقُوا] وعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: (قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ لِرَجُلٍ: مَا اسْمُكَ؟ قَالَ: جَمْرَةُ، قَالَ: ابْنُ مَنْ؟ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ: مِمَّنْ؟ قَالَ: مِنَ الْحُرَقَةِ، قَالَ: أَيْنَ مَسْكَنُكَ؟ قَالَ الْحَرَّةُ، قَالَ بِأَيِّهَا؟ قَالَ: بِذَاتِ لَظَى، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: أَدْرِكْ أَهْلَكَ ; فَقَدِ احْتَرَقُوا، فَرَجَعَ الرَّجُلُ فَوَجَدَ أَهْلَهُ قَدِ احْتَرَقُوا). رِسَالَةُ سَيِّدِنَا عُمَرَ ؓ إِلَى نِيلِ مِصْرَ [رِسَالَةُ سَيِّدِنَا عُمَرَ ؓ إِلَى نِيلِ مِصْرَ] عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ: (لَمَّا فُتِحَتْ مِصْرُ... أُتِيَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِي حِينَ دَخَلَ يَوْمٌ مِنْ أَشْهُرِ الْعَجَمِ، فَقَالُوا: أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ ; إِنَّ لِنِيلِنَا هَذَا سُنَّةً لَا يَجْرِي إِلَّا بِهَا، قَالَ: وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً تَخْلُو مِنْ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ.. عَمَدْنَا إِلَى جَارِيَةٍ بِكْرٍ بَيْنَ أَبَوَيْهَا، فَأَرْضَيْنَا أَبَوَيْهَا، وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الثِّيَابِ وَالْحُلِيِّ أَفْضَلَ مَا يَكُونُ، ثُمَّ أَلْقَيْنَاهَا فِي هَذَا النِّيلِ. فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَمْرٌو: إِنَّ هَذَا لَا يَكُونُ أَبَدًا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَإِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ يَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ، فَأَقَامُوا وَالنِّيلُ لَا يَجْرِي قَلِيلًا وَلَا كَثِيرًا حَتَّى هَمُّوا بِالْجَلَاءِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ عَمْرٌو.. كَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ بِذَلِكَ. فَكَتَبَ لَهُ: أَنْ قَدْ أَصَبْتَ بِالَّذِي فَعَلْتَ، وَإِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ يَهْدِمُ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ، وَبَعَثَ بِطَاقَةً فِي دَاخِلِ كِتَابِهِ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى عَمْرٍو: إِنِّي قَدْ بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْكَ بِبِطَاقَةٍ فِي دَاخِلِ كِتَابِي فَأَلْقِهَا فِي النِّيلِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ كِتَابُ عُمَرَ إِلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِي.. أَخَذَ الْبِطَاقَةَ، فَفَتَحَهَا ; فَإِذَا فِيهَا: مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عُمَرَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى نِيلِ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ، أَمَّا بَعْدُ: فَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَجْرِي مِنْ قِبَلِكَ.. فَلَا تَجْرِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ اللَّهُ يُجْرِيكَ.. فَأَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ الْوَاحِدَ الْقَهَّارَ أَنْ يُجْرِيَكَ. فَأَلْقَى الْبِطَاقَةَ فِي النِّيلِ قَبْلَ الصَّلِيبِ بِيَوْمٍ، فَأَصْبَحُوا وَقَدْ أَجْرَاهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ ذِرَاعًا فِي لَيْلَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، فَقَطَعَ اللَّهُ تِلْكَ السُّنَّةَ عَنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ). كَشْفُ عمر الْكَذِبَ، وَدُعَاؤُهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ [كَشْفُهُ الْكَذِبَ، وَدُعَاؤُهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ] وَأَخْرَجَ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ: (إِنْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ لَيُحَدِّثُ عُمَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فَيَكْذِبُهُ الْكِذْبَةَ فَيَقُولُ: احْبِسْ هَذِهِ، ثُمَّ يُحَدِّثُهُ الْحَدِيثَ فَيَقُولُ: احْبِسْ هَذِهِ، فَيَقُولُ لَهُ: كُلُّ مَا حَدَّثْتُكَ حَقٌّ إِلَّا مَا أَمَرْتَنِي أَنْ أَحْبِسَهُ). وَأَخْرَجَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «الدَّلَائِلِ» عَنْ أَبِي عَذَبَةَ الْحِمْصِيِّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَ عُمَرُ: (أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ قَدْ حَصَبُوا أَمِيرَهُمْ، فَخَرَجَ غَضْبَانَ، فَصَلَّى فَسَهَا فِي صَلَاتِهِ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ ; إِنَّهُمْ قَدْ لَبَّسُوا عَلَيَّ فَالْبِسْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَعَجِّلْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْغُلَامِ الثَّقَفِيِّ يَحْكُمُ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ: لَا يَقْبَلُ مِنْ مُحْسِنِهِمْ، وَلَا يَتَجَاوَزُ عَنْ مُسِيئِهِمْ). قُلْتُ: أَشَارَ بِهِ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ، قَالَ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ: (وَمَا وُلِدَ الْحَجَّاجُ يَوْمَئِذٍ).
Translation
✧ KARĀMĀT OF ʿUMAR [YĀ SĀRIYAH, THE MOUNTAIN] Ibn Mardawayh transmitted by way of Maymūn b. Mihrān, from Ibn ʿUmar, who said: ʿUmar was delivering the Friday sermon, and in the course of his sermon he said: “O Sāriyah, the mountain! Whoever puts the wolf in charge… has wronged.” The people looked at one another, and ʿAlī said to them: “What he said will surely come to pass.” When he finished, they asked him, and he said: “It occurred to me that the polytheists had put our brothers to flight, and that they would pass by a mountain. If they turned toward it, they would fight from one direction; but if they passed beyond it, they would perish. So what you claim to have heard escaped from me.” He said: The bringer of good tidings came after a month and mentioned that they had heard ʿUmar’s voice on that day. He said: “So we turned toward the mountain, and Allah granted us victory.” SAVE YOUR FAMILY, FOR THEY HAVE BURNED [SAVE YOUR FAMILY, FOR THEY HAVE BURNED] From Ibn ʿUmar, who said: ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb said to a man: “What is your name?” He said: “Jamrah.” He said: “Son of whom?” He said: “Son of Shihāb.” He said: “From which tribe?” He said: “From al-Ḥuraqah.” He said: “Where is your dwelling?” He said: “Al-Ḥarrah.” He said: “In which part of it?” He said: “In Dhāt Laẓā.” So ʿUmar said: “Save your family, for they have burned.” The man returned and found that his family had burned. THE LETTER OF OUR MASTER ʿUMAR ؓ TO THE NILE OF EGYPT [THE LETTER OF OUR MASTER ʿUMAR ؓ TO THE NILE OF EGYPT] From Qays b. al-Ḥajjāj, from someone who narrated to him, who said: When Egypt was conquered, ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣī was approached on a day in one of the non-Arab months, and they said: “O commander, our Nile has a custom without which it does not flow.” He said: “And what is that?” They said: “When eleven nights have passed of this month, we take a virgin girl from between her parents, satisfy her parents, and place upon her the finest garments and ornaments that can be, then we cast her into this Nile.” ʿAmr said to them: “This shall never happen in Islam, for Islam demolishes what came before it.” So they remained while the Nile did not flow, neither little nor much, until they considered emigrating. When ʿAmr saw that, he wrote to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb about it. He wrote to him: “You were correct in what you did, for Islam demolishes what came before it.” And he sent a card inside his letter, writing to ʿAmr: “I have sent you a card inside my letter; cast it into the Nile.” When ʿUmar’s letter reached ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣī, he took the card and opened it, and it contained: From the servant of Allah, ʿUmar, Commander of the Believers, to the Nile of the people of Egypt. Now then: If you flow of your own accord, then do not flow; but if it is Allah who makes you flow, then I ask Allah, the One, the Subduer, to make you flow. He cast the card into the Nile one day before the feast of the cross, and the next morning Allah Most High had made it flow sixteen cubits in a single night, and Allah cut off that custom from the people of Egypt to this day. ʿUMAR’S EXPOSING OF A LIE, AND HIS SUPPLICATION AGAINST THE PEOPLE OF IRAQ [HIS EXPOSING OF A LIE, AND HIS SUPPLICATION AGAINST THE PEOPLE OF IRAQ] Ibn ʿAsākir transmitted from Ṭāriq b. Shihāb, who said: A man would narrate a report to ʿUmar and insert a lie into it, and ʿUmar would say: “Hold this back.” Then he would narrate another report to him, and ʿUmar would say: “Hold this back.” Then the man would say to him: “Everything I narrated to you is true except what you ordered me to hold back.” Al-Bayhaqī transmitted in al-Dalāʾil from Abū ʿAdhabah al-Ḥimṣī, who said: ʿUmar was informed that the people of Iraq had pelted their amīr with pebbles. He went out angry and prayed, and he made an error in his prayer. When he said the salām, he said: “O Allah, they have confused matters for me, so confuse matters for them, and hasten upon them the Thaqafī youth, who will rule among them with the rule of the Age of Ignorance: he will not accept from their good-doer, nor will he overlook their evildoer.” I say: By this he meant al-Ḥajjāj. Ibn Lahīʿah said: “Al-Ḥajjāj had not been born on that day.”
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.