Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1936
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
فَتْحُ الْبَابِ قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وَزَعَمَ سَيْفٌ أَنَّهُ فِي سنة ثنتين وعشرين؛ كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ كِتَابًا بِالْإِمْرَةِ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْغَزْوَةِ لِسُرَاقَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو - الْمُلَقَّبِ بِذِي النُّورِ - وَجَعَلَ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَتِهِ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ، وَيُقَالُ لَهُ: ذُو النُّورِ أَيْضًا. وَجَعَلَ عَلَى إِحْدَى الْمُجَنَّبَتَيْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ أُسَيْدٍ، وَعَلَى الْأُخْرَى بُكَيْرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ اللِّيثِيَّ - وَكَانَ قَدْ تَقَدَّمَهُمْ إِلَى الْبَابِ - وَعَلَى الْمَقَاسِمِ سَلْمَانُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ. فَسَارُوا كَمَا أَمَرَهُمْ عُمَرُ، وَعَلَى تَعْبِئَتِهِ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى مُقَدَّمُ الْعَسَاكِرِ - وَهُوَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ - إِلَى الْمَلِكِ الَّذِي هُنَاكَ عِنْدَ الْبَابِ وَهُوَ شَهْرَبْرَازُ مَلِكُ أَرْمِينِيَّةَ وَهُوَ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَلِكِ الَّذِي قَتَلَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَغَزَا الشَّامَ فِي قَدِيمِ الزَّمَانِ، فَكَتَبَ شَهْرَبْرَازُ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَاسْتَأْمَنَهُ، فَأَمَّنَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ، فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلِكُ. فَقَالَ: إِنِّي بِإِزَاءِ عَدُوٍّ كَلِبٍ وَأُمَمٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ لَيْسَتْ لَهُمْ أَحْسَابٌ وَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِذِي الْحَسَبِ وَالْعَقْلِ أَنْ يُعِينَهُمْ عَلَى ذِي الْحَسَبِ، وَلَسْتُ مِنَ الْقَبْجِ وَلَا الْأَرْمَنِ فِي شَيْءٍ، وَإِنَّكُمْ قَدْ غَلَبْتُمْ عَلَى بِلَادِي وَأُمَّتِي، فَأَنَا مِنْكُمْ وَيَدِي مَعَ أَيْدِيكُمْ، وَجِزْيَتِي إِلَيْكُمْ وَالنَّصْرُ لَكُمْ، وَالْقِيَامُ بِمَا تُحِبُّونَ، فَلَا تَسُومُونَنَا الْجِزْيَةَ فَتُوَهِّنُونَا بِعَدُوِّكُمْ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ فَوْقِيَ رَجُلًا فَاذْهَبْ إِلَيْهِ. فَبَعَثَهُ إِلَى سُرَاقَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَمِيرِ الْجَيْشِ، فَسَأَلَ مِنْ سُرَاقَةَ الْأَمَانَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ، فَأَجَازَ مَا أَعْطَاهُ مِنَ الْأَمَانِ، وَاسْتَحْسَنَهُ، فَكَتَبَ لَهُ سُرَاقَةُ كِتَابًا بِذَلِكَ. فَتْحِ مُوقَانَ ولَمَّا فَرَغَ سُرَاقَةُ مِنَ الْبَابِ أَرْسَلَ بُكَيْرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَحَبِيبَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ، وَحُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ أَسِيدٍ، وَسَلْمَانَ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ إِلَى أَهْلِ تِلْكَ الْجِبَالِ الْمُحِيطَةِ بِأَرْمِينِيَّةَ، فَوَجَّهَ بُكَيْرًا إِلَى مُوقَانَ، وَحَبِيبًا إِلَى تَفْلِيسَ، وَحُذَيْفَةَ إِلَى جِبَالِ اللَّانِ، وَسَلْمَانَ إِلَى الْوَجْهِ الْآخَرِ. وَكَتَبَ سُرَاقَةُ بِالْفَتْحِ إِلَى عُمَرَ، وَبِإِرْسَالِ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرِ إِلَى الْجِهَاتِ الْمَذْكُورَةِ، فَأَتَى عُمَرَ أَمْرٌ لَمْ يَظُنَّ أَنْ يَتِمَّ لَهُ بِغَيْرِ مَؤُونَةٍ ; لِأَنَّهُ فَرْجٌ عَظِيمٌ وَجُنْدٌ عَظِيمٌ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَوْسَقُوا وَاسْتَحْلَوُا الْإِسْلَامَ وَعَدْلَهُ مَاتَ سُرَاقَةُ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ. وَلَمْ يَفْتَتِحْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أُولَئِكَ الْقُوَّادِ إِلَّا بُكَيْرٌ، فَإِنَّهُ فَضَّ أَهْلَ مُوقَانَ، ثُمَّ تَرَاجَعُوا عَلَى الْجِزْيَةِ، عَنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارٌ. وَكَانَ فَتْحُهَا سَنَةَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ. وَلَمَّا بَلَّغَ عُمَرَ مَوْتُ سُرَاقَةَ وَاسْتِخْلَافُهُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ أَقَرَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ عَلَى فَرْجِ الْبَابِ وَأَمَرَهُ بِغَزْوِ التُّرْكِ.
Translation
✧ The Conquest of al-Bāb Ibn Jarīr said: Saif claimed that in the year twenty-two, ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb wrote a letter of command for this campaign to Surāqah b. ʿAmr—who was nicknamed Dhū al-Nūr—and he placed over his vanguard ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah, who was also called Dhū al-Nūr. Over one of the two wings he placed Ḥudhaifah b. Usaid, and over the other Bukair b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Laithī—who had preceded them to al-Bāb—and over the distribution of spoils Salmān b. Rabīʿah. They marched as ʿUmar had ordered them and according to his arrangement. When the vanguard of the armies—which was ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah—reached the king who was there at al-Bāb, namely Shahrabarāz, king of Armenia, who was from the house of the king who had killed the Children of Israel and had raided Syria in ancient times, Shahrabarāz wrote to ʿAbd al-Raḥmān and sought a guarantee of safety from him. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah granted him safety, and the king came to him and said: "I am facing a fierce enemy and various nations who have no noble lineages, and it is not fitting for a man of lineage and intellect to help them against a man of lineage. I have nothing to do with the Qabj or the Armenians. You have conquered my lands and my people, so I am one of you, my hand is with your hands, my tribute is to you, my support is for you, and I will carry out what you love. So do not impose the jizyah on us, lest you weaken us against your enemy." He said to him: "There is a man above me, so go to him." He sent him to Surāqah b. ʿAmr, the commander of the army. He asked Surāqah for safety. Surāqah wrote to ʿUmar, and ʿUmar approved the safety he had given and deemed it good, and Surāqah wrote him a document to that effect. The Conquest of Mūqān When Surāqah had finished with al-Bāb, he sent Bukair b. ʿAbd Allāh, Ḥabīb b. Maslamah, Ḥudhaifah b. Usaid, and Salmān b. Rabīʿah to the people of those mountains surrounding Armenia. He dispatched Bukair to Mūqān, Ḥabīb to Tiflīs, Ḥudhaifah to the mountains of al-Lān, and Salmān to the other direction. Surāqah wrote to ʿUmar about the conquest and about sending these men to the mentioned directions. An affair came to ʿUmar that he had not thought would be accomplished without trouble, because it was a great frontier and a great army. When they had become secure and found Islam and its justice sweet, Surāqah died and appointed ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah as his successor. None of those commanders achieved a conquest except Bukair, for he dispersed the people of Mūqān; then they returned to the jizyah, one dinar for every adult. Its conquest was in the year twenty-one. When the news of Surāqah's death and his appointment of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah reached ʿUmar, he confirmed ʿAbd al-Raḥmān over the frontier of al-Bāb and ordered him to raid the Turks.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.